• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.950-959
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• 2008

Purpose: The present study was conducted in order to examine claustrophobia, noise sensitivity and vital signs according to anxiety sensitivity level in patients who have Magnet Resonance Imaging(MRI). Methods: With 100 outpatients, we measured anxiety sensitivity, claustrophobia, noise sensitivity and vital sign before and after MRI. Measuring tools were ASI, CLQ-M, and NSI. Data were collected from February to March, 2008. Results: The ASI score was higher in women than in men(p < .05), and no statistically significant difference was observed according to age, region of scanning, experience in MRI, and the use of contrast agent. Both men and women patients showed the same ASI score and decrease in CLQ M and NSI between before and after MRI. In women, ASI, CLQ M and NSI were in positive correlation with one another(p < .001), and in men, there was no correlation between ASI and CLQ M, and positive correlation was observed with NSI(p < .05). In comparison according to ASI level, blood pressure and pulse rate were not different in men and women. CLQ M was not different in men, but was different in women(p < .001). NSI was different in both men and women(men p < .05; women p < .001). Conclusion: MRI may cause claustrophobia in patients with high anxiety sensitivity, and noise appears to aggravate anxiety. In particular, claustrophobia was more serious in women than in men. Therefore, it is necessary to develop nursing interventions to reduce anxiety sensitivity particularly for female patients, and to make plans to educate and lower noise before MRI in order to reduce claustrophobia.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.319-328
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to identify nursing interventions clinically applicable to relieve displeasure and anxiety of patients having an operation in which loud noise was unavoidable. Methods: Participants were 34 patients scheduled to have a total knee replacement. They were assigned to either the control (17 patients) or experimental (17 patients) group. Data were collected from September to November 2010. The instruments used for the survey included noise-control earplugs, a noise level meter (TES-1358) and a structured scale measuring degree of noise perception, displeasure and anxiety. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, standard deviation, $x^2$-test, and t-test with the SPSS WIN 18.0 program. Results: Hypothesis 1: 'The displeasure levels of the experimental group of patients wearing earplugs will be lower than the control group patients without earplugs' was accepted (t=-20.769, p<.001). Hypothesis 2: 'The anxiety levels of the experimental group of patients wearing earplugs will be lower than the control group patients without earplugs' was accepted (t=-6.298, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on these findings, the wearing of earplugs for patients having a surgical operation with loud noises is recommended as an effective nursing intervention to relieve patient displeasure and anxiety during their surgical operations.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1986-1993
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• 2003

The spatially resolved spray volume fractions from both line-of-sight data of direct measuring cells and a laser diffraction particle analyzer (LDPA) are tomographically reconstructed by the Convolution Fourier transformation, respectively. Asymmetric sprays generated from a twin-hole injector are tested with 12 equiangular projections of measurements. For each projection angle, a line-of-sight integrated injection rate was measured using a direct sampling method and also a liquid volume fraction from a set of line-of-sight Fraunhofer diffraction measurements was measured using a light extinction method. Interpolated data between the projection angles effectively increase the number of projections, significantly enhancing the signal-to-noise level in the reconstructed data. The reconstructed volume fractions from the direct sampling cells were used as reference data for evaluating the accuracy of the volume fractions from the LDPA.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회논문집; 용평리조트 타워콘도, 21-22 May 1998
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• pp.173-178
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• 1998

An automatic Q. C. tester for a production line of electric grinder is developed using vibration signals. The methods of measuring and analyzing the vibration signals are found through several experiments at laboratory and production line. The experiments show that checking a vibration signal at running condition only, without any sound signal, is enough to judge whether the product is good or not. The Q. C. tester is made of accelerometer and PC. Measured vibration signal using accelerometer is transmitted to PC through A/D board. Vibration level are calculated using FFT algorithm in PC for already selected five frequency bands, which can specify the cause of fault. The Judging criteria of vibration levels of each bands are decided through a lot of experiment with the comparison of manual judgement.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 주파수 변조 연속파(FMCW) 전파고도계의 재밍 환경에서의 강인한 고도 측정을 위한 재밍 탐지/회피 알고리즘을 제안한다. 전파고도계 재밍 탐지 알고리즘은 재밍 탐지를 위해 송수신 구간 앞에 노이즈 측정구간을 두어 노이즈 레벨을 측정하고, 샘플링한 노이즈파형에 대해 재밍 임계치를 넘는 포인트를 산출하여 재밍을 탐지한다. 재밍 회피 알고리즘으로 시간영역에서의 재밍 회피, 송신 출력 및 수신 이득 제어, 주파수 도약을 설계하였다. 제안한 알고리즘은 실제적인 환경에서 평가하기 위한 야외시험을 통해 성공적으로 검증하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제26권6_spc호
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• pp.644-650
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• 2016

