• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.539-547
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to determine the effects of aromatherapy on anxiety and discomfort for patients who were having colonoscopy. Methods: The study used a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The participants were 48 people who were undergoing colonoscopy in a university hospital. The experimental group inhaled a blend of essential oil with neroli, camomile, lavender and lemon through an aroma stone for 5minutes before the examination. Then the aroma stone was put on the side of the pillow to spread the aroma scent in the room. The experimental group could inhale the aroma scent as soon as they came into the room and during the examination process. The control group received only fundamental nursing care. Results: Aromatherapy significantly decreased VAS anxiety. There were also significant differences in facial change and, tone change for objective discomfort. But there were no significant differences in subjective discomfort between the groups nor were there any significant differences in vital signs. Conclusion: Aromatherapy was perceived as an useful intervention to reduce anxiety and objective discomfort of patients receiving colonoscopy. The results of this study could be utilized as a clinical nursing intervention.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.139-149
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data required for quality improvement of home health care nursing and development of nursing services for cancer patients by examining the frequency of practices, level of service needs and satisfaction for nursing services. Methods: The subjects were 231 patients who agreed in participating on this study and were receiving home health care nursing services by the home health care advanced practice nurse from two national hospitals and four subsidiary general hospitals, located in Seoul from September 30, 2008 to February 28, 2009. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, t-test and ANOVA, using SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Results: The most frequent practices were 'checking vital sign' and 'explaining what patient want to know.' Total service need had an average of 3.03 point and emotional domain showed the highest average of 3.44 point. Total satisfaction had an average of 4.23 point and satisfaction along diseases had the highest average of 3.65 point in case of non-metastasis cancer. Conclusion: The subjects were highly satisfied with home health care nursing services which gave positive effect to them. It will be helpful to give cancer patients physical and spiritual care complementally when home health care nurses provide nursing services.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.42-45
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• 2015

The ability to take electrocardiographic measurements while performing our daily activities has become the people-choice for modern age vital sign sensing. Currently, wet and dry ECG electrodes are known to pose threats like inflammations, allergic reactions, and metal poisoning due to their direct skin interaction. Therefore, the main goal in this work is to implement a very small ECG sensor system with a capacitive coupling, which is able to detect electrical signals of heart at a distance without the conductive gel. The aim of this paper is to design, implement, and characterize the contactless ECG electrodes. Under a careful consideration of factors that affect a capacitive electrode functional integrity, several different sizes of ECG electrodes were designed and tested with a pilot ECG device. A very small cotton-insulated copper tape electrode ($2.324cm^2$) was finally attained that could detect and measure bioelectric signal at about 500 um of distance from the subject's chest.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.16-19
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• 2015

A wearable sensing ECG T-shirt for ubiquitous vital signs sensing is proposed. The sensor system consists of a signal processing board and capacitive sensing electrodes which together enable measurement of an electrocardiogram (ECG) on the human chest with minimal discomfort. The capacitive sensing method was employed to prevent direct ECG measurement on the skin and also to provide maximum convenience to the user. Also, low power integrated circuits (ICs) and passive electrodes were employed in this research to reduce the power consumption of the entire system. Small flexible electrodes were placed into cotton pockets and affixed to the interior of a worn tight NIKE Pro combat T-shirt. Appropriate signal conditioning and processing were implemented to remove motion artifacts. The entire system was portable and consumed low power compared to conventional ECG devices. The ECG signal obtained from a 24 yr. old male was comparable to that of an ECG simulator.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.683-689
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• 2016

