• Wind and Structures
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.451-469
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• 2010

The majority of weather-related failures of transmission line structures that have occurred in the past have been attributed to high intensity localized wind events, in the form of tornadoes and downbursts. A numerical scheme is developed in the current study to assess the performance of transmission lines under tornado wind load events. The tornado wind field is based on a model scale Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis that was conducted and validated in a previous study. Using field measurements and code specifications, the CFD model data is used to estimate the wind fields for F4 and F2 full scale tornadoes. The wind forces associated with these tornado fields are evaluated and later incorporated into a nonlinear finite element three-dimensional model for the transmission line system, which includes a simulation for the towers and the conductors. A comparison is carried between the forces in the members resulting from the tornadoes, and those obtained using the conventional design wind loads. The study reveals the importance of considering tornadoes when designing transmission line structures.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.117-134
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• 2008

An experimental and numerical research was conducted to gain a deeper insight on the structural behaviour of deep-beams with indirect supports and to assess the size effects in the ultimate state behaviour. The experimental campaign focused on the influence of the reinforcement tie distribution height on the compression check of the support region and on the benefits of using unbonded prestressing steel. Three reduced scale specimens were tested and used to validate the results obtained with a nonlinear finite element model. As a good agreement could be found between the numerical and the experimental results, the numerical model was then further used to perform simulations in large scale deep-beams, with dimensions similar to the ones to be adopted in a practical case. Two sources of size effects were identified from the simulation results. Both sources are related to the concrete quasi-brittle behaviour and are responsible for increasing failure brittleness with increasing structural size. While in the laboratory models failure occurred both in the experimental tests as well as in the numerical simulations after reinforcement yielding, the numerically analysed large scale models exhibited shear failures with reinforcement still operating in the elastic range.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.405-419
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• 2007

This paper presents the development of some numerical models based on the results of laboratory tests performed on axially loaded RC columns strengthened with steel angles and strips. These numerical models consider the nonlinearity of the building materials and the effects of the contact interfaces between different materials. The results of the finite element models accurately describe the general behaviour of the strengthened columns. This study allows engineers to assess the relative importance of the mechanisms acting on the strengthened RC columns. Constructive recommendations are also provided in this paper.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 이전에 구조시험[3]을 실시하였던 압축하중을 받는 샌드위치 패널 시편에 대한 구조 해석을 수행하였다. 구조 해석을 위해 세 가지 방식의 유한요소 모델링을 고려하였으며, 각각의 유한요소 모델을 이용해 선형좌굴해석과 비선형해석을 수행하였다. 이를 통해, 복합재 샌드위치 패널의 압축 좌굴 하중의 정확한 예측을 위해서는 면재는 쉘요소로 심재는 솔리드 요소로 모델링하는 것이 적절함을 확인하였다. 이것은 전체 샌드위치를 쉘요소로 하는 경우, 심재의 국부적인 crushing 효과와 심재의 전단 강성의 영향을 고려할 수 없기 때문이다. 만일 샌드위치 패널이 좌굴 하중 보다 면재의 재료 파손이 더 취약한 경우, 면재의 재료 파손 하중 및 파손 위치의 정확한 예측을 위해서는 샌드위치를 두께 방향으로 한 개의 쉘 요소로 모델링 하는 것이 적절하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.233-242
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• 1999

In the present study, the elasto-plastic analysis of prismatic plate structures subjected to pure bending is carried out using the finite strip method. The end cross-sections of the structure are assumed to remain plane during deformation, and the compatibility along corner lines is ensured by choosing proper displacement functions. The effects of both the initial geometrical imperfections and residual stresses due to fabrication are included in the combined geometrically and materially nonlinear simulation. The von-Mises yield criterion and the Prandtl-Reuss flow theory of plasticity are applied in modelling the elasto-plastic behavior of material. Newton-Raphson iterations are carried out as the rotation of the end cross sections of the structure is increased step by step. The parameter representing the overall axial strain of structure is adjusted constantly during the iteration process in order to eliminate the resulting overall axial force on any cross-section of the structure in correspondence with the assumption of zero axial force in pure bending. Several numerical examples are presented to validate the present method and to investigate the effects of some material and geometrical parameters.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.205-212
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• 1996

