• Title/Summary/Keyword: Nordic walking

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Comparative Analysis of Nordic Walking and Normal Gait Based on Efficiency (노르딕 워킹과 일반 보행의 효율성 비교 분석)

  • Kim, Ro-Bin;Cho, Joon-Haeng
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.365-372
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study were to analyze the changes in kinematic and kinetic parameters and to find biomechanical benefits of Nordic Walking and normal gait performed under the same velocity. Nine participants(age: $26.73{\pm}3.28$ year, height: $182.45{\pm}4.62\;cm$, weight: $76.59{\pm}6.84\;kg$) was chosen. The velocity of gait was set by 5.75 km/h which was made by a Nordic Walking professional. The data were collected by using VICON with 8 cameras to analyze kinematic variables with 200 Hz and force platform to analyze kinetic variables with 2000 Hz. The results of this study were as follows. First, when compared with Normal gait, Nordic Walking group showed decreased Plantarflexion angle and ROM. Second, Nordic Walking group showed decreased knee flexion angle and ROM. Third, Nordic Walking group showed increased hip joint movement. Fourth, Nordic Walking group showed higher active GRF but decreased loading rate from delayed Peak Vertical GRF time and increased impulse. Fifth, Nordic Walking group showed longer ground contact time. Through this study, we found that Nordic Walking showed higher stability and efficiency during gait than normal gait and that Nordic Walking may help people who have walking difficulties.

EFFECTS OF NORDIC WALKING ON TIBIALIS ANTERIOR MUSCLE FATIGUE (노르딕 워킹이 앞정강근 피로도에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Yang-Hun
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.62-67
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate tibialis anterior muscle fatigue through a Nordic walking when using pole. Methods: This study subject was 38 people who were twenties and randomly assigned to a control group with standard walking and Nordic walking group with Nordic walking. All subjects examined muscle fatigue with surface EMG and visual analogue scale for fatigue. The data were analyzed with SPSS window 18.0 program using ANCOVA. Results: The results were of a significant changes to the both tibialis anterior fatigue(p<0.01). The visual fatigue scales weren't significant difference. Conclusion: It was found that Dool-re-gil (Mt. Ji-Ri) was effective for muscle fatigue during walking, and it appears that it could be used clinically. So it is anticipated that improvement in clinical utilization for the people who's through a Nordic walking when using pole.

Effect of Nordic Walking on Depression and Physical Function in the Elderly with High-Risk of Depression

  • An, Tae-Geun;Lee, Han-Suk;Park, Sun-Wook;Seon, Hee-Chang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.11-20
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    • 2020
  • PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of Nordic walking on depression and the physical function of elderly patients with a high risk of depression. METHODS: This study was a blinded randomized allocation study; 32 elderly were assigned to a Nordic walking group (n = 17), consisting of 60 min Nordic walking (including warming up 5 min, warming down 5 min, and Nordic walking 50 min) two days per week for 12 weeks and general leisure group (n = 15), consisting of 60 min leisure program community center. The pre and post 12-week program, depression test, muscle strength (including grip test, and 30sec sit to stand), and balance (including Functional Reach test, and One Leg Standing test) were measured. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare within the group, and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare between the groups. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, only the Nordic walking group showed significant improvement in depression, muscle strength, and balance (p < .05). In the general leisure group, however, the left grip strength and Functional Reach Test (FRT) showed a significant decrease. The Nordic walking program was better than the general leisure group, and a significant difference was observed in depression, muscle strength, and balance between the two groups (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Nordic walking was effective for the elderly with a high risk of depression. Therefore, Nordic walking may be an option for preventing elderly mental disorders and functional improvement.

The Study of HR and Energy Expenditure Change according to Walking Types (걷기유형에 따른 심박수 및 에너지소비량 변화에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, hyung-kook
    • Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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    • 2009.05a
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    • pp.405-409
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    • 2009
  • There are many types of walking exercise. We have choice the way according to the walking exercise purpose. Nordic walking(NW) is one of walking types with nordic poles. Also, power walking(PW) has motion of large swing the arm in walking, and dumbbell walking(DW) way is walking with 3-pound dumbbell. This study compared the physiological response(heart rate, energy expenditure) of general walking(GW) to another types(nordic, power, and 3-pound hand weights walking way). Seven apparently male health volunteers between the ages 19 and 24 years participated. Each complete a treadmill test. The tests were assigned randomly, as submaximal walking trials on separate days. Each walking trial was conducted on a level treadmill, for 40 minutes(3-5mile/hour 5min warm-up, 6mile/hour speed for 15min walking and 7mile/hour speed for 15min Jogging exercise, and 5-3mile/hour cool down 5min), at an same pace. Heart rate in beats per minute(bpm), and energy expenditure in kcal per minute(kcal/min) were recorded each minute. Results between trials were compared using repeated measures analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests. In slow walking, it was found that walking with 3-pound hand weight way resulted in and average of ($127.8{\pm}8.27bpm$) the highest score HR, Caloric expenditure($85.4{\pm}14.51kcal/min$), responses compared to regular walking way($117.4{\pm}7.27bpm$ and $70.4{\pm}10.99kcal/min$). Nordic walking way($121.4{\pm}11.74bpm$, and $77.0{\pm}16.83kcal/min$) is second, power walking way($118.5{\pm}9.98bpm$, and $68.7{\pm}20.62kcal/min$) is next. In fast walking, it was found that walking way with 3-pound hand weight resulted in and average of ($160.1{\pm}8.72bpm$) the highest score HR, caloric expenditure($126.1{\pm}13.86kcal/min$), responses compared to regular walking way($148.4{\pm}11.94bpm$, and $109.0{\pm}4.70kcal/min$). Nordic walking way($156.7{\pm}10.82bpm$, and $113.5{\pm}14.51kcal/min$) is second, power walking way($149.7{\pm}12.56bpm$, and $109.2{\pm}17.64kcal/min$) is next. Thus, it is the unavoidable conclusion that, comparing with general walking, 3-pound hand weight walking, nordic walking, and power walking methods have the advantage of high exercise intensity and energy expenditure to meet the purpose of performers without the problem. Furthermore, 3-pound hand weight walking ways were proved to be a useful aerobic exercise method as whole body that achieves high-energy efficiency. To this extent, 3-pound hand weight walking ways can be recommended as a continuous and regulative aerobic exercise for some people.