Most outdoor solid insulators may suffer from surface degradations due to non-stationary currents that flow on the insulator surface. These currents may be classified as leakage, discharge and tracking currents due to their disturbing potencies respectively. The magnitude of these currents depends on the degree of the contamination of surface. The leakage signals are followed by discharge signals and tracking signals which are capable of forming carbonized tracking paths on the surface between high voltage and earth contacts (surface tracking). Surface tracking is one of the most breakdown mechanisms observed on the solid insulators, especially polymers which may cause severely reduced lifetime. In this study the degradations observed on polyester resin based insulators are investigated according to the IEC 587 Inclined Plane Test Standard. The signals are monitored and recorded during tests until surface tracking initiated. In order to prevent total breakdown of an insulator, early detection of tracking signals is vital. Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) is proposed for classification of signals and their energy levels observed on the surface. The application of CWT for processing and classification of the surface signals which are prone to display high frequency oscillations can facilitate real time monitoring of the system for diagnosis.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.14-24
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effect of simulation-based education relevant to the care of patients with acute renal failure (ARF) for third-year nursing students. Methods: This study was a non-equivalent control pre-posttest design. Based on the clinical situation scenarios pertaining to patients with ARF, a simulation-based learning module was developed using Human Patient Simulator version 6 (HPS6) manufactured by Medical Education Technologies Inc. The pretest was conducted so as to evaluate the difference in prior knowledge and clinical competence between two groups. The control group consisted of 91 students during the 2010 academic year and the experimental group consisted of 94 students during the 2011 academic year. Data were analysed using SPSS/win 10.1. Results: In the experimental group, knowledge related to care for ARF patients was not significantly increased; however, clinical competence improved significantly for the experimental group. Conclusion: In conclusion, the simulation-based education program was effective in contributing towards the development of clinical competence. Increased development of clinical competence is vital for today's clinical environment where nursing professionals need the necessary knowledge, thinking, and performance skills to meet the needs of the hospital and their patients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.462-470
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• 2012

The availability and efficient use of the feed resources in India are the primary drivers to maximize productivity of Indian livestock. Feed security is vital to the livestock management, extent of use, conservation and productivity enhancement. Assessment and forecasting of livestock feed resources are most important for effective planning and policy making. In the present study, 40 years of data on crop production, land use pattern, rainfall, its deviation from normal, area under crop and yield of crop were collected and modeled to forecast the likely production of feed resources for the next 20 years. The higher order auto-regressive (AR) models were used to develop efficient forecasting models. Use of climatic variables (actual rainfall and its deviation from normal) in combination with non-climatic factors like area under each crop, yield of crop, lag period etc., increased the efficiency of forecasting models. From the best fitting models, the current total dry matter (DM) availability in India was estimated to be 510.6 million tonnes (mt) comprising of 47.2 mt from concentrates, 319.6 mt from crop residues and 143.8 mt from greens. The availability of DM from dry fodder, green fodder and concentrates is forecasted at 409.4, 135.6 and 61.2 mt, respectively, for 2030.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.175-179
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• 2015

Rad51, a key factor in the homologous recombination pathway for the DNA double-strand break repair, plays a vital role in genesis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In recent years, more and more studies indicate that high expression of Rad51 is of great relevance to resistance of NSCLC to chemotherapeutic agents and ionizing radiation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of single Rad51 on cell viability in vitro. Our results show that depletion of endogenous Rad51 is sufficient to inhibit the growth of the A549 lung cancer cell line, by accumulating cells in G1 phase and inducing cell death. We conclude that independent Rad51 expression is critical to the survival of A549 cells and can be an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC patients.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2010

The International air transportation industry provides a vital communication link which brings prosperity to many states in our modern age. This invaluable link has been threatened by terrorism. Airlines have been one of the most attractive targets in the eyes of terrorists for several reasons, including particularly the international and symbolic nature of aviation, and the potential of multigovernmental involvement which can inevitably generate wide publicity. Terrorist attacks against civil aviation have been committed since the earliest days of civil aviation history. The first attack against civil aircraft dates back to the early 1930s. Since then, aircraft hijacking and other forms of attack against air transport operations have become one of the most serious challenges to the safety of flying. In recent years, a new form of threats against civil aviation has appeared. Man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS) in the hands of criminals, terrorists, and other non-state actors pose a serious potential threat to passenger air travel, the commercial aviation industry, and military aircraft around the world. The purpose of this study is to provide some countermeasures against such attacks. In order to foster a better understanding of the problem, an introduction of MANPADS and a brief history of attacks using MANPADS are presented. It also examines the level of threats, trends of attacks using MANPADS and the possible countermeasures to be taken by the international community.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.311-320
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• 2008

Purpose: The study was done to analyze the effects of aroma inhalation method on preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients. Methods: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The data were collected from July 25 to October 21, 2005 at C Medical Center in Seoul. The patients were divided into two group of 24 subjects each. In order for measuring the all patient's anxiety before operation and aroma inhalation, Spidlberger(1975) trait anxiety, VAS(visual analogue scale) state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were taken. After experimental group was taken aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were measured for two group. Results: After aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those of control group(p = .000, p = .000, p = .030. p = .000). Conclusion: The aroma inhalation method can be considered an effective nursing intervention that relieves the preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients and stabilizes vital signs.