• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.479-489
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• 2022

In order to understand how to increase the use of virtual training content at K University's online lifelong education institute, this study examined the use experience, content recognition, field practice replacement, and requirements, focusing on the examples of operating institutions. To this end, 12 institutions that operated virtual training contents distributed by the K University Online Lifelong Education Center in 2020 were selected for in-depth interviews and qualitative analysis was conducted on the interviews of 11 institutions. As a result of the analysis, first, the experience of using the contents of the virtual training operating institution was aimed at changing the educational environment, supplementing theoretical learning, and improving the sense of practice. Second, according to a survey on the recognition of virtual training content, if the importance and utilization of the content are high, it can be replaced by on-site practice in non-face-to-face classes, such as experiences of facilities and equipment, attracting interest and attention. Third, in many cases, the perception of replacement for field practice is not unreasonable to use as a pre-training material for field practice, but it is difficult to replace field practice. Fourth, content quality improvements can be summarized as content quality improvement, content access and manipulation improvement, dedicated device development, training for instructors, and curriculum systematization. Fifth, institutional requirements include improving the quality of virtual training content itself, equipment support, curriculum systemization and characterization, systematic curriculum and detailed content sharing, detailed guidance on using virtual training content, introducing how to use content, and recruiting instructors. This study is meaningful in that it sought ways to improve the utilization of virtual training content based on the perception of virtual training content operating institutions.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.403-407
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• 2009

Objectives : The amount of medical utilization by Medical Aid recipients was 3.7 times that of patients with Korean Medical Insurance. This study aims to describe the surplus medicine and the medication-related utilization, and to determine factors contributing to surplus medicine. Methods : Among those who used copayment-free Class I Medical Aid in 2005, 146,880 subjects who were $\geq19$ year-old and received >365 days medical treatment per year were studied with their case managers by conducting face-to-face interviews. The analytic methods were description, chi-square, t-tests, ANCOVA and multiple logistic regressions. Results : Most subjects were female (68.6%), the elderly (62.5%), and the separated (61.6%), had an elementary graduation or less (74.8%), and had disabilities (33.2%). The percentage of subjects with surplus medicine was 18.5%. However, the percentage of females, the elderly, those with non-disabilities, the separated, the uneducated, those with a very poor perceived health status and those with an economical burden for medical treatment was 19.3%, 18.9%, 19.0%, 19.3%, 19.0%, 20.2% and 24.3%, respectively. For subjects with surplus medicine, averages for the number of used pharmacies, the pharmacy-visit days and the medication costs were 4.6 drugstores, 34.9 days and approximately 1,124 thousand Won(￦). These values were higher than those without surplus medicine (4.4 drugstores, 33.8 days, and ￦1,110 thousand, respectively). The odds ratios of the contributing factors to surplus medicine were female 1.11 (95% CI=1.07-1.14), the elderly 1.06 (95% CI=1.02-1.10), those with non-disabilities 1.08 (95% CI=1.05-1.12), the separated 1.14 (95% CI=1.10-1.18), the unmarried 1.12 (95% CI=1.07-1.18), the uneducated 1.03 (95% CI=1.01-1.08), those with a very poor perceived health status 1.04 (95% CI=1.01-1.08) and experiencing an economical burden for medical treatment 2.33 (95% CI=2.26-2.40). Conclusions : 18.5% of subjects had surplus medicine with a higher mean of medication cost. Therefore, health education and health promotion programs to prevent surplus medicine and to improve the appropriate usage of medication are necessary.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.53-68
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• 2010

Sustainable development has been recognized as one of the most important issues in economic growth since quantitative growth reached its limit. It is claimed that a non-economic value such as human right, education, welfare, and health is a vital factor for sustainable development. Most of all, education is considered to be the most important key to build up sustainable society. E-learning could make it easier for all to spread equal education out. This paper suggests a model for cyber universities which can explain how much cyber universities contribute to improve the sustainable development and what social responsibilities cyber university can carry out as lifelong education institutes. Cyber universities in Korea seem to aim quasipublic, openness, and integration to solve the educational issues we face and uncover their growth potential. Cyber universities will contribute to build sustainable society through giving a huge education opportunities for all based on boosting liberal art education, mass-education, globalization, and commercialization.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.77-100
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• 2010

