• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.396-405
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of obesity and depression level of obese children on body weight control program. The body weight control program included nutrition education, psychotherapy and exercise for weekly session during 9 months. The results from this study were as follows. A total of 27 obese children participated in this study. The average age of children was 11.7 years, 70% of children had regular exercise. Average exercise time was 1.2 hours and watching television time was 1.8 hours. Children's serum composition were within normal ranges. Rohrer index(RI) was significantly decreased to 163 from 167(p<0.001) and BMI was significantly decreased to 23.9 from 24.5(p<0.01) after body weight control program. There was not significant difference in depression score after body weight control program and there was not significant correlation between obesity and depression level. The response tendency of depression items indicated obese children had negative depression feelings and couldn't have hopeful mind to the future. But there were significant increase(p<0.05) in depression and hopeful mind in factor analysis. The suggestion and limitations of this study were discussed. These results suggest that body weight control program including nutrition education, exercise and psychotherapy may be effective for helping obese children.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.186-198
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• 2007

Purpose : Postnatal depression is a major public health problem. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between Edinburgh postnatal depression scale and Heart rate variability in the Early Postpartum. Methods : The subjects were 33 women who admitted for postpartum treatment in Hospital of Woosuk University from 13th October to 8th December 2006. 33 women filled out an EPDS, general questionnaire and then they took the test of Heart rate variability at 3th day after normal spontaneous vaginal delivery. We studied the results to investigate the relation between EPDS and HRV. Results: 1. Mean age of risk group of depression is larger than non-risk group. 2. SDNN, RMSSD and SDSS of non-risk group of depression significantly increased compared with that of risk group. 3. Ln(TP), Ln(HF) of non-risk group of depression significantly increased compared with that of risk group. Conclusion : The results suggest that there were significant differences on HRV between risk group and non-risk group of early postpartum depression examined by EPDS.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.161-170
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• 2019

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effects of a thoracic flexibility exercise program on pain, heart rate variability (HRV), and depression in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods : Fifty patients with chronic low back pain participated in this study. Each participant performed a pre-test and post-test. The outcome measures evaluated were a visual analog scale, HRV test results (automatic activity, standard deviation normal to normal [SDNN], low frequency [LF], high frequency [HF], and LF/HF ratio), and the Beck Depression Inventory. Patients underwent conventional physiotherapy for 35 minutes per session. In addition, a thoracic flexibility exercise program (trunk rotation exercise, McKenzie exercise, and supine thoracic extension exercise) were performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Results : After the training period, the visual analog scale results showed a significant decrease in the post-test compared to the pre-test. Automatic activity, SDNN, LF, HF, and LF/HF ratio significantly increased in the post-test compared to the pre-test. The Beck depression inventory results significantly decreased in the post-test compared to the pre-test. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that a thoracic flexibility exercise program improves a visual analog scale, HRV (automatic activity, SDNN, LF, HF, and LF/HF ratio), and the Beck Depression Inventory in patients with chronic low back pain.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

Objective : The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy and safely of Hwangryunhaedok-tang Pharmacopuncture (HHT-PA) therapy on post-stroke depression (PSD) in stroke patients. Methods : Fifteen PSD patients has been recruited and evaluated with liver function test (LFT) and renal function lest (RFT) and depression scales, Beck Depress ion Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) before and after HHT-PA treatment. Results : HAM-D score significantly decreased after HHT-PA treatment regard less of improving of motor function. But BDI score did not decrease significantly. All results of LFT and RFT were in normal range before and after HHT-PA treatment Conclusion : These results showed that HHT-PA decrease PSD symptoms and has safety on stroke patients, although has no effect on improving of motor impairment.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.194-204
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data needed to create more desirable psychological home environment and the prevention and relief of depression by examining the relations between psychological home environment and depression with the subjects of high school students. The study materials included standard questionnaires made up of forty two questions on psychological home environment by Dr. Jeong, Won-sik(1981), twenty one questions on depression indicators by Beck(1969). Collected data were analyzed by using SPSSWIN 10.0 Program through frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The main results of this study were as follows; Out of 210 perfect scores for the psychological home environment of the subjects, the mean was $140.54{\pm}11.21$, opening was $41.02{\pm}5.67$, affection was $37.59{\pm}5.80$, autonomy was $35.45{\pm}4.85$, and achievement was $26.48{\pm}6.79$. The depression of the subjects were slight, showing $13.78{\pm}9.73$, with normal condition (0-9scores) 40.0%, slight depression(10-15scores) 23.3%, mild depression(16-23scores) 20.3%, severe depression(24-63scores) 16.4%. The analyses of the relation between psychological home environment and depression of the subjects reveal that achievement-depression(r=.192, p=.000), opening-depression (r=-.296, p=.000), affection-depression(r=-.377, p=.000), and autonomy-depression(r=-.341, p=.000) has all meaningful relations. In summary, these data can be interpreted that high school students were likely to feel more depressed when they recognized their own home environment as under the burden of achievement, and to feel less depressed when they recognized it as open, affectionate, and autonomous.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.37-51
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• 2001

