Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2021.10.030

The effect of nuclear energy on the environment in the context of globalization: Consumption vs production-based CO2 emissions  

Danish, Danish (School of Economics and Trade, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies)
Ulucak, Recep (Erciyes University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics)
Erdogan, Seyfettin (Istanbul Medeniyet University, Deepartment of Economics)
Publication Information
Nuclear Engineering and Technology / v.54, no.4, 2022 , pp. 1312-1320 More about this Journal
Abstract
The earlier studies have analyzed theoretical links between nuclear energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions concerning territorial (or production-based) emissions. Here using the latest available dataset, this study explores the impacts of nuclear energy on production-based and consumption-based CO2 emission in the era of globalization for the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The Driscoll-Kraay regression method reveals that nuclear energy is beneficial for the reduction of production-based CO2 emissions. However, it is revealed that nuclear energy does not reduce consumption-based CO2 emissions that are traded internationally and hence not comprised in conventional production-based emissions (territory) inventories. Globalization tends to reduce both production-based and demand-based carbon emissions. Finally, Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is validated for both kinds of CO2 emissions. The findings may deliver practical policy implications related to nuclear energy and CO2 emissions for selected countries.
Keywords
Production-and consumption-based $CO_2$ emissions; Nuclear energy; DK-Regression; OECD countries;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 9  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 A.O. Acheampong, J. Dzator, D.A. Savage, Renewable energy, CO2 emissions and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa: does institutional quality matter? J. Pol. Model. (2021) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2021.03.011.   DOI
2 J. Baek, Do nuclear and renewable energy improve the environment? Empirical evidence from the United States, Ecol. Indicat. 66 (2016) 352-356, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.01.059.   DOI
3 Shujah-ur Rahman, S. Chen, S. Saud, S. Bano, A. Haseeb, The nexus between financial development, globalization, and environmental degradation: fresh evidence from Central and Eastern European Countries, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 26 (2019) 24733-24747, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05714-w.   DOI
4 E.F. Fama, K.R. French, The cross-section of expected stock returns, J. Finance 47 (1992) 427, https://doi.org/10.2307/2329112.   DOI
5 B. Liddle, Consumption-based accounting and the trade-carbon emissions nexus, Energy Econ. 69 (2018) 71-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2017.11.004.   DOI
6 K. Menyah, Y. Wolde-Rufael, CO2emissions, nuclear energy, renewable energy and economic growth in the US, Energy Pol. 38 (2010) 2911-2915, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.01.024.   DOI
7 N. Apergis, J.E. Payne, K. Menyah, Y. Wolde-Rufael, On the causal dynamics between emissions, nuclear energy, renewable energy, and economic growth, Ecol. Econ. 69 (2010) 2255-2260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.06.014.   DOI
8 S.A. Sarkodie, S. Adams, Renewable energy, nuclear energy, and environmental pollution: accounting for political institutional quality in South Africa, Sci. Total Environ. 643 (2018) 1590-1601, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.320.   DOI
9 A. Azam, M. Rafiq, M. Shafique, H. Zhang, J. Yuan, Analyzing the effect of natural gas, nuclear energy and renewable energy on GDP and carbon emissions: a multi-variate panel data analysis, Energy 219 (2021), 119592, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119592.   DOI
10 S.U. Danish, A. Khan, Ahmad, Testing the pollution haven hypothesis on the pathway of sustainable development: accounting the role of nuclear energy consumption, Nucl. Eng. Technol. (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2021.02.008.   DOI
11 M. Mbarek, K. Saidi, M. Amamri, The relationship between pollutant emissions, renewable energy, nuclear energy and GDP: empirical evidence from 18 developed and developing countries, Int. J. Sustain. Energy 37 (2018) 597-615, https://doi.org/10.1080/14786451.2017.1332060.   DOI
12 U.K. Pata, A.E. Caglar, Investigating the EKC hypothesis with renewable energy consumption, human capital, globalization and trade openness for China: evidence from augmented ARDL approach with a structural break, Energy (2020), 119220, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119220.   DOI
13 K. Dong, R. Sun, H. Jiang, X. Zeng, CO2 emissions, economic growth, and the environmental Kuznets curve in China: what roles can nuclear energy and renewable energy play? J. Clean. Prod. 196 (2018) 51-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.271.   DOI
14 M. Danish, B. Wang Awais, Analyzing the role of governance in CO 2 emissions mitigation : the BRICS experience, Struct. Change Econ. Dynam. 51 (2019) 119-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2019.08.007.   DOI
