• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to compare the relative risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) in middle aged adults with different body weights. 155 subjects living in urban Beijing were recruited from 24 neighborhood committees of urban Beijing. They were divided into normal weight, overweight and obese groups according to their BMIs. The general information of the subjects was collected using an interview-administered questionnaire. Standard procedure was followed to measure subject's weight, height and waist. Biochemical parameters (total cholesterol (TC), low- and high­density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C ; HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and fasting glucose) and blood pressure were also determined. The results indicated that the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C of obese group was lower than that of the normal weight group. Fasting glucose of obese males was significantly higher than that of normal weight males. No significant difference of fasting glucose was found among female groups. No significant difference of TG was found among male groups, while TG of overweight and obese females was both significantly higher than normal weight females. There was no significant difference of TC and LDL-C among normal weight, overweight and obese groups in both males and females. The MS rate of obese males was significantly higher than the normal weight and overweight males, as was the female. The relative risk of MS in obese group was about 11 times higher (OR=11.249, $95\%CI$ = 3.812 - 33.191) than the normal weight group after adjusting for age, gender, smoking, drinking, family economic level and education status. It is concluded that obesity contributed to lower HDL-C, hypertriglyceride, hypertension and MS after controlling the effects of age, gender, socioeconomic status, alcohol drinking and smoking. Obese individuals have a higher risk of having MS than their normal weight counterparts.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.506-515
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• 1991

Serum concentration of selenium were measured ; Studying 36 patients with Hepatoma. 19 with Hepatitis 15 with Liver cirrhosis and 67 Normal control to discover the correlation between serum selenum and cancer. And it have tested also the serum protein and albumin to compare the nutrition status by researching the same persons above The results of those two experiments are as follow : 1) The mean of each group of patients resulting from mearsuing the serum protein content showing 6.91$\pm$0.10g/dl in the patients with hepatoma 7.05$\pm$0.17g/dl in the ones with hepatitis 6.42$\pm$0.13g/dl in the ones with liver cirrhosis and 7.46$\pm$0.06g/dl in the normal control is all being within the normal range such as 6.0-0.8(g/dl) while the distribution is revealin 10.5%, 13.3% in the patients with hepatitis and liver cirrhosis which are below the normal range and 47.2%, 96.9%, 80.0% in the low range of normal one ; therefore in could see that patientsw compared with normal control are in low level in the serum protein content 2) The mean based on the consquence of serum albumin measurement is 3.74$\pm$0.11g/dl. 4.26$\pm$0.13g/dl 4.73$\pm$0.06g/dl in the patients with hepatoma hepatits and normal control which are in between the normal range such as 3.5-5.5(g/dl) except the patients with liver cirrhosis(3/05$\pm$0.12g/dl) while the distribution of the patients with hepatoma an liver cirrhosis is showing 27.8% 73.3% which are below the normal one and 55.5%, 52.6% and 26.7% in the patients with hepatoma hepatits and liver cirrhosis which are in the low area of normal range ; as a result It could find that patients. compared with the normal control are in low level in serum albumin measurement. 3) The mean consulting the serum concentration is 430.86$\pm$26.06$\mu\textrm{g}$/1, 192.37$\pm$18.15$\mu\textrm{g}$/1 186.73$\pm$23.99$\mu\textrm{g}$/1, 196.94$\pm$8.94$\mu\textrm{g}$/1 in the patients with hepatoma hepatitis liver cirrhosis and noramal control ; it shows 2.19 times increasing of serum selenium concentra-tion in the patients with hepatoma 'compared with the normal control and patients with hepatoma spread out at a still higher range in serum selenium concentration test. 4) The serum selenium concentration is not quite dependent on sexes and doesn't show any correlation with age, serum protein, serum albumin. The nutrition status of patients, rested on the results of those experiments, stays in low level, which is caused by that they are in low stage of serum protein and serum albu¬min. In serum selenium concentration, patients with hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, specially, show the condition as good as normal control's; while patients with hepatoma are indicating a significant increasing compared with the three groups, which can be reasoned into that there is a possibility for the patients to take selenium and chemotherapy or radiation treatment, and have high serum selenium concentration by poor excreting of seleno methionine, which is caused by low serum protein content And another thing can be reasoned is that the difference in origination mechanism hetween korean and western people. As a result, It showed that the correlation between serum selenium and seses, age, serum protein, and serum albumin neither exists nor affects on each other.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1994년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.308-310
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• 1994

