• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.375-381
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to see how wearing either a SCL or a C-SCL effected the dryness of a person's eye depending on how long they wear either type of lens. Methods: This study was carried out on 52 subjects (104 eyes) who were all in their twenties and had previously experienced wearing contact lenses. All of these subjects were required to wear either a SCL or a C-SCL, which were made out of the same material, for three months. Contents such as the McMonnies Questionnaire survey, the blinking rate per min. and the Noninvasive tear break-up time test (NIBUT) were later conducted on the subjects for this study. Results: According to the results of the McMonnies Questionnaire, it was concluded that the longer the subject wore the SCL and C-SCL, the value of the measurements gradually increased. On the other hand, the results from the NIBUT concluded that the longer the subject wore the SCL, the value of the measurements eventually decreased. However, according to the measurements of the blink rate test, it was concluded that neither results had a significant change. Conclusions: It was concluded that long-term wearing of SCL and C-SCL could be the cause of the induction and progression of dry eyes.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.50 no.9
• /
• pp.862-867
• /
• 2007

Purpose : The impulse oscillometry (IOS) is applicable to young children because it requires minimal cooperation and a non-invasive method to measure the mechanics of respiratory system. This study aimed to develop the reference values in school-aged children in Korea, using IOS which is a modification of forced oscillation technique (FOT). Methods : Measurements were performed in 92 previously untrained healthy children, aged 7 to 12 years old, using IOS. We analyzed the relationships between the data about their age, height, weight, body surface area (BSA), body mass index (BMI) and the result of IOS using the linear regression test. Results : The success rate of IOS was 92.4%. Stepwise multiple regression of resistance of respiratory system (Rrs) and reactance of respiratory system (Xrs) in natural form for age, height, weight, BSA, BMI showed that height was the most significant predictor and altogether of 5 variables explained the Rrs and Xrs most. Our regression equations at multiple frequencys were comparable to published reference values, especially about the Rrs obtained at 5 Hz. Conclusion : IOS is a feasible method to measure the respiratory resistance in untrained children. We got the reference values using IOS and it seems to be useful to diagnose a variety of respiratory diseases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2010

Background: Patients with vascular diseases commonly have coronary artery disease and associated cardiac problems. Therefore, their underlying heart diseases may be induced or exacerbated after vascular surgery. The effectiveness of SPECT imaging, which is a relatively simple and non-invasive imaging modality, for assessing these underlying heart diseases is still controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical effect of tests and treatment based on SPECT imaging prior to vascular surgery on the development of post-operation cardiac complications. Material and Method: Sixty three patients who were treated at Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital between April 2004 and September 2007 and who underwent adenosine infusion technetium-99m (Tc-99m) tetrofosmin SPECT imaging prior to vascular surgery were selected for this study and we retrospectively reviewed their records. Result: The sensitivity and specificity of detecting a perfusion defect on SPECT to predict the development of cardiac complications was relatively low at 41.2% and 52.2%, respectively. However when coronary angiographies were done on the patients with abnormal SPECT and this was followed by aggressive treatment such as coronary artery intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting based on the angiography results, there was a tendency for lower cardiac complication rates. Conclusion: SPECT imaging shows low effectiveness as a screening test for predicting cardiac complications after vascular surgery.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.45 no.5
• /
• pp.644-652
• /
• 2007

Statement of problem: Resonance frequency analysis is evaluated as the non-invasive and objective method for the evaluation of implant stability and has been increasingly used. It is necessary to evaluate the factors affect the ISQ measurement stability. Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of the autoclave sterilization and reuse of $Smartpeg^{TM}$ on ISQ measurement. Material and methods: $SmartPeg^{TM}$ (Integration Diagnostics Ltd., $G\ddot{o}teborg$, Sweden) of autoclave group (A) was autoclave sterilized 9 times and $Smartpeg^{TM}$ of reuse group (R) was reused 9 times. Ten $SmartPeg^{TM}s$ were allocated to each group and after each autoclave sterilization and reuse, implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were measured 3 times from the two directions a and b at a right angle. $Osstell^{TM}$ mentor (Integration Diagnostics Ltd. $G\ddot{o}teborg$, Sweden) was used and type 1 (article no. 100353) $Smartpeg^{TM}$ was selected according to $Smartpeg^{TM}$ reference list. Osstem Implant US II future (Osstem Co., Seoul, Korea) in $4.0mm{\times}11.5mm$ was embedded in the self-curing acrylic resin ($Orthojet^{(R)}$, Lang Dental, U.S.A.). Data was statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA $({\alpha}=.05)$ and scheffe test was done where a significant difference exist. Correlation test was also done between ISQ value and the number of autoclave sterilization or reuse. Results: 1. In autoclave group, the means and sd. of ISQ value before autoclave sterilization were $84.97{\pm}0.41,\;84.93{\pm}0.74$ at direction a and b. There was significant differences between autoclave groups at direction a and b (P=.000). 2. In reuse group, the means and sd. of ISQ value before reuse were $85.40{\pm}0.62,\;85.50{\pm}0.57$ at direction a and b. There was no significant difference between reuse groups at direction a and b (P>.05). 3. There was a weak positive correlation between the number of reuse and ISQ value at direction a and b (${\gamma}=.207$ and .246, P<.01). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions were drawn. Till ninth reuse of $Smartpeg^{TM}$, the ISQ measurement stability did not be affected. After twice autoclave sterilization of $Smartpeg^{TM}$ the ISQ measurement stability was affected.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.166-172
• /
• 1979