15 R. Danish, B. Ozcan Ulucak, An empirical investigation of nuclear energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in India: bridging IPAT and EKC hypotheses, Nucl. Eng. Technol. (2020), 104743, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2020.12.008.   DOI
16 P. Hipolito Leal, A. Cardoso Marques, Are de jure and de facto globalization undermining the environment? Evidence from high and low globalized EU countries, J. Environ. Manag. 250 (2019), 109460, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109460.   DOI
17 M.A. Baloch, I. Ozturk, F.V. Bekun, D. Khan, Modeling the dynamic linkage between financial development, energy innovation, and environmental quality: does globalization matter? Bus. Strat. Environ. (2020) https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2615 bse.2615.   DOI
18 A. Franzen, S. Mader, Consumption-based versus production-based accounting of CO2 emissions: is there evidence for carbon leakage? Environ. Sci. Pol. 84 (2018) 34-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.02.009.   DOI
19 H. Iwata, K. Okada, S. Samreth, Empirical study on the environmental Kuznets curve for CO 2 in France : the role of nuclear energy, Energy Pol. 38 (2010) 4057-4063, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.03.031.   DOI
20 J. Baek, D. Pride, On the income-nuclear energy-CO2 emissions nexus revisited, Energy Econ. 43 (2014) 6-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2014.01.015.   DOI
21 G.M. Grossman, A.B. Krueger, Economic growth and the environment, Q. J. Econ. 110 (1995) 353-377.   DOI
22 S. Saint Akadiri, A. Adewale Alola, G. Olasehinde-Williams, M. Udom Etokakpan, The role of electricity consumption, globalization and economic growth in carbon dioxide emissions and its implications for environmental sustainability targets, Sci. Total Environ. 708 (2020), 134653, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134653.   DOI
23 BP, BP Statistical Review of World Energy, 2018, pp. 1-56.
24 M.A. Baloch, S.U.-D. Khan Danish, Z.S, . Ulucak, A. Ahmad, Analyzing the relationship between poverty, income inequality, and CO2 emission in Sub-Saharan African countries, Sci. Total Environ. 740 (2020), 139867, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139867.   DOI
25 S.A. Sarkodie, V. Strezov, Effect of foreign direct investments, economic development and energy consumption on greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries, Sci. Total Environ. 646 (2019) 862-871, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.365.   DOI
26 R. Ulucak, Danish, Y. Kassouri, An assessment of the environmental sustainability corridor: investigating the non-linear effects of environmental taxation on CO2 emissions, Sustain. Dev. 28 (2020) 1010-1018, https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2057.   DOI
27 N. Mahmood, K. Danish, Z. Wang, B. Zhang, The role of nuclear energy in the correction of environmental pollution: evidence from Pakistan, Nucl. Eng. Technol. (2019), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2019.11.027.   DOI
28 D.H. Vo, A.T. Vo, C.M. Ho, H.M. Nguyen, The role of renewable energy, alternative and nuclear energy in mitigating carbon emissions in the CPTPP countries, Renew. Energy 161 (2020) 278-292, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.07.093.   DOI
29 OECD, Energy Technol, RDD Stat., 2019.
30 J.C. Driscoll, A.C. Kraay, Consistent covariance matrix estimation with spatially dependent panel data, Rev. Econ. Stat. 80 (1998) 549-560, https://doi.org/10.1162/003465398557825.   DOI
31 G.M. Grossman, A.B. Krueger, Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement, 1991, https://doi.org/10.3386/w3914.   DOI
32 F.F. Adedoyin, A.A. Alola, F.V. Bekun, The nexus of environmental sustainability and agro-economic performance of Sub-Saharan African countries, Heliyon 6 (2020), e04878, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04878.   DOI
33 Y.A. Solangi, C. Longsheng, S.A.A. Shah, Assessing and overcoming the renewable energy barriers for sustainable development in Pakistan: an integrated AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS approach, Renew. Energy 173 (2021) 209-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.RENENE.2021.03.141.   DOI
34 D. Evensen, Renewable energy policy: enumerating costs reduces support, Nat. Energy. 2 (2017) 1-2, https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.106.   DOI
35 F.F. Adedoyin, I. Ozturk, F.V. Bekun, P.O. Agboola, M.O. Agboola, Renewable and non-renewable energy policy simulations for abating emissions in a complex economy: evidence from the novel dynamic ARDL, Renew. Energy 177 (2021) 1408-1420, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.06.018.   DOI
36 R. Ulucak Danish, The pathway toward pollution mitigation : does institutional quality make a difference, Business. Abstract I (2020) 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2597.   DOI
37 T. Goh, B.W. Ang, Quantifying CO2 emission reductions from renewables and nuclear energy e some paradoxes, Energy Pol. 113 (2018) 651-662, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.11.019.   DOI
38 S. Erdogan, N.D. Cakar, R. Ulucak, Danish, Y. Kassouri, The role of natural re- sources abundance and dependence in achieving environmental sustainability: evidence from resource-based economies, Sustain. Dev. (2020), https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2137 sd.2137.   DOI