Position control for robot manipulator may not suffice when any contacts are made between the end-effector and various environments. Therefore interaction forces must be controlled in tasks performed by robot manipulator. In general, there are two types of force control for robot manipulator. One is a stiffness control and the other is a hybrid position/force control. Stiffness control is that environment can be modeled as a spring and utilizes the desired normal force to determine the desired normal position. Hybrid position/force control, however, can be used for robot manipulator to track position and force trajectories simultaneously. This paper will compare the result of the hybrid position/force control method with that of the stiffness control method.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.981-989
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• 2003

The hypoglycemic effects of four edible plants (Angelicae tenuissimae (A. ten.), Pleurospermum kamtschaticum (P. kam.), Adenophora remotiflora (A. rem.) and Zanthoxylum schinifolium (Z. sch.)) in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 190-230 g were induced diabetes mellitus by the STZ injection (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein and were divided into six groups ; normal, STZ-control and four edible plant groups (A. ten., P kam., A. rem. and Z. sch. groups). Normal and STZ-control groups were fed a AIN-93 diet and four groups of STZ-induced diabetic rats were fed one of each experimental diets containing 10％ of the edible plant powder for 4 weeks. Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. In experimental groups except P. kam., AST activities were close to normal. A. ten. group were lowered ALT activities slightly. The plasma glucose levels of the diabetic experimental groups were significantly decreased at 4th week. The plasma insulin levels in diabetic experimental groups were not significantly different compared to the STZ-control group. The liver glycogen levels in STZ injected rats were significantly lower in compared to the normal rats. However no significant differences were found in response experimental plants intake in diabetic rats. The muscle glycogen were not significantly different among all the groups.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1982

To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness and significance of quantitative sacroiliac joint scintigraphy in the assessment of sacroiliitis, we measured Sacroiliac Joint/Sacrum Uptake Ratio(SIS Ratio) by region of interest(ROI) method using $^{99m}Tc-methylene$ diphosphonate. The observed results were as follows: 1. Using ROI method, the SIS ratios for the control group of 65 persons were $1.05{\pm}0.08$(left) and $1.06{\pm}0.07$(right) which were narrower in range than those of slice method $(mean{\pm}S.D.)$. 2. The effects of age, gender and laterality on SIS ratio were not significant. 3. In left side, one of 6 patients with rheumatoid arthritis had SIS ratio in excess of 2 standard deviation of normal control group, and remainder had SIS ratios within normal limit. In right side, 3 patients had SIS ratios in excess of 2 standard deviation of normal control group, and remainder, within normal limit. 4. In both sacroiliac joint, 2 of 3 patients having sacroiliitis clinically with Reiter's syndrome whose pelvis A-P X-ray findings showed normal had high SIS ratios (left/right; 1.31/1.69, 1.90/1.80), but SIS ratio of one patient who had no evidence of sacroiliitis clinically was within normal limit. 5. In 6 patients with ankylosing spondylitis in both sacroiliac joints, 4 whose pelvis A-P Xray findings showed severe sclerotic change of sacroiliac joints had SIS ratio within normal limit or below that of normal control group, and SIS ratios of 2 patients whose pelvis A-P X-ray findings showed were increased. 6. 4 of 5 patients with low back pain of which cause could not be evaluated clinically and radiologically had SIS ratios in excess of that of normal control group. It would be concluded that quantitative sacroiliac joint scintigraphy is useful and sensitive screening method in the diagnosis as well as in the assessment clinical activity of sacroiliitis.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.201-218
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Guibi-Tang(GBT) on focal brain ischemic injury induced by intraluminal filament insertion in rats. Methods : The ischemia was induced by intraluminal filament insertion into middle cerebral artery. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups, normal group(n=8); control group was ischemia induced and no treatment(n=8); GBT 1X group was ischemia induced and administrated 42.2 mg/ml/kg of Guibi-Tang orally(n=8); GBT 3X group was ischemia induced and administrated 126.6 mg/ml/kg of Guibi-Tang orally(n=8); GBT 6X group was ischemia induced and administrated 253.2 mg/ml/kg of Guibi-Tang orally(n=8) for 21 days. mGluR5, Bax, Bcl-2 and cytochrome C were investigated to observe the effects of Guibi-Tang on apoptosis. The effects of Guibi-Tang on neuroprotective/apoptotic agents in cresyl violet, choline acetyltranferase(ChAT) with ischemic injury were investigated. Results : The intensity of mGluR5 mRNA in the hippocampal CA1 was increased in normal and GBT(Guibi-Tang) 1X groups compared with the control group. The intensity of Bax mRNA in the hippocampal CA1 was decreased in normal and GBT 1X groups compared with the control group. However it was increased unexpectedly in GBT 3X group. The intensity of Bcl-2 mRNA in the hippocampal CA1 was increased in normal and GBT 1X groups compared with the control group. The intensity of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the hippocampal CA1 was decreased in normal and GBT 1X groups compared with the control group. The intensity of cytochrome C protein in the hippocampal CA1 was decreased in normal, GBT 1X and GBT 6X groups compared with the control group. The density of neurons stained by cresyl violet and ChAT was increased in normal and GBT 1X groups compared with the control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that Guibi-Tang may have protective effect on vascular dementia.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2003

