• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.296-303
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• 2022

Objective: In general, macular degeneration, cataracts and glaucoma generally cause visual injury in clinical settings. This study aimed to examine the effects of low visual acuity simulations on hand manual dexterity function and brainwaves in healthy young adults. Design: Cross-sectional study design Methods: This study was an observational, cross-sectional study. Seventy healthy young adults participated in this study. To evaluate the effects of low visual acuity simulations on hand function and brain waves, this study involved four different visual conditions including (1) normal vision, (2) simulated cataracts, (3) simulated glaucoma, and (4) simulated macular degeneration. The hand function was measured to use the Minnesota manual dexterity test (MMDT), and the brainwaves was also measured to use the electroencephalography. Results: In hand function, placing and turning performance on the MMDT in the normal visual condition was significantly different than that in the cataract and macular degeneration conditions (p<0.05), and the placing performance was significantly differred in the normal condition than that in the simulated glaucoma. However, turning was not significantly different in the normal condition than that in the simulated glaucoma. The alpha, beta, and gamma waves did not significantly differ among the four visual conditions (p>0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that limited visual information negatively affects the ability to perform tasks requiring arm-hand dexterity and eye-hand coordination. However, the effectiveness of low visual acuity on the brainwaves should be further studied for rehabilitative evidence of visual impairment.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.466-471
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• 2003

The characteristics of a rock joint which influence the stability of rock mass structures, such as the cut slopes and the tunnels, are largely controlled by the conditions of the rock joint as well as its boundary conditions. Boundary conditions can be represented by assuming that the deformability(or stiffness) of the rock mass surrounding the joints is modelled by a spring with stiffness. A new direct shear apparatus is developed in this study, which adapts a servo control system using PID algorithm. This apparatus can be used to investigate the various aspects of shear characteristics of the rock joints at conditions of constant normal stress and constant normal stiffness and so on. It is possible that the behavior under the constant normal stiffness condition can be predicted by the normalized graphic method with results obtained from the tests in the constant normal stress condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.448-451
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• 2000

Normal zone propagation(NZP) characteristics were investigated on Ag sheathed Bi-2223 tape and cylindrical stacked conductor. Normal zone propagation(N2P) experiments with tape were conducted with refrigerator in temperature from 45 K to 77 K, 0 T. Cylindrical stacked conductor was molding with epoxy and experiments were conducted with adiabatic condition in $LN_2$. NZP velocities of tape with two condition of DC and AC were almost same at each temperature. NZP velocities of cylindrical stacked conductor were 1.9-2.4 cdsec in $LN_2$. Numerical analysis was carried out by a one-dimensional heat balance equation. As a result, simulated results of NZP velocity with Bi-2223 tape were similar to experimental results in DC.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1869-1873
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the amount of physical activity between young children with mental retardation and young children with normal condition using accelerometer. Six children (three children with retardation and other three children with normal condition) were selected as a subject on this research. And measurement of this research was done with the following items;(1)numpeaks accelerometer transverse; PAT, (2) numpeaks accelerometer longitudinal;PAL, (3)heat flux average original rate; HFA, (4) steps per minute(SPM), (5)GSR average. The amount of physical activity for young children with mental retardation shows that they move less that young children with normal condition; young children with mental retardation (PAT-$2.94{\pm}0.60$, PAL-$4.97{\pm}0.650$, young children with normal condition(PAT-$4.50{\pm}0.95$, and PAL-$6.05{\pm}0.87$). This suggests that young children with mental retardation lacks physical ability. And the amount of physical activity for young children with mental retardation was less compared with young children with normal condition. It is concluded that many programs for young children with mental retardation to have more interest and act fast should be introduced and developed in educating young children with mental retardation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.23-26
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• 2007

A preliminary， study of low temperature condition was performed to simulate high altitude condition. The mixed air temperature were investigated at various condition by experiments using cryogenic air by heat exchanger and normal temperature air. An experimental setup was constructed to simulate low temperature condition with liquid nitrogen. To control mass flow rate, orifice and pressure regulators were used. The experimental results show that the mixed air temperature increases linearly with mass flow rate of normal temperature air. Therefore it can be help to simulate a low temperature condition of high altitude.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.131-138
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• 2009

The variable sampling inspection scheme with screening for the purpose of assuring the upper limit of maximum expected surplus loss after inspection has been proposed. In this inspection scheme, it has been assumed that a product lot consists of products manufactured through a single production line and lot quality characteristics follow a normal distribution. In the previous literature with respect to inspection schemes, it has been commonly assumed that lot quality characteristics obey a single normal distribution under the condition that all products are manufactured in the same condition. On the other hand, the production line is designed in order that the workload of respective processes becomes uniform from the viewpoint of line balancing. One of the solutions for the bottleneck process is to arrange the workshops in parallel. The lot quality characteristics from such a production line with the process consisting of some parallel workshops might not follow strictly the single normal distribution. Therefore, we expand an applicable scope of the above mentioned variable sampling inspection scheme with screening in this article. Concretely, we consider the variable sampling inspection with screening for the purpose of assuring the upper limit of average outgoing surplus quality loss in the production lots when the lot quality follows the mixed normal distribution.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.68-73
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• 1985

Normal modes of solids HF, HCl and polyethylene having the exciting spectrometric phenomena have been evaluated by taking the lowest temperature phase of these species in the solid. The solids HF and HCl have the same space group as C$_{2}{\nu}$, and polyethylene has a space group with D$_{2h}$. The normal modes were obtained by the valence force field with modified force constants and a quantitative description of the normal mode is adjusted by the potential energy distribution (PED). From the PED, the most fittable force constants are also obtained. We have intended to calculate the normal modes by using the smallest size of the model and the simple computational process. To remove the edge effects being occurred in constructing the single cluster model, different from the boundary condition being generally used up to now, the idea of pseudolattice method being successfully applied to MO calculations of solid was extended to normal mode analysis in order to give the same environment for all moecules in a chosen cluster. By using the above valence force field and boundary condition, we obtain the assigned frequencies and compare those results with the results obtained by others.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.26 no.5_6
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• pp.1161-1168
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• 2008

We prove a theorem that there exists at least a solution reaching the prescribed target in autonomous differential inclusion. A weak invariance theorem is obtained from this theorem as its corollary. To deduce the conclusion, we assume that the target satisfies inward pointing condition. This condition will be given by proximal normal cone.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.309-317
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• 1997

A sequential procedure for estimating a linear function of two normal means which satisfies the two requirements, i.e. one is a condition of coverage probability, the other is a condition of $\beta$-protection, is proposed when the variances are unknown and not necessarily equal. We give asymptotic behaviors of the proposed stopping time.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.29 no.3_4
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• pp.901-908
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• 2011

In this paper, we establish a sharp condition of global existence for the solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with an angular momentum rotational term. This condition is related to the ground state solution of some steady-state nonlinear Schrodinger equation.