• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1147-1154
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• 2008

Road runoff, one of non-point source pollutants, contains various heavy metals, most of which flow into discharge waters without being treated. The mechanism of removing the heavy metals in water is similar to that of removing micro-particles. Therefore, it is considered that it is possible to remove a lot of the heavy metals contained in the road runoff by filtering or absorbing them. In this paper, performed has been a basic study on the characteristics of UNFS (Up Flow Non-Point Source Filtering System) using carbide pellet and zeolite pellet as double-layer filtering mediums to treat the road runoff. The removal rate with filtering and absorption time has been shown as follows: 29.0% for Cr; 27.8% for Cd; 25.7% for Fe; 25.4% for Co; 21.2% for Pb; ]9.6% for Zn; 18.2% for Al; 17.0% for Mn; 11.3% for Ni; 7.5% for Cu. The overall removal rate according to influx change has been shown to be approximately 30%, and the load of heavy metals flowing out in initial precipitation could be reduced by using carbide as a recycling filtering medium. When the removal as coarse particles settle is added up, it is expected that UNFS will result in a higher removal rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to identify the efficiency of LID technologies for controlling non-point source pollution from urban areas. The recent technical responses to managing water resource and urban areas according to the influence of climate change is an important national policy, along with green growth. Through various reference studies reasonable ways to consider a wholistic plan on urban-eco-friendly river management, the Low Impact Development (LID) as the adequate river management method is being undertaken in foreign countries to technically apply to urban plans. However, the LID is at the initial stage in Korea, with no specific studies implemented. Thus, this study explored whether LID technologies can be efficient measures to control non-point source pollution on the cost side. Ulsan's Namgu and Bukgu have been chosen as case studies that illustrate the efficiency of the LID technologies. On investigation, if LID technologies are designed properly, the efficiency of them is expected to higher than that of sewage treatment plant.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.65-74
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• 2005

AnnAGNPS model was applied to a catchment mainly occupied with bushland for modeling non-point source pollution. Since the single event model cannot handle events longer than 24 hours duration, the event-based calibration was carried out using the continuous mode. As event flows affect sediment and nutrient generation and transport, the calibration of the model was performed in three steps: Hydrologic, Sediment and Nutrient calibrations. The results from hydrologic calibration for the catchment indicate a good prediction of the model with average ARE(Absolute Relative Error) of $24.6\%$ fur the runoff volume and $12\%$ for the peak flow. For the sediment calibration, the average ARE was $198.8\%$ indicating acceptable model performance for the sediment prediction. The predicted TN(Total Nitrogen) and TP(Total Phosphorus) were also found to be acceptable as the average ARE for TN and TP were $175.5\%\;and\;126.5\%$, respectively. The AnnAGNPS model was therefore approved to be appropriate to model non-point source pollution in bushland catchments. In general, the model was likely to result in underestimation for the larger events and overestimation fur the smaller events for the water quality predictions. It was also observed that the large errors in the hydrologic prediction also produced high errors in sediment and nutrient prediction. This was probably due to error propagation in which the error in the hydrologic prediction influenced the generation of error in the water quality prediction. Accurate hydrologic calibration should be hence obtained for a reliable water quality prediction.

• Clean Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.295-299
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• 2013

This study was purposed and performed to evaluate removal efficiency of non-point source pollution in the process and system based on bio-retention design criteria regulated by EPA. Basic Column Reactors (BCR) were prepared for optimal determinations of inflow rate of first rainfall runoff and composition and ratio of soil layers. Removal efficiencies of non-point source pollution from synthetic runoff and real first rainfall runoff, directly sampled from motor way and parking lot, were analyzed, respectively. Removal efficiency of SS, BOD, COD, T-N, and T-P were all shown to be more than 80%.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1499-1509
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• 2016

