• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.397-410
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• 2016

This paper proposes a novel cooperative localization method for distributed wireless networks in 3-dimensional (3D) global positioning system (GPS) denied environments. The proposed method, which is referred to as hybrid ellipsoidal variational algorithm (HEVA), combines the use of non-parametric belief propagation (NBP) and variational Bayes (VB) to benefit from both the use of the rich information in NBP and compact communication size of a parametric form. InHEVA, two novel filters are also employed. The first one mitigates non-line-of-sight (NLoS) time-of-arrival (ToA) messages, permitting it to work well in high noise environments with NLoS bias while the second one decreases the number of calculations. Simulation results illustrate that HEVA significantly outperforms traditional NBP methods in localization while requires only 50% of their complexity. The superiority of VB over other clustering techniques is also shown.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.37-53
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in perceived time pressure between employed and non-employed married women in Korea. The sample of married couple from the Korean Time Use Survey 2009 (n = 6,948 couple diaries) was used to examined the difference in the level of perceived time pressure over the life cycle of two group. This study also investigated the married women's time use, husband's time use as well as hour of domestic outsourcing and whether such factors are associated with lowering perceived time pressure of married women. Results showed employed wives felt almost 3 times more time pressed than non-employed wives, and the gap mostly remained over different life cycles. Total work hours were associated with increasing the time pressure of both groups of women, while regenerating time was associated with ameliorating time pressure. The result suggests that the time pressure gap between employed and non-employed wives can be partly due to the relative length of total labor hours and regenerating time among the two groups. Ordered logit analysis revealed that husband's paid work hours were not associated with wive's feeling rushed, but husband' unpaid work hours were positively linked with time pressure of their wives. Results indicated if employed or non-employed wives are feeling very busy, there is a high chance that husband might give them some help. We found employed wives spend more hours on housework outsourcing, and purchasing goods for housework was not associated with lowering the feeling of pressure of employed wives. There were both similarity and difference in factors associated with women's feeling pressed among employed and non-employed wives. It implies that social process and it's strategies to alleviate the time pressure can be different by women's employment status.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2020

The Korea Textile and Fashion Industry-Academic Association, which was established in 2004, has been operating without its own homepage until now. In 2019, it was judged that it was urgent to manage new members and build an installed homepage. Therefore, the program provided by 'I'mweb' was used by comparing domestic and overseas website manufacturers, and the reason is as follows. First, 'I'mweb' provides a web builder solution that allows individuals to easily create web sites without IT expertise such as program development, use of photoshop, and coding. Second, it faithfully provides bulletin boards and member management functions necessary in Korea, such as internet homepage builders and shopping mall production services. Third, there is an advantage in that it is easy to manage the homepage because it is convenient to use Q&A service through the administrator when building the web. However, it provides a responsive web function, but it is regrettable that the compatibility between PC and mobile is not smooth. This study is expected to be used as basic data for related research that needs help in opening a website in the future.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.984-992
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• 2020

Objectives: This survey research was conducted to evaluate real-time non-face-to-face education in clinical Korean medicine conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This study was conducted with all 3rd and 4th grade students of the Department of Korean Medicine, Gachon University. The Korean Internal Medicine (Pulmonary) lecture course was held from April 1st to July 1st, 2020 for one semester. The lectures were conducted through real-time non-face-to-face education using the Cisco Webex program, and the lectures were mainly conducted by sharing a PowerPoint summarizing textbook. The questionnaire consisted of 3 parts and a total of 18 questions. The survey was conducted anonymously to ensure the confidentiality of all responses. Results: The overall score for real-time non-face-to-face education was 74.69±18.15 points. The efficiency of real-time non-face-to-face education was 2.12±0.78 points, and opinions on the expansion of future use were 2.08±0.91 points and were generally positive. The ratio of non-face-to-face education and face-to-face education in future clinical Korean medicine theory lectures was about 63:27, with a higher proportion of non-face-to-face education. Conclusions: Promoting clinical Korean medicine as a non-face-to-face education has generally been positively evaluated in terms of efficiency and overall, and its use should be expanded in the future. In particular, it will be necessary to use non-face-to-face education in the theory classes of clinical Korean medicine. However, technical problems involving internet, video, equipment, and communication tools will need to be improved in the future.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1134-1146
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between Juvenile alcohol use and their criminal patterns. The data were collected through questionnaire surveys. Subjects serving for this study were 971 delinquent adolescents in Korea, sampled from 6 juvenile corrective institutions and 2 classification judging institutions, using a census method. Their age range was between 12 and 21. Data were analysed by IBM PC using SAS program. Statistical methods employed were Chi-square and frequency analysis. 1. Of 877 respondents, the number of adolescents committed criminal behaviors while the intoxicated were 230(26.2%), and 647(73.8%) were in a non-intoxicated state. 2. Adolescent under intoxication showed a higher rate of aggressive crimes and assault crimes, whereas adolescents under the non-influence of liquor tended to commit property climes and violations of criminal special law Drunken state adolescents during committing criminal behaviors used knifes, stones or fist-kicking as criminal tools, whereas drug use or without weapons in non drunken state. Most crimes have happened without any tools in both group. 3. In comparison of the alcohol user and the non-user, most alcohol-related crimes among adolescents were committed at AM 0:00 to AM 4:00 during the weekend in the dark, cloudy, and stormy-rainy day, while non-alcohol related crimes were at afternoon of weekday in the clear day. The places that the criminal activities occurred were streets, amusement places such as disco-theque, fields and their own house among alcohol users, whereas victim's house, another person's house and restaurant were chosen among non-alcohol users. 4. The victims assaulted by Juvenile offenders in both drunken and non-drunken state were mostly passer-by(65.4%), followed by their friends(25.1%). And the conditions of victims showed a significant differences between the drunken adolescents and the non-drunken adolescents. The victim's conditions assaulted by intoxicated delinquent adolescents were in quarreling or drunken state, whereas non-alcohol related crimes were directed against victims in a sleeping or irresistible state. 5. Almost over the half of delinquent adolescents perceived their delinquency as wrong behaviors. and alcohol non-user tended to more significantly perceive their criminal acts as wrong conducts. About the half of respondents answered that they committed their criminal acts in spite of having a very good Judgement while doing crimes, the author did not found a significant difference between the two groups. The reasons given for crimes were manifested as follows: it can be seen that ‘to get money for amusements’(30.4 % of all motives) were most common, followed by ‘to commit accidentally the offences’(23.8%), ‘curiosity or heroism’(18.9%). alcohol related crimes tended to be accidental and impulsively without any clear planning, while non-alcohol related crimes tended to be purposeful, directed to make money motivated by curiosity or a desire to live heroically. In Conclusions. the correlation between alcohol use and Juvenile criminal behaviors has been examined in this study. Generally, alcohol use had been found to be highly correlated with aggressive assault crimes including robbery, burglary and rape etc.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.150-154
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 송신자와 수신자가 각자의 이익을 위해 메시지의 전송 사실을 부인하는 것을 방지하는 발신처 부인방지와 수신처 부인방지 서비스를 제공하고 통신망에서 오류에 의한 전송 실패와 수신자의 파일 수신 사실의 부인을 방지해 는 전송 부인방지 서비스를 제공하는 FTP 모델을 설계한다. 설계된 FTP 모델은 GSS-API를 사용하여 소스 수준에서 호환성을 갖도록 안전성 서비스에 대해 일관된 인터페이스를 제공하고, 응용 클라이언트와 응용 서버간의 안전한 문맥을 확립하기 위해 세션 키를 사용하여 효율적인 키 사용으로 공개키 시스템에서의 오버헤드를 최소화하였다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2012

