• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.257-266
• /
• 1987

Investigation on the ability of nitrogen usage by N2-fixing Nostoc muscorum and cultured tobacco cells when they were associately cultured on nitrogen-free media was carried out. Also, effect of polyamines on the associated cultured condition was carried out. In addition, morphological changes of N. muscorum and cultured tobacco cells in associate culture were observed to detect the possibility of induction of nitrogen fixing ability on cultued plant cells. The activity of nitrogenase increased markedly when N. muscorum was grown exclusively on nitrogen-free media. When N. muscorum was cultured associately with cultured tobacco cells on nitrogen-free media containing polyamines, high activity was detected in 10-4 M spermine treated group. Investigation on the change of polyamine amounts showed two times increase in spermidine and eight times increase in spermine on a associate culture. These effects of associated culture were shown through morphological change such as dense loclization of N. muscorum around the cultured tobacco cells as well as inside the cells. These results indicate the viability of N. muscorum in cultured tobacco cells and possible induction of nitrogen fixation ability by symbiosis.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 1986

An experimental system for the possibility of association between cultured plant cells and a cyanobacterium (N. muscorum) was investigated. The association was established in nitrogen-free medium, and nitrogen source was provided by N. muscorum through its own nitrogen fixation. N. muscorum was distributed on the outer part and intercellular spaces of the cultured plant cells. Polyamines were treated to the nitrogen-free medium to improve the association. Polyamines increased nitrogenase activity and protein amount in the association between N. muscorum and the cultured plant cells, as compared to the association without polyamines. Especially, spermine showed an increasing effect on the nitrogenase activity and the protein content in the association of tobacco and N. muscorum, while spermidine showed similar effect in case of soybean and N. muscorum.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.31-35
• /
• 1991

질소고정능이 있는 N. muscorum과 담배 배양세포의 혼합배양시 질소원을 제거한 배지에 polyamine을 첨가하여 배양조건을 개선하였다. 그리고, 단백질 조성 아미노산을 조사하여 N. muscorum과 혼합배양하여 담배 배양세포의 아미노산 함량변화를 조사한 결과 총 아미노산 및 메티오닌의 함량이 상당히 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 $10^{-3}\;M$ spermine을 처리한 배지에 혼합배양한 세포에서 메티오닌 등이 현저하게 증가하였으며, N. muscorum의 질소고정으로 혼합배양한 담배 배양세포의 단백질 조성 아미노산이 상당히 증가되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제20권11호
• /
• pp.1506-1512
• /
• 2010

The present study examined the salinity-induced oxidative damage and differential response of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants of Nostoc muscorum. As compared with carotenoid content that showed induction, the chlorophyll and phycocyanin contents were inhibited after salt stress. Acceleration of lipid peroxidation and peroxide production suggested the onset of oxidative damage. The activities of all studied enzymatic antioxidants were significantly increased by salt stress, with maximum induction occuring with superoxide dismutase (154.8% at 200 mM NaCl treatment). Interestingly, under severe stress condition (250 mM NaCl), ascorbate peroxidase seemed to be more crucial than catalase for peroxide scavenging. Among the studied nonenzymatic antioxidants, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol was induced maximally (56.0%); however, ascorbate and reduced glutathione were increased by only 8.9% after 250 mM NaCl treatment as compared with control cells. Therefore, salinity was found to induce the antioxidative defense system of N. muscorum.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 1990

부질소 1-B5 배지에서 단독 배양한 담배 배양세표의 nitrate reductase 활성은 1-B5 배지에서 배양한 담배 배양세포에 비해 50% 이상 감소되었으나 $10^{-4}$ sper-mine 처리구에서는 그 활성이 가장 증가되었으며, N.muscorum파 혼합 배양시 그 활성이 현저히 증가한 반면 polyamine은 거의 영향을 미치지 않았다. Glutamate dehydrogenase 는 혼합 배양시 담배 배양세포플 단독 배양하였플 때보다 약 4배 감소 되었으며, glutamate synthas$\xi$의 활성은 $10^{-4}M$ spermlne 처리구에서 혼합 배양 하였을 때 그 활성이 가장 높았다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.544-551
• /
• 2003

Interactive effects of UV-B and Cd on growth, pigment, photosynthesis, and lipid peroxidation have been studied in Anabaena, Microcystis, and Nostoc; all the tested cyanobacteria showed differential sensitivity to different dosage of UV-B and Cd alone as well as in combination. Phycocyanin was severely affected by UV-B and Cd by all the strains; the degree of pigment bleaching was most pronounced in Anabaena followed by Microcystis and Nostoc. $UV-B_2+Cd_2$ produced nearly 83, 78, and 65% inhibition of phycocyanin in Anabaena, Microcystis, and Nostoc, respectively. The above treatment also significantly decreased the contents of Chl ${\alpha}$ and carotenoid. Presence of capsule in Microcystis protected the phycocyanin bleaching as compared to decapsulated cells. Laboratory-grown Microcystis revealed about 75 and 80% inhibition, following $UV-B_2+Cd_2$ treatment, respectively. in capsulated and decapsulated cells. Damage caused by Cd was more pronounced than UV-B. Inhibition of photosynthesis did occur in all the test strains, being maximum in Anabaena. PS II was the most sensitive component of the electron transport chain, showing 84, 80, and 70% inhibition in Anabaena, Microcystis, and Nostoc, respectively. As compared to control, significant lipid peroxidation (6.5-fold higher) was observed in Anabaena with $UV-B_2+Cd_2$, $^{14}C-uptake$ was more susceptible to Cd and Uv-B than oxygen-evolution. Approximately 84, 80, and 76% inhibition of $^{14}C-uptake$ was observed in Anabaena, Microcystis, and Nostoc, respectively. Similarly, $UV-B_2+Cd_2$ inhibited APT content of Anabaena by 87%. This ,study suggests that inhibition of carbon fixation was due to decreased ATP content of the test cyanobacteria by UV-B+Cd, where Anabaena was the most sensitive and Nostoc the most tolerant.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.157-167
• /
• 2023

Background: The most hazardous wastewater sources in the northern part of the Middle Nile Delta, Egypt; receiving a massive amount of agricultural, industrial, and sewage drainage are Kitchener drain which is one of the tallest drainage systems, and Burullus Lake which represents the 2nd largest Egyptian coastal lake. Results: The current work is to determine the abundance and frequency of cyanophytes, chlorophytes, and bacillariophytes and the correlation between them and environmental abiotic components. Among sixty nine microalgal species, 19 species are belong Cyanophyta, 26 belong Chlorophyta and 24 belong Bacillariophyta. Genus Scenedesmus (Chlorophyta) was the most abundant in the study area (13 species), followed by Genus Oscillatoria (9 species) and Genus Navicula (7 species). Nostoc muscorum and Chlorella vulgaris were the most common and recorded in all sites (100% of the locations) under study. The application of the two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended correspondence analysis revealed agglomerating of 4 groups (communities) at 4th level of classification and reasonable segregation between these groups. Zinc, cadmium and lead were showed the highest levels (0.26±0.03, 0.26±0.06, and 0.17±0.01 ppm, respectively). Conclusions: The correlation analysis between water and community variables indicated a high negative correlation of total algae richness with nickel (r = -0.936, p < 0.01). Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta were correlated negatively (r = -0.842, p < 0.01). However, Chlorophyta showed a negative richness with each of Ni and Pb (r = -0.965, -0.873, respectively) on one hand and a high positive correlation was revealed (r = 0.964) with all environmental variables on the other hand.