This study was performed to analyze the effects of a water circulation green area plan on non-point source pollution in Gimhae South Korea. A quantitative analysis of Arc-GIS data was conducted by applying a watershed model based on Fortran to investigate the changes to direct runoff and pollution load. Results showed that prior to the implementation of the water circulation green area plan in Gimhae, direct runoff was $444.05m^3/year$, total biological oxygen demand (BOD) pollution load was 21,696 kg/year, and total phosphorus (TP) pollution load was 1,743 kg/year. Implementation of the development plan was found to reduce direct runoff by 2.27%, BOD pollution load by 1.16% and TP pollution load by 0.19% annually. The reduction in direct runoff and non-point source pollution were attributed to improvements in the design of impermeable layers within the city.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1995

Despite the widespread use of GIS over the past ten years, it has been limited application for regional modeling of pollutant loadings such as sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus(non-point source pollution), The goals of this study were to: select important processes and parameters of watersheds that contribute to non-point source pollution degradation, develop a ranking model to use the environmental geologic data and verify the model by comparing results with existing water quality data(Chung-ju Lake) for specific watersheds, The GIS database consisted of topography, geology, soils, precipitation, rainfall erosivity, land use, and watershed boundaries. The index(NPSP) for assessing non-point source pollution was comprised in the following three seperate components: soil loss index(SLI) assesses the potential soil erosion and sedim-ent delivery from field to stream; run-off potential ratio(R.P.R) predicts the potential production of surface runoff; chloropgyll-a index ranks the potential manure(animal or human) production within a watershed. The GIS model was a valuable tool to assess the impact of environmental pollation in watersheds.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.585-597
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• 2018

This study aims to investigate the variation of water quality and discharge under the condition of climate change and Best Management Practices (BMPs), which is one of the reduction methods for non-point source pollution. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is applied to case in Cheongmicheon watershed. The coefficients required for SWAT model were calibrated using SWAT Calibration and Uncertainty Program. Climate change is considered by using Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. It is known from simulation results that the non-point source pollutant increases under the climate change scenario assuming worse condition. It is also found in this study that an appropriate application of BMPs is able to reduce the quantity and temporal variation of non-point source pollutant effectively.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.102-108
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• 2014

Studies of non-point pollutant treatment facilities have widely been conducted for a decade, but natural non-point pollutant treatment facilities implemented on roads have not been carried out for the removal efficiency of non-point pollution sources. This study analyzed the removal efficiency of non-point pollution sources from constructed wetlands using monitoring and event mean concentration method. As a result of this study, removal efficiency of general non-point pollution sources as TSS, COD, BOD is relatively good, but removal efficiency of TN, TP, Cr, Zn, Pb is very small or nothing.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.371-381
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• 2014

Recently the water quality management policy gives priority to management the point source. Non-point pollution source is difficult to comprehend because those don't have certain outflow point and emission. There are many development and research about BMPs for manage the Non-point pollution source. Various methods of removal efficiency are presented for assessment of Best Management Practices (BMPs). In this study, retention time have effect on removal efficiency based on monitoring results of Grassed Swale is studied. Also, Compare a difference according to various methods of Grassed Swale removal efficiency. The result of removal efficiency analysis depending on retention time of Grassed Swale, removal efficiency is higher as retention time increases. To obtain a stable removal efficiency of Grassed Swale, retention time of Grassed Swale should be secure.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.196-203
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• 2010

The bistatic sonar operations using a spatially-separated source and receiver are classified into cooperative and non-cooperative operations. In the cooperative operation, an active signal of a friendly ship is used and the source information is known previously. In the non-cooperative operation, an active signal of the enemy is used and it is difficult to find out the source information. The source information consists of the range, speed, course and frequency of the source. It gives advantage to operating bistatic sonar. This paper suggests a method of estimating the source information with geographic information in the sea and the single-ping of the enemy. The source range is given using one geographic point. And the source speed, course and the frequency of the enemy's source signal are given using two geographic points. Finally, the validity of the scheme is confirmed through a simulation study.