A series of experiments was planned for practical application of rhizobia in grass lands in Korea. This is the report for the studies mainly on the isolation and characterization of alfalfa nodule bacteria, and on the assessment of their nodulation abilities and nitrogen fixation capacities. 1. Total number of 47 strains was isolated from nodules which were taken from alfalfa grown in Daekwanyong, Cheju and other places. 2. Morphological and cultural characteristics of the strains were studied, and attempts. were also made to investigate their antigenic properties and to demonstrate lysogenic strains. The results were; i) the isolates varied in their cultural characteristics on yeast mannitol broth and agar, and in degree of congo red absorption; ii) similarities in their antigenic prorerties were found between the strains: SU 47/M-11, M-13/M-15, and M-3/M-5; iii) no lysogeny was found in the strains. 3. Plant infection test by test tube method in light room were carried out to elucidate the ability of the strains to nodulate Luna alfalfa and of the capacity of such nodules to fix atmospheric nitrogen. The isolates were grouped info non-invasive, ineffective, or effective to the legumes. Those strains which produced effective nodules, supporting similar/higher level of growth as nitrate control were: M-8, 9, 14, 20, 21, 25 and 34.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.228-235
• /
• 2024

Using transcranial doppler ultrasonography (TCD) to measure the presence or absence of abnormalities in patent foramen ovale (PFO) is more effective than transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) because it is simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive. Thus, it can be a good alternative test in cases where it is difficult to perform TEE or in groups at a high risk of complications. Therefore, in this study, we sought to assist in arriving at a diagnosis by suggesting an appropriate method through the comparison of empirical results according to the presence or absence of blood use and varying patient posture. The results were compared depending on the patient's posture and whether blood was used. Patients in whom both middle cerebral arteries were observed were targeted. In cases where the temporal window was defective, it was replaced with basilar artery and compared. There were higher positivity rate and accuracy for sitting position using valsalva maneuver (VM) than for Resting and supine position using VM. Therefore, if it is possible to perform a sitting position using VM with a mixture of blood, it would be a good idea to perform it.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.150-154
• /
• 2010

Purpose: Ejection fraction (EF) is one of the most important factors that evaluate heart function. Recently, according to echocardiography and myocardial perfusion SPECT, the number of gated blood pool scan (planar GBP) is declining. Measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction using gated blood pool SPECT (GBPS) is known as relatively correspond with echocardiography. We compared EF derived from plnar GBP, GBPS and echocadiography using modified simpson method to determine the accuracy. Materials and Methods: From January 2007 to June 2010, planar GBP and GBPS were performed on 34 patients who admitted to Pusan National University Hospital (men 23, women 11, mean age $52.6{\pm}27.2$). Each patient was injected with $^{99m}{TcO_4}^-$ of 20 mCi after pyrophosphate injection and then scanned using both planar GBP and GBPS techniques. For image analysis, we use ADAC Laboratories, Ver. 4.20 software. The result analyzed was processed by SPSS 17.0 Win statistic program and statistical method applied in data analysis is one-way anova, Tukey's post hoc test, pearson correlation test. Results: One-way anova test show no significant difference (planar GBP $56.3{\pm}13.9%$; GBPS $60.4{\pm}16.0%$; echocardiography $59.1{\pm}14.4%$, p=0.486, p>0.05). Tukey's post hoc test show no significant difference (planar GBP-echocardiography p=0.697; GBPS-echocardiography p=0.928; planar GBP-GBPS p=0.469, p>0.05). Values for EF obtained with planar GBP and GBPS correlated well with those obtained with echocardiography (planar-echocardiography r=0.697; GBPS-echocardiography r=0.928; planar GBP-GBPS r=0.469). Conclusion: The problems of accuracy and reproducibility for planar GBP still remain. But planar GBP is a safe and non-invasive method. In addition, planar GBP is useful to evaluate patient with low resolution echocardiography images. GBPS is not appicated clinically. but GBPS can be obtain various left ventricular functional parameters. planar GBP, GBPS and echocardiography show a good correlation between each other. Therefore, planar GBP and GBPS are useful for evaluating left ventricular ejection fraction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.110-116
• /
• 2003

