• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.50-55
• /
• 2018

Earthquakes are almost impossible to predict and take place in a short time. In addition, there is little time to take aggressive action when an earthquake occurs. Therefore, there are more casualties and property damage than with other natural disasters. Recently, earthquakes have been occurring all over the world. As the number of earthquakes increase, studies on the safety of structures are being carried out. On the other hand, there are few studies on the electric facilities, which are relatively non - structural factors. Currently, electrical equipment in Korea is often not designed for earthquake safety and is quite vulnerable to damage when an earthquake occurs. Therefore, in this study, modeling was conducted through ABAQUS similar to an actual cabinet panel and 3D dynamic nonlinear analysis was performed using a natural seismic. According to seismic zone I and normal ground rock conditions of the power transmission and transmission facility seismic design practical guide, the maximum response acceleration of the performance level was 0.157g. In this study, however, it was not safe to reach the limit state of 30% of the analytical result at 0.1g for the general cabinet panel. From the results, the seismic fragility curve was derived and analyzed. The derived seismic fragility curve is presented as a quantitative basis for determining the limit state of the cabinet panel and can be utilized as basic data in related research.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.231-242
• /
• 2008

W3C has selected OWL as a standard for Web ontology description and a necessity of research on storage models that can store OWL ontologies effectively has been issued. Until now, relational model-based storage systems such as Jena, Sesame, and DLDB, have been developed, but there still remain several issues. Especially, they lead inefficient query processing performance. The structural problems of their low query processing performance are as follow: Jena has a simple structure which is not normalized and also stores most information in a single table. It exponentially decreases the performance because of comparison with unnecessary information for processing queries requiring join operations as well as simple search. The structures of storages(e.g., Sesame) have been completely normalized. Therefore it executes many join operations for query processing. The storages require many join operations to find simply a specific class. This paper proposes a storage model to resolve the problems that the query processing performance is decreased because of non-normalization or complete normalization of the existing storages. To achieve this goal, we analyze the problems of existing storage models as well as relations of OWL elements and query patterns. The proposed model, defined with the analysis results, provides an optimal normalized structure to minimize join operations or unnecessary information comparison. For the experiment of query processing performance, a LUBM data sets are used and query patterns are defined considering search targets and their hierarchical relations. In addition, this paper conducts experiments on correctness and completeness of query results to verify data loss of the proposed model, and the results are described. With the comparative evaluation results, our proposal showed a better performance than the existing storage models.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.66-74
• /
• 2012

The effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE; a mixture of two preparations from Trichoderma spp., with predominant xylanase and ${\beta}$-glucanase activities, respectively) on colonization and digestion of ground barley straw and alfalfa hay by Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 and Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD1 were studied in vitro. The two levels (28 and 280 ${\mu}g$/ml) of EFE tested and both bacteria were effective at digesting NDF of hay and straw. With both substrates, more NDF hydrolysis (p<0.01) was achieved with EFE alone at 280 than at 28 ${\mu}g$/ml. A synergistic effect (p<0.01) of F. succinogenes S85 and EFE on straw digestion was observed at 28 but not 280 ${\mu}g$/ml of EFE. Strain R. flavefaciens FD1 digested more (p<0.01) hay and straw with higher EFE than with lower or no EFE, but the effect was additive rather than synergistic. Included in the incubation medium, EFE showed potential to improve fibre digestion by cellulolytic ruminal bacteria. In a second batch culture experiment using mixed rumen microbes, DM disappearance (DMD), gas production and incorporation of $^{15}N$ into particle-associated microbial N ($^{15}N$-PAMN) were higher (p<0.001) with ammoniated (5% w/w; AS) than with native (S) ground barley straw. Application of EFE to the straws increased (p<0.001) DMD and gas production at 4 and 12 h, but not at 48 h of the incubation. EFE applied onto S increased (p<0.01) $^{15}N$-PAMN at 4 h only, but EFE on AS increased (p<0.001) $^{15}N$-PAMN at all time points. Prehydrolysis increased (p<0.01) DMD from both S and AS at 4 and 12 h, but reduced (p<0.01) $^{15}N$-PAMN in the early stage (4 h) of the incubation, as compared to non-prehydrolyzed samples. Application of EFE to barley straw increased rumen bacterial colonization of the substrate, but excessive hydrolytic action of EFE prior to incubation decreased it.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.387-393
• /
• 2015

