• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2013

Purpose - Inducing consumers' behavioral intent to use an outlet shopping center is a critical issue for managers since it can be used as a guide for developing marketing strategies. Low prices could lead to a growth in retail purchases, but there might also be a positive relationship between prices and customer perceptions of product quality. The extent to which consumers use price as a predictor of quality may differ according to the availability of important alternative cues such as brand, store name, and identity salience triggered by the store. Consumers can obtain non-economic benefits from marketing exchanges that go beyond basic economic achievement. We argue that identity salience can play a crucial mediating role when consumers, acting as exchange partners, seek to obtain social benefits. This study shows that identity salience could mediate the relationship between identity salience-inducing factors such as multi-finality, prestige and role performance, and consumers' behavioral intent to use an outlet shopping center. Research design, data and methodology - The survey was conducted on college students enrolled in marketing classes. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, of which only 194 were returned. After five incomplete questionnaires were excluded, a final sample of 189 was used for empirical analysis. Using a covariance structural analysis in Amos17, we confirmed the fit of the research model and estimated its parameters by using the maximum likelihood method. Results - The results of the hypotheses testing are as follows. First, both identity salience and economic benefits have positive effects on the behavioral intent to use an outlet shopping center. Second, role performance, prestige, and multi-finality have positive effects on identity salience. Finally, the additive analysis of the direct effects of identity salience-inducing factors shows that the role performance, prestige, and multi-finality factors have no direct effects on the behavioral intent to use an outlet shopping center, suggesting that identity salience plays a positive mediating role. Conclusions - This study informs marketers that not only price but shoppers' identity salience directly affects their intent to visit an outlet shopping center. To strengthen shoppers' identity salience, marketers should find ways to help shoppers fulfill their multiple social roles, realize their multiple goals, and achieve prestige. In other words, outlet shopping centers must improve their personal service environment in order to enhance their employees' service quality and assist the execution of multi-finality by minimizing the perceived costs (e.g., travel time, effort) associated with shopping trips, thus making it easier for consumers to combine visits to multiple stores in outlet shopping centers and buy the items required for their consumption goals. Outlet shopping centers must also offer assortments with both breadth and depth in order to help consumers play the social roles their social networks have given them.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2017

Purpose - Previous studies related to emotional labor of salespeople have mainly focused on identifying the antecedents of emotional exhaustion and turnover intention and exploring the mitigating effects salespeople's motivation on emotional exhaustion and turnover intention. They also demonstrates that there are different roles for moderating in social support, which means mental/physical support related to the job in supervisors, colleagues and organizations. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how service employees' surface acting affect turnover intention through emotional exhaustion. Another important objective of this paper is to investigate whether perceived social support moderates 1) the relationship between surface acting and emotional exhaustion 2) the relationship between emotional exhaustion and turnover intention. Research design, data, and methodology - To test the hypotheses, we collected the data from Korean insurance company sales employees. A total of 235 responses were received, from which 220 usable responses were obtained after list-wise deletion. Working with a sample of 220 responses, structural equation modeling was employed to empirically test research hypotheses(

The relationship between surface acting and emotion exhaustion,

The relationship between emotion exhaustion and turnover intention,

The moderating effect of perceived social support(PSS) on the relationship between surface acting and emotion exhaustion, and

The moderating effect of perceived social support(PSS) on the relationship between emotion exhaustion and turnover intention. SPSS 22.0 and AMOS software were used in these data analysis. Results - The service employees' surface acting was positively related to the emotional exhaustion; in turn, the service employees' feelings on emotional exhaustion are positively related to turnover intention. In addition, Perceived Social Support significantly moderated the relationship between surface acting and emotional exhaustion. However, perceived social support has a non-significant moderating effect on the path from emotional exhaustion to turnover intention. On the basis of these results, the following conclusion can be drawn. First, distribution service companies will be needed the administrative efforts to offer counseling programs and space to provide their members with enough rest in experiencing psychological pain due to the salespeople's surface acting. Also, it is necessary for distribution service companies to identify and share the examples of successfully solving emotional exhaustion caused by salespeople's surface acting.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2018