39 F.F. Adedoyin, A.A. Alola, F.V. Bekun, The alternative energy utilization and common regional trade outlook in EU-27: evidence from common correlated effects, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 145 (2021), 111092, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111092.   DOI
40 M. Pilatowska, A. Geise, A. Wlodarczyk, The effect of renewable and nuclear energy consumption on decoupling economic growth from CO2 emissions in Spain, Energies 13 (2020), https://doi.org/10.3390/en13092124.   DOI
41 T. Balezentis, G. Liobikiene, D. Streimikiene, K. Sun, The impact of income inequality on consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions at the global level: a partially linear approach, J. Environ. Manag. 267 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110635.   DOI
42 S.T. Hassan, Salah-Ud-Din khan Danish, M. Awais Baloch, Z.H. Tarar, Is nuclear energy a better alternative for mitigating CO2 emissions in BRICS countries? An empirical analysis, Nucl. Eng. Technol. 52 (2020) 2969-2974, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2020.05.016.   DOI
43 U.K. Pata, Linking renewable energy, globalization, agriculture, CO2 emissions and ecological footprint in BRIC countries: a sustainability perspective, Renew. Energy 173 (2021) 197-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.03.125.   DOI
44 A. Alam, Nuclear energy, CO2 emissions and economic growth: the case of developing and developed countries, J. Econ. Stud. 40 (2013) 822-834, https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-04-2012-0044.   DOI
45 H. Jamil, B. Abu-hijleh, The potential role of nuclear energy in mitigating CO 2 emissions in the United Arab Emirates, Energy Pol. 42 (2012) 272-285, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.11.084.   DOI
46 P.H. Leal, A.C. Marques, The environmental impacts of globalisation and corruption : evidence from a set of African countries, Environ. Sci. Pol. 115 (2021) 116-124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.10.013.   DOI
47 M.W. Zafar, S. Saud, F. Hou, The impact of globalization and financial development on environmental quality: evidence from selected countries in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 26 (2019) 13246-13262, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04761-7.   DOI
48 B. Sanchez, Low R Square in the Cross Section of Expected Returns, 2015.
49 S. Saint Akadiri, M.M. Alkawfi, S. Ugural, A.C. Akadiri, Towards achieving environmental sustainability target in Italy. The role of energy, real income and globalization, Sci. Total Environ. 671 (2019) 1293-1301, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.03.448.   DOI
50 F.F. Adedoyin, N. Nwulu, F.V. Bekun, Environmental degradation, energy consumption and sustainable development: accounting for the role of economic complexities with evidence from World Bank income clusters, Bus. Strat. Environ. 30 (2021) 2727-2740, https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2774.   DOI
51 IPCC, Global Warming of 1.5 C, An IPCC Special Report on the Impacts of Global Warming of 1.5 C above Pre-industrial Levels and Related Global Greenhouse Gas Emission Pathways, in: The Context of Strengthening the Global Response to the Threat of Climate Change, 2018. Geneva, Switzerland.
52 M. Ben Mbarek, R. Khairallah, R. Feki, Causality relationships between renewable energy, nuclear energy and economic growth in France, Environ. Syst. Decis. 35 (2015) 133-142, https://doi.org/10.1007/S10669-015-9537-6.   DOI
53 J. Lu, L. Ren, S. Yao, D. Rong, M. Skare, J. Streimikis, Renewable energy barriers and coping strategies: evidence from the Baltic States, Sustain. Dev. 28 (2020) 352-367, https://doi.org/10.1002/SD.2030.   DOI
54 K. Saidi, A. Omri, Reducing CO2 emissions in OECD countries: do renewable and nuclear energy matter? Prog. Nucl. Energy 126 (2020), 103425 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2020.103425.   DOI
55 T. Jin, J. Kim, What is better for mitigating carbon emissions e renewable energy or nuclear energy ? A panel data analysis, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 91 (2018) 464-471, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.022.   DOI
56 M.U. Etokakpan, S.A. Solarin, V. Yorucu, F.V. Bekun, S.A. Sarkodie, Modeling natural gas consumption, capital formation, globalization, CO2 emissions and economic growth nexus in Malaysia: fresh evidence from combined cointegration and causality analysis, Energy Strateg. Rev. 31 (2020), 100526, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100526.   DOI
57 J. Baek, A panel cointegration analysis of CO2 emissions, nuclear energy and income in major nuclear generating countries, Appl. Energy 145 (2015) 133-138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.01.074.   DOI
58 S.J. Davis, K. Caldeira, Consumption-based accounting of CO2 emissions, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 107 (2010) 5687-5692, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0906974107.   DOI
59 E.E. Michaelides, D.N. Michaelides, Impact of nuclear energy on fossil fuel substitution, Nucl. Eng. Des. 366 (2020), 110742, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.110742.   DOI