Damages of wooden cultural heritages caused by various bio-species have been a trend that is increasing on climate change. The decay and bio-damage caused by microbial organisms or insect species are also known to factors of the shape changes and structural problems of wooden cultural heritages. There are so many phenomenons of damage and weathering in wooden cultural heritage for many years and particularly termite can threaten seriously wooden cultural heritage. We investigated with respect to internal and external environment and termite inhabitation around the wooden cultural heritage in Jeollanam-do, Jeollabuk-do, and Jeju-do. As this investigation results, we confirmed that there were the difference in between resident and non-resident about temperature, humidity, moisture contents of wooden building. Resident building is high temperature but humidity and moisture contents is low and these factors are sources of inhabitation condition change about insects as termites. Now we suggest to carry out in parallel to the target wooden cultural heritage and the surrounding habitat for wooden cultural heritage termite damage investigation. Also with the chemical control methods, we must consider necessary to present eco-friendly control management such as construction of heating facilities, residential status, periodic management.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.427-438
• /
• 2014

To measure the depth and extension on the surface cracks of the stone monument, ultrasonic pulse velocity targeted at the Mulgyeseowon Stele in Changnyeong was used in this research. Additionally, to establish a long-term countermeasure of management and conservation for this stele, we have investigated the material properties and damage on it and have conducted a precise diagnosis by a variety of non-destructive techniques. Our research has revealed that stones of the stele are composed mainly of three rock types according to the parts of it, alkali-feldspar granite, gabbro and diorite. The result of the deterioration evaluation has occurred that cracks, which are observed from every direction in the body of the stele, are the significant factors to reduce structural stability. The ultrasonic velocity for an evaluation on the properties of the stele has revealed that the speed was high in the order of body, pedestal and crown. Furthermore, to understand the present condition and occurrences of the cracks which have measured in many different forms on the stele quantitatively, we have estimated from 0.6 to 24.1cm deep of the cracks by To-Tc method using ultrasonic velocity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.237-246
• /
• 2005

A tip-over test of the 1/3 scale model is conducted to verify the tip-oner analysis of a dry concrete storage cask under a hypothetical accident condition. The tip-oner analysis is executed using the velocity at each point which are determined from the initial angular velocity as the initial conditions of the model just before the impact. To confirm the structural integrity of the canister of a dry concrete storage cask, the non-detective testing such as Liquid Penetrants testing and Ultrasonic Testing are conducted. The strains and tile accelerations acquired by the tip-over test are compared with those by the analysis to verify the tip-over analysis. The lid of a storage calk are plastically deformed at the impact point. Liquid

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.73-83
• /
• 2019

Purpose - This study is to clarify the structural relationship between the direct supervisor and organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior through mediation of the Leader-member exchange (LMX) in the hospital organization, and to confirm the mediating effect of the LMX. Through this study, we will provide basic data on the aspects of HR to enhance organizational immersion and organizational civic behavior in hospital organizations, and present suggestions on academic contribution and effective organizational operation measures. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is to investigate the relationship between authentic leadership and OC and OCB of the organization member, which is proposed to secure more active and high competitiveness in the recent changing medical environment, with multi-regression and B&K(1986) method. For this purpose, 653 employees of senior hospitals in Seoul and Kyeong-In area were surveyed using structured questionnaires. Each questionnaire was composed of 7-point scale, and each hypothesis was testified by multiple leaner regression and by BK method for testifying mediator effect. Result - As a result of the analysis, it was found that the male and non-medical staff had higher recognition level than the medical staff in the LMX, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. In the senior management or more than 5 years' experience group, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior were recognized higher than the group of subordinate managers. Second, authentic leadership has a positive influence on LMX, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior, and LMX has a significant positive impact on organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, as a result of analyzing LMX mediating effect in the relationship of authentic leadership and organizational effectiveness by BK method, LMX had partial mediating effects between authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behavior, and between authentic leadership and organizational commitment. Conclusion - Results of the study confirmed that all the members of the hospital organization that were lacking served as positive factors for the relationships of authentic leadership and LMX, and authentic leadership and organizational effectiveness. It is expected that the hospital organization will be able to suggest such as the organizational approach to expect high organizational effectiveness centering on authentic leadership ability as psychological capital.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.301-310
• /
• 2010