It is well known that one could use a fixed loxodromic or parabolic element of a non-elementary group $G{\subset}M(\bar{\mathbb{R}}^n)$ as a test map to test the discreteness of G. In this paper, we show that a test map need not be in G. We also construct an example to show that the similar result using an elliptic element as a test map does not hold.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.502-508
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• 2008

인터넷의 급속한 확산과 대량 정보의 이동은 문서요약을 더욱 필요 하고 있다. 본 논문은 비음수 행렬 인수분해로 얻어진 비음수 의미 가변 행렬과 의미특징의 포괄적 중요도를 이용하여 문장을 추출하여서 포괄적 문서요약을 하는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법은 인간의 인식 과정과 유사한 비음수 제약을 사용한다. 이 결과 주제의 군집방법이나 잠재의미분석을 사용한 비지도 학습방법에 비해 더욱 의미 있는 문장을 선택하여 문서를 요약할 수 있다. 실험결과 제안방법이 다른 방법들에 비하여 좋은 성능을 보인다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.1067-1088
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• 2011

While there is a high degree of convergence in linguistics in the treatment of the progressive as an aspect, the English progressive is unusually wide in its range of uses. This paper highlights the distinction between aspectual and non-aspectual progressives. The primary function of the progressive is to present a situation as ongoing, and this strictly aspectual use of the progressive is referred to as 'aspectual progressive'. On the other hand, the uses of the English progressive that are not, in a strict sense, aspectual is called 'non-aspectual progressive'. There are at least three basic uses of non-aspectual progressives. The first is the so-called progressive futurate (e.g., John is leaving tomorrow). In English, the present progressive can be used to express future time reference. This use of the progressive is regarded as a non-aspectual one, on the grounds that its meaning cannot be accounted for in terms of ongoingness. The second use is the habitual progressive (e.g., She's smoking a lot these days). Given that the habitual is an aspect, it is natural that the habitual progressive is not an aspectual progressive because one cannot view a situation in two different ways. In addition, ongoingness is not a defining property of the habitual progressive but is only a contingent or subsidiary property. The real essence of the habitual progressive is habituality. The third use of non-aspectual progressives is the experiential or interpretative progressive (e.g., You're imagining things), whose main characteristic is the subjectivity of the speaker's interpretation. The experiential or interpretative progressive does not serve a primarily aspectual function because the meaning of ongoingness has nothing to do with the content of the utterance.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-59
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• 1983

The purpose of this paper is to present a method of multi-objective, stochastic optimization in water resources system which investigates the development of potential non-normal deterministic equivalents for subsequent use in multiobjective stochastic programming methods, Given probability statement involving a function of several random variables, it is often possible to obtain a deterministic equivalent of it that does not include any orginal random variables. A Stochastic trade-off technique-MSTOT is suggested to help a decision maker achieve satisfactory levels for several objective functions. This makes use of deterministic equivalents to handle random variables in the objective functions. The emphasis is in the development of non-normal deterministic equivalents for use in multiobjective stochastic techniques.