60 L.S. Lau, C.K. Choong, C.F. Ng, F.M. Liew, S.L. Ching, Is nuclear energy clean? Revisit of Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in OECD countries, Econ. Modell. 77 (2019) 12-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2018.09.015.   DOI
61 C. Li, J. Zuo, Z. Wang, X. Zhang, Production- and consumption-based convergence analyses of global CO2 emissions, J. Clean. Prod. 264 (2020), 121723, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121723.   DOI
62 U. Al-Mulali, Investigating the impact of nuclear energy consumption on GDP growth and CO2 emission: a panel data analysis, Prog. Nucl. Energy 73 (2014) 172-178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2014.02.002.   DOI
63 B. Aslam, J. Hu, M. Hafeez, D. Ma, T.S. AlGarni, M. Saeed, M.A. Abdullah, S. Hussain, Applying environmental Kuznets curve framework to assess the nexus of industry, globalization, and CO2 emission, Environ. Technol. Innov. 21 (2021), 101377, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2021.101377.   DOI
64 E. Santoyo-Castelazo, L. Stamford, A. Azapagic, Environmental implications of decarbonising electricity supply in large economies: the case of Mexico, Energy Convers. Manag. 85 (2014) 272-291, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.05.051.   DOI
65 A.K. Jorgenson, S. Fiske, K. Hubacek, J. Li, T. McGovern, T. Rick, J.B. Schor, W. Solecki, R. York, A. Zycherman, Social science perspectives on drivers of and responses to global climate change, Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Clim. Chang. 10 (2019) 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.554.   DOI
66 A.O. Acheampong, S. Adams, E. Boateng, Do globalization and renewable energy contribute to carbon emissions mitigation in Sub-Saharan Africa? Sci. Total Environ. 677 (2019) 436-446, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.353.   DOI
67 X. Tian, M. Chang, C. Lin, H. Tanikawa, China's carbon footprint: a regional perspective on the effect of transitions in consumption and production patterns, Appl. Energy 123 (2014) 19-28, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.02.016.   DOI
68 R. Ulucak Danish, How do environmental technologies affect green growth? Evidence from BRICS economies, Sci. Total Environ. 712 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136504.   DOI
69 Y. Cai, C. Yan, T. Chang, Nexus between clean energy consumption , economic growth and CO2 emissions, J. Clean. Prod. 182 (2018) 1001-1011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.035.   DOI
70 S. Nazlioglu, F. Lebe, S. Kayhan, Nuclear energy consumption and economic growth in OECD countries: cross-sectionally dependent heterogeneous panel causality analysis, Energy Pol. 39 (2011) 6615-6621, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.08.007.   DOI
71 S. Saint Akadiri, A.A. Alola, A.C. Akadiri, The role of globalization, real income, tourism in environmental sustainability target. Evidence from Turkey, Sci. Total Environ. 687 (2019) 423-432, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.139.   DOI
72 R. Ulucak, Danish, N. Li, The nexus between economic globalization and human development in Asian countries: an empirical investigation, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. (2019), https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07224-1.   DOI
73 K. Saidi, M. Ben Mbarek, Nuclear energy, renewable energy, CO2 emissions, and economic growth for nine developed countries: evidence from panel Granger causality tests, Prog. Nucl. Energy 88 (2016) 364-374, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PNUCENE.2016.01.018.   DOI
74 S. Wu, S. Li, Y. Lei, L. Li, Temporal changes in China's production and consumption-based CO2 emissions and the factors contributing to changes, Energy Econ. 89 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.104770.   DOI
75 L. Wang, X. Vinh, M. Shahbaz, A. Ak, Globalization and carbon emissions : is there any role of agriculture value-added , financial development , and natural resource rent in the aftermath of COP21, J. Environ. Manag. 268 (2020), 110712, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110712.   DOI
76 M. Salahuddin, J. Gow, M.I. Ali, M.R. Hossain, K.S. Al-Azami, D. Akbar, A. Gedikli, Urbanization-globalization-CO2 emissions nexus revisited: empirical evidence from South Africa, Heliyon 5 (2019), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01974.   DOI
77 I. Ozturk, Measuring the impact of alternative and nuclear energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and oil rents on specific growth factors in the panel of Latin American countries, Prog. Nucl. Energy 100 (2017) 71-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2017.05.030.   DOI
78 S.C. Ilkay, V. Yilanci, R. Ulucak, K. Jones, Technology spillovers and sustainable environment: evidence from time-series analyses with Fourier extension, J. Environ. Manag. 294 (2021), 113033, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2021.113033.   DOI
79 G. Akhmat, K. Zaman, T. Shukui, F. Sajjad, M.A. Khan, M.Z. Khan, The challenges of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution through energy sources: evidence from a panel of developed countries, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 21 (2014) 7425-7435, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-2693-2.   DOI