This study investigates the effects of a raw diet (RD) on blood glucose and lipid metabolism in non-diabetic (normal) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley vats were assigned to four groups (normal control, normal RD, diabetic control, and diabetic RD), for the four-week experimental period. The control groups were fed the AIN diet and the RD groups were fed a diet consisting only of raw materials. Weight gain was statistically lower in the RD group than the control. fasting plasma glucose was significantly lower in the diabetic RD group compared to the diabetic control group. The levels of triglycerides (TG), and of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-cholesterol in the plasma, were lower in the RD groups than the control groups, but not significantly. There was a statistically significant decrease in the levels of TG and TC in the livers of the diabetic RD group, compared to the diabetic control group. The fecal levels of total lipids, TG, and TC were significantly higher in the RD groups, compared to the non-RD groups. It can be postulated that this raw diet may possess substantial hypoglycemic/hypolipidemic properties in diabetic rats.

• 기술사
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.19-32
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• 1988

Whereas is non-symmetrical distribution manufacturing process the traditional X-chart by Shewhart is not plotted relatively on the central line but plotted on the skew of upper-hand side or lower-hand side. That is to say, for the purpose of producing either upper-specification-oriented items or lower-specification-oriented items, and when we carry out tighter control so as to have them pass only its specifications, the distribution shape naturally has a non-normal distribution. In the Shewhart X-chart, which is the most widely used one in Korea, such skewed distributions make tile plots to be inclined below or above the central line or outside the control limits although no assignable causes can be found. To overcome such short comings is non-normally distributed processes, a distribution-free type of confidence interval can be used, which should be haled on order statistics. This thesis is concerned with the design of control chart based on a sample median which is easy to use in practical situation and therefore properties for non-normal distributions, such as Gamma, Beta, Lognormal, Weibull, Pareto, and Truncated-normal distributions, may be easily analyzed. To enhance this improvement, I proved the property of practical applications of control chart method by comparing and analyzing the case studies of practical application of special purpose control chart method, and also by introducing the new designed median control chart.

• 분석과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.895-900
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• 1995

Urinary free and acetylated polyamine profiles have been investigated for their potential usefulness as biochemical markers of cancer in a control of group comprised of healthy volunteers (32 cases) and patients with various types of cancers(48 cases). The nine (5 free and 4 acetylated) endogeneous polyamines were simultaneously determined by a sensitive capillary gas chromatography/nitrogen-phosphorus detector (GC/NPD). The newly modified (simple and convenient) method was developed and the compounds were isolated by adsorption onto silica gel and derivatized by heptafluorobutyric anhydride to enhance their specificity on gas chromatograms. The good quality-control data were obtained through the precision and accuracy test and the recovery range of them was 48.6 ~ 101.2 %. The Korean reference values of urinary polyamines were established and significant differences were found in cancer patients compared with normal subjects. Also, to eliminate subject variations, precursors to product concentration ratios were compared between cancer patients and control group. The ratios of both putrescine to spermidine and total (free plus acetylated) putrescine to total spermidine were significantly greater in cancer patients than in normal subjects.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.35-46
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• 1994

The purposes of this study were 1) to determine the relationship between antigravity control(supine flexion and prone extension) and postural control(static and dynamic balance) by age, 2) to determine the quality of antigravity and postural control, and 3) to determine whether sex difference correlates with differences in antigravity and postural control in young normal children. We tested 120 children aged 4 to 7 years. The study results showed a significant relationship between antigravity and postural control by age. Quality scale measurements(r=0.90) indicated that the children in this study had not yet developed full antigravity or postural control. The study results revealed differences between sexes(f>m in 5 of 7 tests) and a significant relationship by age in antigravity and postural control.