Bacillus subtilis strains produce a broad spectrum of bioactive peptides. The lipopeptide surfactin belongs to one well-known class, which includes amphiphilic membrane-active biosurfactants and peptide antibiotics. Both the srfA promoter and the ComP-ComA signal transduction system are an important part of the factor that results in the production of surfactin. Bs-M49, obtained by means of low-energy ion implantation in wild-type Bs-916, produced significantly lower levels of surfactin, and had no obvious effects against R. solani. Occasionally, we found strain Bs-M49 decreased spore formation and the development of competence. Blast comparison of the sequences from Bs-916 and M49 indicate that there is no difference in the srfA operon promoter PsrfA, but there are differences in the coding sequence of the comA gene. These differences result in three missense mutations within the M49 ComA protein. RT-PCR analyses results showed that the expression levels of selected genes involved in competence and sporulation in both the wild-type Bs-916 and mutant M49 strains were significantly different. When we integrated the comA ORF into the chromosome of M49 at the amyE locus, M49 restored hemolytic activity and antifungal activity. Then, HPLC analyses results also showed the comA-complemented strain had a similar ability to produce surf actin with wild-type strain Bs-916. These data suggested that the mutation of three key amino acids in ComA greatly affected the biological activity of Bacillus subtilis. ComA protein 3D structure prediction and motif search prediction indicated that ComA has two obvious motifs common to response regulator proteins, which are the N-terminal response regulator receiver motif and the C-terminal helix-turn-helix motif. The three residues in the ComA N-terminal portion may be involved in phosphorylation activation mechanism. These structural prediction results implicate that three mutated residues in the ComA protein may play an important role in the formation of a salt-bridge to the phosphoryl group keeping active conformation to subsequent regulation of the expression of downstream genes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2010

Utility-Pipe Conduit is, Housing and city effectively accommodate what they absolutely need power, communications, gas, pipeline, water supply, drainage, energy facilities etc, according to expansion of urban infrastructure are derived, several ways to solve problems in, collection facilities in place are maintained and managed facility. If Utility-Pipe Conduit is damaged, as well as national security, because their impact on society as a whole, by introducing large vulnerability in the fire prevention activities and suppression measures and disaster for our situation by introducing measures, comprehensive analysis of the fire risk, it shall establish fire prevention activities and suppression through analysis of Utility-Pipe Conduit design, institutional issues, the problem of fire protection facilities, fire spread phenomenon etc. Because of Utility-Pipe Conduit is an enclosed place, so incomplete combustion due to lack of oxygen supply that there are problem such dark smoke, carbon monoxide etc, toxic combustion products and heat generation and visual impairment is an issue difficult to enter. As well as fire prevention activities, the fire In light of the particularity of the under ground than above ground fire, so this phenomenon is weak fire fighting that fire to become effective fire fighting tactics, basically it is necessary difficulty softening, non-burn softening and prevent combustion expansion of the cable is installed on the Utility-Pipe Conduit, having to considering the specificity of the response command system and relevant organizations to establish an on-site, Structural identification and other information gathering required to record of Response agencies, keep air conditioning system 24 hours and strengthening Virtual Total Training of Response agen

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.12
• /
• pp.162-169
• /
• 2016

Using 1795 observations from the 5 year-359 firm panel data collected during the period from 2009 to 2013 in Chinese stock exchanges, this study examines the impact of the controlling shareholders' ownership on R & D expenditure. This empirical study finds that when firms are state-owned, the controlling shareholders' ownership has a U shaped relation with the level of R & D expenses. A non-linear relation is also found when piece-wise regression models are applied. This empirical study also finds that when firms are private-owned, the controlling shareholders' ownership is negatively related to the level of R & D expenses, and no structural changes in the relation are found when piece-wise regression models are applied. These results support the hypothesis that the effects of the controlling shareholders' ownership on R & D expenses may differ depending on the ownership type of the controlling shareholders. This finding suggests that the differences in the controlling shareholders' incentives due to their ownership type should be considered when exploring the relation between the controlling shareholders' ownership and corporate strategic decisions.