Locals' initiating the community making projects is considered as a good approach in terms of the effectiveness, sustainability and government's budget. But there are not the local institutions' support, while local people alone may face difficulties in starting and managing the projects. This study is to explore the roles of the institutions for starting and managing the family-friendly communities. For this purpose, 18 secondary source cases from the livable community making projects were analyzed. And the major findings of this study were as follows: The (local) institutions need to gain credibility from the locals before starting the family-friendly community project. In the motivation steps, the institution performs the role of a proposer, a survey researcher, an opinion gatherer and mediator. In the systematization steps, the institution needs to perform as a mentor, a developer of human and non-human resources, a conflict mediator, an education practitioner, an instructor, a networker, and an administrative staff. In the execution steps, the institution needs to perform as a cultural program planner, a public relations personnel, and an assessor. In conclusion, the institution needs to train community coordinator and develop programs to educate local residents for the effective family-friendly community projects.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.149-163
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• 2021

The 4th industrial revolution refers to the next-generation industrial revolution led by information and communication technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), robot technology, drones, autonomous driving and virtual reality (VR) and it also has made a significant impact on the development of the advertising industry. However, the world is rapidly changing to a non-contact, non-face-to-face living environment to prevent the spread of COVID 19. Accordingly, the role of the 4th industrial revolution and advertising is changing. Therefore, in this study, text analysis was performed using Big Kinds to examine the 4th industrial revolution and changes in advertising before and after COVID 19. Comparisons were made between 2019 before COVID 19 and 2020 after COVID 19. Main topics and documents were classified through LDA topic model analysis and Word2vec, a deep learning technique. As the result of the study showed that before COVID 19, policies, contents, AI, etc. appeared, but after COVID 19, the field gradually expanded to finance, advertising, and delivery services utilizing data. Further, education appeared as an important issue. In addition, if the use of advertising related to the 4th industrial revolution technology was mainstream before COVID 19, keywords such as participation, cooperation, and daily necessities, were more actively used for education on advanced technology, while talent cultivation appeared prominently. Thus, these research results are meaningful in suggesting a multifaceted strategy that can be applied theoretically and practically, while suggesting the future direction of advertising in the 4th industrial revolution after COVID 19.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.79-91
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of children who visited the pediatric emergency department (PED) following an accident. Method: Data were obtained from the medical records of 4,010 children who visited the PED from January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2006. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 13.0 version. Results: The percentage of children who visited the PED for treatment following an accident was 14.9%. There were more boys (63.5%) than girls. The largest age group for children visiting the PED was preschool aged children. Slip downs were the most frequent accident (37.1%). The face was the most frequently injured area of the body (26.0%). Most (93.3%) of the children who visited the PED were classified as non-emergency, 6.5% as emergency and 0.2% as urgent. About 70.0% of children were examined and 50% of children were medicated. Fifty percent stayed in the PED department for less than 2 hours, and 88.0% of children were discharged to home. Nine percent were admitted, and 2.2% were transferred to other hospitals. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the need for accident prevention education for parents, and the need to develop effective education for clinical nurses working in PED.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.185-209
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• 2023