본 논문은 경계요소법에 의한 콘크리트의 진행성 파괴해석과 연화거동 해석시 발생하는 불안정 거동을 규명하는 연구이다. 파괴가 일어나는 콘크리트에 작용하는 최대하중을 구하고 콘크리트의 균열 성장에 따른 비선형거동을 예측하기 위하여 균열선단의 브리징 영역에 Dugdale-Barenblatt형 모델을 사용하였으며, 브리징 영역의 인장연화 상태를 선형인장연화 곡선을 사용하여 모델링하였다. 경계요소법을 사용하였으며 콘크리트의 파괴진행을 해석하기 위하여 변위 및 표면력 경계적분방정식으로부터 균열을 포함한 연속체의 균열 경계적분방정식을 정식화하였으며, 콘크리트 보와 인장시편에 대하여 진행성 파괴해석을 실시하였다. 또한 콘크리트의 진행성 파괴해석에 자유응력균열의 성장 및 진행을 고려하지 않음으로서 발생하는 불안정 연화거동을 제거하는 수치해석기법을 제시하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.216-223
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• 1996

The active power factor control AC/DC converter needs a current loop compensator to obtain better dynamic characteristics and power factor performance, but the optimal design of a current loop compensator is difficult because the AC/DC converter is a nonlinear system having periodically varying poles and zeros. The predictive current control scheme generates a control input using the dynamic equations of the AC/DC converter so that the dynamic of the AC/DC converter is included in the controller and the necessary bandwidth and the gain characteristics of the current control loop are satisfied. And as a result, a compensator becomes unnecessary and the current loop shows the improved current loop characteristics. In this paper, a power factor controller without current loop compensator by adopting a predictive current control scheme is designed and the designed power factor controller is modelled by using a small signal perturbation modelling technique, and simulated to investigate its small signal characteristics. A 200 W power factor control AC/DC converter is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed power factor controller.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-55
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• 2013

An important issue in the design of soil-nailing systems, as long-term retaining walls, is to assess their stability during seismic events. As such, this study is aimed at simulating the dynamic behavior and failure pattern of nailed structures using two series of numerical analyses, namely dynamic time history and pseudo-static. These numerical simulations are performed using the Finite Difference Method (FDM). In order to consider the actual response of a soil-nailed structure, nonlinear soil behaviour, soil-structure interaction effects, bending resistance of structural elements and construction sequences have been considered in the analyses. The obtained results revealed the efficiency of both analysis methods in simulating the seismic failure mechanism. The predicted failure pattern consists of two sliding blocks enclosed by three slip surfaces, whereby the bottom nails act as anchors and the other nails hold a semi-rigid soil mass. Moreover, it was realized that an increase in the length of the lowest nails is the most effective method to improve seismic stability of soil-nailed structures. Therefore, it is recommended to first estimate the nails pattern for static condition with the minimum required static safety factor. Then, the required seismic stability can be obtained through an increase in the length of the lowest nails. Moreover, placement of additional long nails among lowest nails in existing nailed structures can be considered as a simple retrofitting technique in seismic prone areas.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to estimate the critical flood discharge and flash flood trigger rainfall for alarm system providing for a flash flood in mountainous area. The flash flood need non-linear approaching method, because rainfall-runoff is nonlinear and it is difficult to explain the existing linear rainfall-runoff. Hydrological characteristics would be utilized to apply such as hydrologic modelling or basin management. This study was effectively estimated a topographic characteristic factor of basin using the GIS. Especially, decided stream order using GIS at stream order decision that is important for input variable of GCIUH. A flash floods defined as a flood which follows shortly after a heavy or excessive rainfall event, with a few hours. In this study, we gave a definition that a critical flood for alarm is the flood when valley depth judging dangerous depth is over 0.5m depth from the bottom of channel. Result that calculate threshold discharge to use GCIUH, at the Mureung valley basin, flash flood trigger rainfall was 16.34mm in the first 20minutes when the threshold discharge was $14.54m^3/sec$.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.416-419
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• 2009

The widely used control theory based design of PI family controllers fails to perform satisfactorily under-parameter variation, nonlinear or load disturbance. In high performance applications, it is useful to automatically extract the complex relation that represent the drive behaviour. The use of loaming through example algorithms can be a powerful tool for automatic modelling variable speed drives. They can automatically extract a functional relationship representative of the drive behavior. These methods present some advantages over the classical ones since they do not rely on the precise knowledge of mathematical models and parameters. The paper proposes high performance speed and current control of synchronous reluctance motor(SynRM) drive using adaptive loaming mechanism-fuzzy neural network (ALM-FNN) and fuzzy logic control(FLC) controller. The proposed controller is developed to ensure accurate speed and current control of SynRM drive under system disturbances and estimation of speed using artificial neural network(ANN) controller. Also, this paper proposes the analysis results to verify the effectiveness of the ALM-FNN and ANN controller.