The clinical study was carried out the 43 patients with Depression who were treated in Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dae Jeon University from 22 February 2000 to 14 November 2001. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The ratio of male and female was 10:33, 60's(32.6%) was frequent, no inducing factor(38.3%) was seen in a lot of cases and many patients came to our hospital by way of west-neuropsychiatry(56.8%). 2. The period of clinical history was frequent from 3 to 10 years(23.2%), the most frequent preceding disease was cardiovascular systemic disease(18.4%). 3. The main clinical symptoms were apprehension alpitation(13.4%), anorexia(9.8%), headache nuchal region stiffness(9.8%), general body weakness(6.5%), chest discomfort(6.5%), dizziness(5.7%), febris(5.3%) and constipation(5.3%). 4. The patient's tongue aspect had pink tongue and empty fur(32.6%) and pulse type had thin and deficient pulse(39.5%). The prescription drugs were Chunggansoyo-san(30.0%), purging liver and alleviating depression to regulate qi, and Guibiondam-tang(15.8%) eliminating phlegm, cooling pericardium and warming gallbladder. 5. The curve was within normal range at Psychoneural system(81.4%), and Visceral system(90.1%). 6. The regulation was Normal(48.1%), RL(27.9%), RR(20.2%) at Psychoneural system and Normal(45.9%), RL(28.5%), RR(20.3%) at Visceral system. 7. Activity and Reactivity had much lower response at 1th, 2th, 3th, 4th, 7th SANGHAN, Polalization had much higher response at 1th, 4th, SANGHAN and much lower response at 2th, 3th, 7th SANGHAN.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.125-137
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• 2001

We investigated the self-concept, subjective depression, and state-trait anxiety of the school boys with learning disabilities(abbr. LD, n=86) and compared them with normal boys(n=52) using Piers-Harris Self-Concept Inventory, Child Depression Inventory(abbr. CDI), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(abbr. STAI). With regard to Piers-Harris Self-Concept Inventory total scores, there was no significant difference between two groups, but normal boys showed higher scores in intellectual and school status, physical appearance, and happiness-satisfaction subscales than patients with LD. The male patients with LD showed significantly higher ratings in CDI total scores, and CDI subscales - ineffectiveness, anhedonia, negative self-esteem than normal children. The patients with LD reported significantly higher state anxiety, but not trait anxiety. Correlation analyses revealed that self-concept decreased over time, and depression-anxiety increased across grades in the patients with LD, but not in normal children. Especially, negative mood, anhedonia, negative self-esteem subscales of CDI, and state-trait anxiety showed significant positive correlation with grades. In both groups, CDI scores were inversely correlated with Piers-Harris Self-Concept and positively with State-Trait anxiety. In conclusion, self-concept problems which were related with school achievement and self-esteem were more abundant in the patients with LD than normal children, self-image problem, depression and anxiety increased across grades. According to regression analysis, age, behavior subscale, intellectual-school status, anxiety, popularity, happiness-satisfaction, CDI-ineffectiveness, interpersonal problem, negative self-esteem, and state anxiety could explain the self-concept in the patients with LD, not in normal children. So, the self-concept of the patients with LD were found to be related to the school achievement and stress when comparing with peers. In conclusion, elementary school boys with LD showed lower self-concept, higher depression and anxiety, and these differences increased across grades. Since the patients with LD have concomitant depression and anxiety disorders, it is important that comorbidity with emotional problems should be explored and managed properly.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.436-446
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate cognitive function, leisure activities and depression in female elderly, to examine the relationships among those variables and to investigate leisure activities and depression according to cognitive function. Methods: The subjects were 105 female elderly visiting two senior citizen centers in Seoul, Korea. Data were collected from November to December 2006. The participants were assured of anonymity and confidentiality. All information was collected through face-to-face interviews using questionnaires. Results: 26.0% of the participants were cognitive impaired but not demented and 17.3% were demented. The level of depression was severe and 77.9% of the subjects were depressed. The subjects were not actively engaging in leisure activities. There were significant correlations between cognitive function, leisure activities and depression in female elderly. Demented or CIND subjects were more actively engaging in extra family fulfillment type leisure activities than normal subjects, Conclusion: These findings showed the need for a program for female elderly regarding leisure activities. When counseling the elderly, nurses must consider their cognitive function, leisure activities and depression.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to the quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis. Methods: A total 116 patients with ulcerative colitis were asked on general characteristics, illness-related characteristics, depression, and quality of life. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: As for depression the 81.03% were normal, the 8.62% were mild depression, the 6.90% were moderated depression, and the 3.45% were severe. As for quality of life, the social functions was highest, followed by intestine-related symptoms, systemic symptoms, and emotional functions. Quality of life was positively correlated to subjective health status, age, and body mass index, and negatively to depression. Main factors affecting the quality of life included depression, subjective health status, physician's global assessment, age, days of loss in social life, and present abdominal pain. Conclusion: Physical and psychosocial health problems related to ulcerative colitis affected the quality of life of the patients. Further research is warranted for developing educational programs and psychosocial strategies in order to efficiently handle the illness.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.246-257
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• 2012

Objectives: To compare the self-rated health in chronic disease patients with depression, chronic disease patients, and depression patients, and to observe the related factors to the self-rated health of people age 65 and older. Methods: The subjects were 2,549 elderly people, over 65 years old in Busan Metropolitan City who participated in 2009 community health survey. Association between self-rated health and general characteristics, life style and disease status were observed. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Analysis of complex sample was done with SAS (ver. 9.2), using ${\chi}^2$-test and multiple logistic regression. Results: Among total 2,549, there were 740 normal people (29.8%), 50 people with depression (1.8%), 1,495 people with other chronic diseases (58.2%), and 264 people with the comobidity of depression and other chronic diseases (10.1%). Good self-related health accounted for 20.3% for the whole, 33.4% for normal, 16.7% for chronic disease, 16.1% for depression, and 3.2% for chronic diseases with depression. Disease, gender, education, income, alcohol drinking, regular exercise and regular walking were independent factors associated with the good self-related health. Conclusions: It is suggested that when the chronic disease control program for the elderly is developed, depression care should be considered along with the program. This program should be given priority to the women and the vulnerable classes and should also be related to the regular walking.