지진은 예보가 거의 불가능하고 짧은 시간동안 일어나 지진이 발생할 때 적극적인 대처를 할 시간적인 여유가 거의 없어 다른 자연재해에 비해 인명피해와 재산피해가 많이 발생한다. 최근 전 세계적으로 지진이 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 이와 같이 지진의 증가에 따라 구조물의 안전성 확보에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있지만 상대적으로 비구조요소인 전기 시설 등에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 그리고 현재 국내의 전기설비는 지진에 대한 안전설계를 하지 않는 경우가 많아 지진이 발생했을 때 손상에 매우 취약하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 ABAQUS를 통해 실제 수배전반과 유사하도록 모델링을 하였고 자연지진파를 이용하여 3D 동적비선형해석을 수행하였다. 송변전설비 내진설계 실무지침서의 지진구역I과 보통지반암 조건에 따르면 기능수행수준의 최대응답가속도는 0.157g이다. 하지만 본 연구에서 일반적인 수배전반에 대한 해석결과의 0.1g에서 한계상태 도달비율은 30%로 안전하다고 볼 수 없다. 그리고 해석결과를 통해 지진취약도를 도출하고 분석하였다. 도출된 지진취약도는 수배전반의 한계상태를 판별하는 정량적 근거로 제시하고 이와 관련된 연구의 기초자료로 활용되는데 목적을 가지고 있다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.231-242
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• 2008

W3C에서 OWL을 웹 온톨로지 기술을 위한 표준으로 채택함으로써 OWL 웹 온톨로지를 효과적으로 저장할 수 있는 저장 모델에 대한 필요성이 제기되었다. 지금까지 Jena, Sesame, DLDB 등과 같은 관계형 모델 기반의 저장 시스템이 개발되었나 여전히 여러 가지 문제점을 지니며, 특히 비효율적인 질의 처리 성능을 제공한다. 질의 처리 성능이 저하되는 구조적인 문제점을 하면 다음과 같다. Jena의 경우, 정규화가 이루어지지 않은 매우 단순한 구조를 지니며 단일 테이블에 대부분의 정보를 저장한다. 이는 단순 검색은 물론 조인 연산이 요구되는 질의 처리시 불필요한 정보까지 비교함으로써 성능을 급격하게 저하시킨다. Sesame와 같은 저장소는 지나치게 정규화 된 구조를 지니기 때문에 질의 처리시 많은 조인 연산이 요구된다. 심지어 단순한 특정 클래스를 검색할 경우에도 많은 조인 연산이 요구된다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 기존 저장모델의 비정규화 혹은 지나친 정규화로 인해 발생하는 질의 처리 성능 저하 문제를 해결할 수 있는 저장 모델을 제안한다. 이를 위해 OWL 요소와 질의 패턴과의 관계를 분석하고 기존 저장 모델의 구조적인 문제점을 분석한다. 이러한 분석 결과를 통해 정의된 제안 모델은 적정 수준의 정규화 된 구조를 지니며 조인 연산이나 불필요한 정보에 대한 비교를 최소할 수 있는 구조를 제공한다. 질의 처리 성능 실험을 위해 LUBM 데이타 셋을 이용하며, 검색 대상 및 대상의 계층 관계를 고려한 질의 유형을 정의한다. 추가적으로, 제안된 저장모델의 데이타 손실 여부를 확인하기 위해 질의 결과의 정확성 및 완전성에 대해 실험하고 그 결과를 기술한다. 비교 평가 결과에서, 제안 모델이 기존 저장 모델보다 나은 성능을 보였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2012

The effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE; a mixture of two preparations from Trichoderma spp., with predominant xylanase and ${\beta}$-glucanase activities, respectively) on colonization and digestion of ground barley straw and alfalfa hay by Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 and Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD1 were studied in vitro. The two levels (28 and 280 ${\mu}g$/ml) of EFE tested and both bacteria were effective at digesting NDF of hay and straw. With both substrates, more NDF hydrolysis (p<0.01) was achieved with EFE alone at 280 than at 28 ${\mu}g$/ml. A synergistic effect (p<0.01) of F. succinogenes S85 and EFE on straw digestion was observed at 28 but not 280 ${\mu}g$/ml of EFE. Strain R. flavefaciens FD1 digested more (p<0.01) hay and straw with higher EFE than with lower or no EFE, but the effect was additive rather than synergistic. Included in the incubation medium, EFE showed potential to improve fibre digestion by cellulolytic ruminal bacteria. In a second batch culture experiment using mixed rumen microbes, DM disappearance (DMD), gas production and incorporation of $^{15}N$ into particle-associated microbial N ($^{15}N$-PAMN) were higher (p<0.001) with ammoniated (5% w/w; AS) than with native (S) ground barley straw. Application of EFE to the straws increased (p<0.001) DMD and gas production at 4 and 12 h, but not at 48 h of the incubation. EFE applied onto S increased (p<0.01) $^{15}N$-PAMN at 4 h only, but EFE on AS increased (p<0.001) $^{15}N$-PAMN at all time points. Prehydrolysis increased (p<0.01) DMD from both S and AS at 4 and 12 h, but reduced (p<0.01) $^{15}N$-PAMN in the early stage (4 h) of the incubation, as compared to non-prehydrolyzed samples. Application of EFE to barley straw increased rumen bacterial colonization of the substrate, but excessive hydrolytic action of EFE prior to incubation decreased it.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.387-393
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• 2015

기후변화에 따라 다양한 생물종에 의한 목조문화재의 피해는 점차 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 미생물에 의한 부후와 곤충 종에 의한 생물피해는 목조문화재의 외형적인 변화와 구조적인 문제점의 원인으로도 알려져 있다. 목조문화재는 오랜 세월을 거치면서 풍화되고 손상되는 현상이 발생하는데, 이러한 물리적, 환경적 요인 뿐 만 아니라 흰개미라는 목재 가해 곤충에 의해서도 심각한 위협을 받을 수 있다. 전라남도, 전라북도, 그리고 제주도에 있는 목조문화재를 중심으로 흰개미의 서식 실태와 건물의 내 외부 환경에 대하여 조사하였다. 조사 결과 거주하면서 난방시설이 설비되어 있는 건축물과 비거주하면서 난방시설이 구비되어있지 않는 목조건축물들의 온도, 습도, 함수율에서 차이를 보였다. 이는 사람이 활동하는 건축물일수록 온도는 높지만, 습도와 함수율은 낮아지는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 이로 인하여 흰개미와 같은 목부재를 가해하는 곤충들의 서식 조건에 변화를 주는 요인으로 작용 하는 것으로 사료된다. 목조문화재 흰개미 피해 조사는 대상 문화재와 주변 서식환경 조사를 병행하여 실시하고 화학적 방제방법을 제시하는 것과 함께, 건축물의 난방 설비, 거주 유무, 주기적 관리 방법 등 친환경적으로 관리할 수 있는 방제방안도 함께 제시하는 것이 필요하다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.427-438
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• 2014

이 연구에서는 석조문화재의 표면 균열에 대한 깊이와 연장성을 측정하기 위해 창녕 물계서원 원정비를 대상으로 초음파 속도를 활용하였다. 또한 이 원정비의 장기적인 보존관리 방안을 수립하기 위해 재질 및 손상현황을 조사하고, 다양한 비파괴 기법을 활용하여 정밀진단을 수행하였다. 원정비를 이루고 있는 주요 구성암석은 비석의 부위에 따라 달리 알칼리장석화강암, 반려암 및 섬록암으로 이루어져 있다. 손상도 평가 결과, 특히 균열이 비신의 모든 방향에서 두드러진 분포를 보여 안정성을 저해하는 중요한 손상인자로 나타났다. 원정비 재질의 물성평가를 위한 초음파 측정에서는 비신, 대좌, 옥개석 순으로 속도가 빠르게 나타났다. 원정비에 다양한 형태로 발생한 균열들의 현황과 산출상태를 정량적으로 산출하기 위해 초음파를 이용한 To-Tc법으로 균열의 심도를 측정한 결과, 0.6~24.1cm로 다양한 깊이를 보였다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005년도 추계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.237-246
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• 2005