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Analysis of Changes in Electrical Signals and Ground Reaction Force in Muscles According to Exercise Method

  • Park, Jae-Young;Lee, Jung-Chul;Cheon, Min-Woo;Bae, Jong-Jin
    • Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.298-302
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    • 2017
  • With an increasing aging population and improved standards of living, more attention has been paid to health. Although walking exercise is known as an aerobic exercise, it imposes repeated and continuous impacts on the joints of the lower extremities. Therefore, when overweight gives a burden to the lower extremity or there is a joint disease, exercise limit occurs. The articular cartilage, weakened with age, also makes it difficult for the elderly to perform walking exercises. Accordingly, this study conducted a comparative analysis between regular walking using only the lower extremity and Nordic walking, which has been known as stable. For analysis, electromyography (EMG) was performed and the ground reaction force of the upper and lower extremities were measured in the same exercise. Integrated EMG (iEMG) revealed that the upper extremity muscles were more active in Nordic walking than in regular walking, where lower extremity muscles were relatively more inactive. In addition, when EMG measurements were performed at each measurement point during walking exercise, the pattern was different. Nevertheless, the result was the same as in iEMG. The load that occurs in each exercise was measured using the ground reaction force system. As a result, Nordic walking had a lower load than regular walking. Therefore, it was found that Nordic walking minimized the load on the lower extremities owing to the effect of whole-body exercise and was a safer and more efficient exercise method.

Comparison of Core Muscle Activity and Thickness According to Walking Training Method (워킹 훈련방법에 따른 복부 중심근육 활성도와 근 두께 변화 비교)

  • Lee, H.J.;Kim, Y.T.;Lee, S.J.;Kim, M.S.;Kim, S.H.;Tae, K.S.
    • Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.301-308
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study was to compare core muscle activity and thickness in the abdomen (internal Oblique, IO; External Oblique, EO; Transverse Abdominis, TrA) according to walking training methods. Tests were performed on 20 healthy men who randomly assigned to two groups, divided by Nordic walking (n=10) or Power walking group (n=10). They were performed Nordic walking or Power walking training for 2 weeks that is consistent with each of the assigned groups. Results demonstrated that Nordic walking was more effective than Power walking in improving IO and EO activities. Nordic walking is believed to be useful method for a variety of therapeutic exercise as a stable balance with the stick in addition to normal gait and trunk stability.

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Biomechanical Analysis of Lower Limbs on Speed of Nordic Walking (노르딕워킹의 속도에 따른 하지 관절의 운동역학적인 분석)

  • Yang, Dae-Jung;Lee, Yong-Seon;Park, Seung-Kyu;Kang, Jeong-Il;Lee, Joon-Hee;Kang, Yang-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.383-390
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    • 2011
  • In this study, 26 normal subjects were studied to compare the biomechanical Analysis of Lower Limbs on Speed of Nordic Walking. The biomechanical variables were determined by performing three-dimensional gait analysis, and the measurements items were spatial and temporal parameters; vertical ground reaction force; and moments of the hip, knee, and ankle joints. The purpose of this study based on the speed of Nordic Walking to the vertical ground reaction force and joint moments of each were analyzed. Nordic Walking with poles while being whether this weight is reduced to load, not the improvement of muscle activity by identify Nordic walking is to allow efficient. The results of the analysis were follows. The spatial parameters of step length, stride length significantly increased with increase in velocity(p<0.001). The temporal parameters of step time, stride time, the duration of double support use, and the duration of single support use also significantly decreased with increase in velocity(p<0.001), but cadence significantly increased(p<0.01). Analysis of the changes in ground reaction force revealed that vertical ground reaction force significantly increased at the initial contact and the terminal stance and decreased at the mid stance with increase in velocity(p<0.001). Moments of the hip and knee joints significantly in creased with increase in velocity whereas that of the ankle joint did not. Gait analysis revealed that weight-bearing decreased and moments of the hip and knee joints increased with increase in velocity(p<0.01). The results of this study may help people perform Nordic walking efficiently and Nordic walking can be used in the gait training of people with an abnormal gait.