The air travel industry, which had shrunk with COVID-19, is gaining wings again. Accordingly, this study investigated whether non-verbal communication factors experienced through interaction with airline flight attendants for passengers who have traveled abroad within the past year through domestic airlines affect customer engagement and brand intimacy. A total of 285 samples were collected, and SPSS 28 and AMOS 26 programs were used to verify the reliability and validity of the research tool, the suitability of the model, and hypotheses. As a result of the empirical study analysis, it was confirmed that Paralanguage and Proxemics in non-verbal communication of flight attendants had a significant effect on customer engagement. Although it is different from the results of previous studies following changes in perspective after COVID-19, it once again confirmed the importance of airline crew communication in providing face-to-face services at the interface with passengers. In order to induce customer engagement, which is a new customer satisfaction management index. In addition, it was confirmed that customer engagement has a significant effect on brand intimacy. These results support the view that it is necessary to establish new customer management indicators of emotion and relationship marketing in the existing marketing centered on price reduction or securing loyalty. It was confirmed that interactions with flight attendants can contribute to customer engagement, and these results have important implications for those working in the air transportation industry.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.322-331
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• 1998

The postpartum is a period of transition to motherhood where a childless woman transforms into a woman with children. Parents, especially mothers must perform an essential role of implementing instrumental and emotional care behaviors on part of the helpless, dependent, and immature infant. First-time mothers, however, suddenly face the responsibility of round the clock duty without neither parenting training during pregnancy, nor a time to gradually adapt to growing responsibilities after birth, with confusion and frustration as a result. Thus, after providing first-time mothers with childcare education as maternal role preparation, this study will try to examine its effects on childcare behaviors and confidence in maternal role during the early postpartum period. This quasi-experimental study using a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design, was carried out from March 1995 to May 1996 to verify the effects of a childcare education program with first-time mothers who had vaginal delivery in Ewha University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, and collected data from 60 subjects who consented to the study. The education was given in the early postpartum period(48-72 hours after delivery) and to measure its effects, a posttest was done 4 weeks later with the results analyzed by SPSS shown in the following : 1. The childcare behavior score of the experimental group that had received the newborn care education was higher than the control group(t=3.5, P=.001). 2. The control group and the experimental group which had received the education showed no difference in degree of confidence in maternal role. 3. The higher the childcare behavior score, the higher the degree of confidence in maternal role was among the subjects(r=.56, P=.001). The preceding results are significant in that childcare practices can be promoted by providing child-care education to first-time mothers in the early postpartum period. Thus, this education can be used as a nursing intervention strategy in the early postpartum period.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.251-262
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• 2023

In this study, we examine other factors that may contribute to the decline in students' academic performance and educational attainment. Many media reports, as well as previous studies, have suggested that virtual learning is the main reason for the decline in students' academic performance. However, the 2020 National Student Achievement Survey, which was conducted in conjunction with the COVID-19 Distance Learning Environment Student Survey, showed that students were highly satisfied with distance learning (70-80%), and the analysis of the National Assessment of Educational Achievement showed that students' academic performance had already been declining year by year since 2017, with a general downward curve. For further confirmation, we analyzed the performance of high school students on mock exams and found that their performance was not normally distributed, but rather a right-skewed U-shaped distribution with a shrinking number of medians and severe polarization. We found that this phenomenon is not simply because of the mode or quality of the virtual classroom, but to a variety of factors, including environmental influences such as care and management at home, changes in investment in private education, increased time spent on online devices while taking virtual classes at the bottom, and increased time spent watching online content, games, and videos that are not related to learning.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.471-489
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• 2014

This study was to investigate the changes of attitudes related to science of students in high school science club through modified the creative-experience activity model program. To begin with, using the creative-experience activity model program the programs adapted to the school practices have been developed through consultation of the teachers. The developed program was performed on students in the high school science club. Then we studied the changes of attitudes related to science of students through their outcomes of the activities and face-to-face talk. The change of attitudes related to science of students is positive, especially problem-solving, curiosity, a sense of responsibility, interests toward science, interests toward science related careers, and leisure interest in science. Interest for science as hobby were influenced by used tools like telescopes and experimental tools. Interest for science class were not effective to change to positive by creative experience activity. It seems to be due to creative experience activity were not connected with science class. The program to participate in the activities was more effective than to observe with visit for the change of the attitude related to science. Also, the programs with activities contained scientific knowledge were more effective.