고연소도 PWR 사용후연료 건식저장용기의 전복사고조건에 대한 해석 검증을 위한 1/3 축소모델의 시험을 실시하였다. 전복해석은 전각각도에 따른 위치에너지와 동일한 운동에너지를 가지는 초기각속도를 이용하여 결정된 각 점에서의 속도를 충돌직전 모델에 대한 초기경계값으로 입력하여 해석하였다. 전복각도 $50^{\circ}$에 대한 l/3 시험모델 전복시험를 실시하였다. 전복시험에 따른 캐니스터의 구조적 건전성을 확인하기 위하여 육안검사 및 비파괴검사를 실시하였다 시험에서 취득한 변형률과 가속도를 해석결과와 비교하여 해석에 대한 검증을 실시하였다. 전복충격에 의하여 저장용기의 뚜껑에 변형이 발생되었지만 캐니스터의 구조적 건전성의 손상은 없었다. 전복해석은 보수적인 결과를 보여줌을 알 수 있었다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2019

Purpose - This study is to clarify the structural relationship between the direct supervisor and organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior through mediation of the Leader-member exchange (LMX) in the hospital organization, and to confirm the mediating effect of the LMX. Through this study, we will provide basic data on the aspects of HR to enhance organizational immersion and organizational civic behavior in hospital organizations, and present suggestions on academic contribution and effective organizational operation measures. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is to investigate the relationship between authentic leadership and OC and OCB of the organization member, which is proposed to secure more active and high competitiveness in the recent changing medical environment, with multi-regression and B&K(1986) method. For this purpose, 653 employees of senior hospitals in Seoul and Kyeong-In area were surveyed using structured questionnaires. Each questionnaire was composed of 7-point scale, and each hypothesis was testified by multiple leaner regression and by BK method for testifying mediator effect. Result - As a result of the analysis, it was found that the male and non-medical staff had higher recognition level than the medical staff in the LMX, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. In the senior management or more than 5 years' experience group, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior were recognized higher than the group of subordinate managers. Second, authentic leadership has a positive influence on LMX, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior, and LMX has a significant positive impact on organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, as a result of analyzing LMX mediating effect in the relationship of authentic leadership and organizational effectiveness by BK method, LMX had partial mediating effects between authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behavior, and between authentic leadership and organizational commitment. Conclusion - Results of the study confirmed that all the members of the hospital organization that were lacking served as positive factors for the relationships of authentic leadership and LMX, and authentic leadership and organizational effectiveness. It is expected that the hospital organization will be able to suggest such as the organizational approach to expect high organizational effectiveness centering on authentic leadership ability as psychological capital.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.301-310
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• 2010

Bacillus subtilis strains produce a broad spectrum of bioactive peptides. The lipopeptide surfactin belongs to one well-known class, which includes amphiphilic membrane-active biosurfactants and peptide antibiotics. Both the srfA promoter and the ComP-ComA signal transduction system are an important part of the factor that results in the production of surfactin. Bs-M49, obtained by means of low-energy ion implantation in wild-type Bs-916, produced significantly lower levels of surfactin, and had no obvious effects against R. solani. Occasionally, we found strain Bs-M49 decreased spore formation and the development of competence. Blast comparison of the sequences from Bs-916 and M49 indicate that there is no difference in the srfA operon promoter PsrfA, but there are differences in the coding sequence of the comA gene. These differences result in three missense mutations within the M49 ComA protein. RT-PCR analyses results showed that the expression levels of selected genes involved in competence and sporulation in both the wild-type Bs-916 and mutant M49 strains were significantly different. When we integrated the comA ORF into the chromosome of M49 at the amyE locus, M49 restored hemolytic activity and antifungal activity. Then, HPLC analyses results also showed the comA-complemented strain had a similar ability to produce surf actin with wild-type strain Bs-916. These data suggested that the mutation of three key amino acids in ComA greatly affected the biological activity of Bacillus subtilis. ComA protein 3D structure prediction and motif search prediction indicated that ComA has two obvious motifs common to response regulator proteins, which are the N-terminal response regulator receiver motif and the C-terminal helix-turn-helix motif. The three residues in the ComA N-terminal portion may be involved in phosphorylation activation mechanism. These structural prediction results implicate that three mutated residues in the ComA protein may play an important role in the formation of a salt-bridge to the phosphoryl group keeping active conformation to subsequent regulation of the expression of downstream genes.