Background and Objectives : Laryngeal cancer discrimination using voice signals is a non-invasive method that can carry out the examination rapidly and simply without giving discomfort to the patients. n appropriate analysis parameters and classifiers are developed, this method can be used effectively in various applications including telemedicine. This study examines voice analysis parameters used for laryngeal disease discrimination to help discriminate laryngeal diseases by voice signal analysis. The study also estimates the laryngeal cancer discrimination activity of the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) classifier based on the statistical modelling of voice analysis parameters. Materials and Methods : The Multi-dimensional voice program (MDVP) parameters, which have been widely used for the analysis of laryngeal cancer voice, sometimes fail to analyze the voice of a laryngeal cancer patient whose cycle is seriously damaged. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop a new method that enables an analysis of high reliability for the voice signals that cannot be analyzed by the MDVP. To conduct the experiments of laryngeal cancer discrimination, the authors used three types of voices collected at the Department of Otorhinorlaryngology, Pusan National University Hospital. 50 normal males voice data, 50 voices of males with benign laryngeal diseases and 105 voices of males laryngeal cancer. In addition, the experiment also included 11 voices data of males with laryngeal cancer that cannot be analyzed by the MDVP, Only monosyllabic vowel /a/ was used as voice data. Since there were only 11 voices of laryngeal cancer patients that cannot be analyzed by the MDVP, those voices were used only for discrimination. This study examined the linear predictive cepstral coefficients (LPCC) and the met-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) that are the two major cepstrum analysis methods in the area of acoustic recognition. Results : The results showed that this met frequency scaling process was effective in acoustic recognition but not useful for laryngeal cancer discrimination. Accordingly, the linear frequency cepstral coefficients (LFCC) that excluded the met frequency scaling from the MFCC was introduced. The LFCC showed more excellent discrimination activity rather than the MFCC in predictability of laryngeal cancer. Conclusion : In conclusion, the parameters applied in this study could discriminate accurately even the terminal laryngeal cancer whose periodicity is disturbed. Also it is thought that future studies on various classification algorithms and parameters representing pathophysiology of vocal cords will make it possible to discriminate benign laryngeal diseases as well, in addition to laryngeal cancer.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.299-306
• /
• 2009

In this study, pulse waves were measured at radial artery using non-invasive tonometric pulse pressure measurement system, SphygmoCor(AtCor, Australia), according to subject's posture. Then it was analysed whether the pulse wave parameters, which contain heart activities, change among three different postures (upright stand, sit, and supine). And it was also verified that the pulse wave parameters change among blood pressure level groups(hypotensive, normotensive, and hypertensive). As a results, posture effects were verified in time information of pulse wave rather than amplitude. But some parameters calculated by ratio of two amplitude, such as augmented index(AI) and ratio of central aortic pulse and radial artery pulse, showed significant difference according to postures. In post hoc test, time to the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ pulse peak(P_$T_1$, and P_$T_2$), ED(ejection duration), and HR(heart rate) showed significant difference among posture groups with each other. In comparison of blood pressure groups, it was verified that the parameters related to amplitude of pulse wave showed significant difference rather than time information.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.53 no.11
• /
• pp.114-122
• /
• 2016

EIS (Electro interstitial scan) is a non-invasive and simple method to find the physio-pathological information inferred by electric current response with respect to low direct current applied between remote sites of the body. Although a few EIS-based devices for diagnosing diabetes were commercialized, they were not successful in offering clinical validity nor in confirming diagnostic principle. In this study, we measured the voltage responses of diabetic patients and normal subjects with a commercialized EIS device to test the usefulness of EIS in screening diabetes. For this purpose, voltage was measured between pairs of electrodes contacted at both palm, both soles of the feet and left and right forehead above both eyes. After feature extraction of voltage signals, the AUC (area under the curve) between the two groups was calculated and we found that seven variables were appropriately shown above 60% of accuracy. In addition, we applied the k-NN (k-nearest neighbors) method and found that the accuracy of classification between the two groups reached the accuracy of 76.2%. This result implies that the voltage response analysis based on EIS has potential as a diabetics screening method.