Track maintenance works based on track geometry recordings are essential to enhance the safety and comfort of railway transportation. Usually, the track irregularity has been measured by a special inspection trains which all were imported from abroad. Because the inspection train speed is limited under 160 km/h, it takes a long time to inspect railways and there is difficulty in daytime operation. To solve this problem, we started to develop a track geometry measuring system (TGMS) with measurement speed up to 300 km/h which can be installed in commercial vehicles such as HEMU-430X. In this paper, we introduce a newly developed inertial TGMS and propose two inertial navigation system (INS) algorithms (method A, B) for measuring track geometry. In order to investigate advantage and disadvantage of each algorithm, we performed vibration test of the TGMS, which was simulated by 6-axis shaking table. Through the vibration test, we analyzed the influence of vehicle vibration on the TGMS which will be installed on bogie frame. To the vibration test, two methods satisfied the required accuracy of track geometry measurement under the level of the actual vehicle vibration of HEMU-430X train. Theoretically, method A is sensitive to vehicle vibration than method B. However, HEMU-430X's bogie vibration frequency range is out of interest range of measurement system. Therefore, method A can also apply the HEMU-430X train.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2014

PURPOSES : This study is to predict the Sound Pressure Level(SPL) obtained from the Noble Close ProXimity(NCPX) method by using the Extended Kalman Filter Algorithm employing the taylor series and Linear Regression Analysis based on the least square method. The objective of utilizing EKF Algorithm is to consider stochastically the effect of error because the Regression analysis is not the method for the statical approach. METHODS : For measuring the friction noise between the surface and vehicle's tire, NCPX method was used. With NCPX method, SPL can be obtained using the frequency analysis such as Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT), Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) and Constant Percentage Bandwidth(CPB) Analysis. In this research, CPB analysis was only conducted for deriving A-weighted SPL from the sound power level in terms of frequencies. EKF Algorithm and Regression analysis were performed for estimating the SPL regarding the vehicle velocities. RESULTS : The study has shown that the results related to the coefficient of determination and RMSE from EKF Algorithm have been improved by comparing to Regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS : The more the vehicle is fast, the more the SPL must be high. But in the results of EKF Algorithm, SPLs are irregular. The reason of that is the EKF algorithm can be reflected by the error covariance from the measurements.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.149-153
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• 2002

지구자기장 이하의 저자기장 측정에 있어서 소형이고 소비전력이 작으면서 장기적 안정성이 요구되는 분야에 flux-gate 마그네토미터를 많이 사용하고 있다. 또한 많은 저자기장 측정분야가 지구자기장의 크기측정보다는 지자장의 변화를 측정하는 경우가 많기 때문에, 본 연구에서 측정범위가 $\pm$1,000 nT, 5pT/√Hz (at 1 Hz)인 flux-gate센서를 사용 $\pm$50000 nT인 지구자기장을 순차적 근사법으로 보상한 후 지구자기장의 변화를 고감도로 측정할 수 있는 3-축의 flux-gate 마그네토미터를 개발하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2018

PURPOSES : The permeable pavement type has been rapidly developed for solving problems regarding traffic noise in the area of housing complex and heavy rainwater drainage in order to account for the climate change. In this regards, the objective of this study is to figure out the characteristics of pavement types. METHODS : The laboratory test for deriving optimum asphalt content (OAC) was conducted using the mixtures of the permeable asphalt surface for the pavement surface from Marshall compaction method. Based on its results, the pavement construction at the test field was conducted. After that, the site performance tests for measuring the traffic noise, strength and permeability were carried out for the relative evaluation in 2 months after the traffic opening. The specific site tests are noble close proximity method (NCPX), Light falling deflectometer test (LFWD) and the compact permeability test. RESULTS : The ordered highest values of the traffic noise level can be found such as normal dense graded asphalt, drainage and porous structure types. In the results from LFWD, the strength values of the porous and drainage asphalt types had been lower, but the strength of normal asphalt structure had relatively stayed high. CONCLUSIONS :The porous structure has been shown to perform significantly better in permeability and noise reduction than others. In addition to this study, the evaluation of the properties and the determination of the optimum thickness for the subgrade course under the porous pavement will be conducted using ground investigation technique in the further research.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권5C호
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• pp.393-402
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 PPG(Photoplethysmography)센서를 통하여 검출되는 심장박동신호를 이용하여 스트레스 여부를 판단하고, 이를 위한 효과적인 신호처리를 연구한다. 측정되는 PPG신호를 바탕으로 PPI(Pulse to Pulse Interval)와 이산 신호처리 방법을 이용하여 감성자극을 판단한다. 감성자극에 대한 반응을 실험하기 위하여 피실험자들은 스트레스영상과 안정영상을 TV를 통하여 시청하였다. 스트레스 정도에 따라 다양한 신체반응이 나타나며, 그 중 가장 큰 변화를 나타내는 심장박동수의 변화를 PPG센서를 이용하여 검출한다. 그러나 측정에 의한 오차와 피실험자의 동작에 의한 오차가 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 감성자극 판단에 오차를 유발하는 신호잡음과 동작잡음을 제거하기 위한 방안을 제안한다. PPG센서를 통하여 검출된 심장박동신호에 섞여있는 고주파대역의 신호잡음을 제거하기 위하여 전처리에서 스펙트로그램을 이용한 에너지밀도 분석법으로 피실험자에 적응된 해밍 필터를 적용한다. PPG센서와 피실험자간의 접촉상태 때문에 발생되는 동작잡음으로 인하여 발생될 수 있는 스트레스 검출오차를 수정하기 위하여 후처리에서 히스테리시스를 적용한다. 실험결과 심장박동의 특성을 고려하지 않은 방안에 비하여 신호잡음을 효과적으로 줄였으며, 동작잡음에 의한 검출오차를 개선하였다.