The Effect of Nordic Walking Exercise on Physical Indicators and Subjective Happiness of the Middle-aged in Rural Area (노르딕 워킹 운동 프로그램이 중년 농촌주민의 신체지표와 주관적 행복감에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Chan Mi;Park, Young Suk
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.65-75
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of regular Nordic walking exercise on the physical indicators and subjective happiness of middle-aged rural residents. Methods: A pretest and posttest design with a non-equivalent control group was conducted. The participants of experimental and control group were each 21 subjects from 40 to 64 years old. The Nordic walking exercise program consisted of 24 sessions which were focused on group exercise, and was conducted three times a week for eight weeks. Results: The experimental group showed significant decreases in body mass index (p=.042), body fat (p<.001), and abdominal fat (p=.026). The experimental group showed significant increases in muscle mass of right lower limb (p=.009) and left lower limb (p=.016) but was not statistically significant in right, left upper limbs and body. On the other hand, the control group showed significant decreases in muscle mass of right upper limb (p=.034), left upper limb (p=.038), and body (p=.034). There were no significant differences in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and subjective happiness between the experimental and the control group. Conclusion: The Nordic walking exercise should be actively encouraged to improve health of the middle-aged in rural area.

The Effects of Nordic Walking on Body Composition and Physical Fitness in Obese Women with Intellectual Disability (비만 지적장애 성인여성의 노르딕워킹이 신체조성 및 체력요인에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Seok-Jin;Kang, Yoo-Seok
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.16 no.9
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    • pp.427-435
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of nordic walking on body composition and physical fitness in obese women with intellectual disability(ID). The subjects in experimental group(n=12) participated in nordic walking program for 12 weeks while those in control group(n=9) was controled not to participate in physical activities. After the training, weight, muscle mass and fat mass% showed significant improvement in experimental group. In physical fitness, strength, balance and coordination in experimental group showed significant improvement. In conclusion, these results suggest that nordic walking can be recommended as an effective intervention program to change body composition and to improve physical fitness in obese women with ID.

Effects of Nordic Walking Exercise on muscular strength, Flexibility, Balance and Pain in Older Woman with Knee Osteoarthritis (노르딕 워킹이 퇴행성 무릎 관절염 노인여성의 근력과 유연성, 균형 및 통증에 미치는 영향)

  • Oh, Yoo-Sung;Kim, Ji-sun;Jang, Woo-Seong
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.1312-1326
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to examine whether the 12-week Nordic walking can improve the physical function and arthritis pain of elderly women with osteoarthritis This study were divided into randomly assigned Nordic Walking Exercise Group (n=9) and Control Group (n=7) for 16 Elderly women diagnosed with Osteoarthritis (age: 73±3.79 year, height: 154.3±4.09 cm). The exercise group used Nordic sticks to carry out 30 minutes of Nordic walking exercise three times a week for 12 weeks, and the kinetic intensity was set at 40-60% of HRR. The control group maintained daily life for the same period. Body composition (weight, percentage body fat, skeletal muscle mass), muscular strength, Flexibility (muscular strength of upper and lower limbs, flexibility of upper and lower limbs), balance ability (static balance, dynamic balance) and pain level were measured as subordinate variables. These indicators were measured twice before and after the exercise program. The study shows that percentage body fat and skeletal muscle mass in the body composition function over 12 weeks of Nordic walking exercise have significant effects after the exercise than before (p=004)(p=.003), and it also shows significant interaction effects between the groups and timings(p=.018)(p=.005). In muscular strength, Flexibility factors, there were significant effects between the groups and timings in the upper limb muscular strength and the lower limb flexibility (p=.009)(p=.036), and a significant difference between the exercise group and the control group(p=.006) in the lower limb muscular strength. In addition, in the upper limb flexibility, there was a more significant difference after the exercise than before(p=.020). There were improvement effects after the exercise than before in the balance ability and the static balance(p=.016), but no difference in the dynamic balance(p>.05). In pain, there was a significant improvement after the exercise than before(p=.022), and a significant difference between the exercise group and the control group(p=.013). In conclusion, the 12-week Nordic walking exercise has positive effects on the body composition functions of the elderly women with Osteoarthritis, and has a positive effect on the improvement of upper limb muscular strength and lower limb flexibility in the health fitness factors. These effects are believed to have contributed effectively to the improvement of the level of pain by contributing to the improvement of physical and motor functions of the elderly women with Osteoarthritis. Therefore, it is considered that Nordic walking exercise, which enhances stability and balance of the patients with Osteoarthritis by using poles, is an effective exercise method for the improvement of the body and motor functions by lowering the pain of the joints and reducing the muscular strength and percentage body fat.