• 자원환경지질
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

이번 연구에서는 2021년 ARA12B 탐사를 통해 동시베리아해 대륙붕의 서로 다른 수심을 갖는 2개의 정점에서 수집한 망가니즈단괴 440개[ARA12B-St52 (150 m, n = 239), ARA12B-St58i (73 m, n = 201)]에 대하여 형태학적·지화학적 분석을 수행하고, 수심에 따른 단괴의 특성 변화를 고찰하였다. 단괴의 크기는 두 정점 모두에서 3 cm 이상의 크기가 일반적이다. 그러나 단괴의 외형적 특징은 수심에 따라 크게 차이가 있다. 수심 150 m에서 획득된 단괴의 일반적인 형태는 거친 표면조직을 가지는 갈색-흑색의 판상형, 원통형 및 타원체형이다. 반면, 수심 73 m에서 회수된 단괴들은 매끄러운 표면을 가지는 노랑-갈색의 판상형 단괴가 대부분을 차지한다. 또한 단괴의 내부조직, 공극률 및 구성원소와 관련이 있는 크기와 무게 간 추세선의 기울기는 150 m의 단괴의 경우 약 1.60, 83 m 단괴는 약 0.84로 큰 차이가 있음이 확인되었다. 이는 단괴의 내부조직 및 화학조성에 차이로부터 기인한다. 단괴의 내부조직과 화학조성 분석 결과, 수심 150 m의 단괴들은 핵을 중심으로 두꺼운 Mn층과 얇은 Fe층들로 이루어진 반면, 83 m의 단괴들은 핵을 중심으로 얇은 Mn 및 Fe층이 교호하며 성장한다. 마이크로 X선 형광분석(µ-XRF)을 통해 단괴의 절개면에서 분석된 평균 화학조성은 150 m 단괴의 경우 Mn 40.6 wt%, Fe 5.2 wt%, Mn/Fe 비 7.9이며, 83 m 단괴의 경우 Mn 10.3 wt%, Fe 19.0 wt%, Mn/Fe 비 0.6이다. 타 해역 단괴들의 화학조성과 비교한 결과 수심 150 m에서 회수된 단괴의 조성은 태평양의 페루 분지의 단괴들과 유사한 반면, 83 m에서 획득된 단괴의 조성은 태평양의 쿡 섬 또는 발트해의 단괴들과 유사하다. 관찰된 단괴들의 형태학적·지화학적 특성은 두 정점에서 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내며, 이는 북극해 대륙붕의 수심에 따라 단괴의 형성 당시의 환경적 조건에 명확한 차이가 있음을 지시한다.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.67-69
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• 2003

Three mature layer chickens from a farm in which chickens showed green diarrhea, cyanosis, lethargy, loss of appetite were pathologically examined. Grossly, multiple variable sized caseous nodules were detected in the liver, intestinal serosa and mesentery. In addition, parathypoid nodules in the liver and fibrous serositis on the several peritoneal organs and tissues were noticed. One of spleens had multiple infarction areas. Histologically caseous nodules consisted of central caseous core and peripheral epithelioid cells overlying the fibrous connective tissue. Multinucleated giant cells were scattered between the epithelioid cells and fibrous connective tissue. In these nodules Gram negative cocobacilus bacterial colonies were present, whereas Periodic Schiff reaction and Ziehl-Neelsen stain detected neither fungi nor acid fast bacteria. From these results multiple granulomas might be induced by Escherichia coli. In addition, severe Ascafdiodf and Salmonellosis were coinfected in these chickens.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.222-227
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• 1998

The activities of enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism have been determinated in the host cytosolic and bacteroid fractions of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) nodules formed with B. japonicum I 16 and in roots of nodulated cowpeas. The host cytosolic fraction of the nodules contained the enzymes of glycolytic pathway and the pentose phosphate pathway, whereas the bacteroids had only limited capacity for carbohydrate metabolism and appeared to be insufficient for the complete glycolytic pathway as well as starch synthesis and degradation. In a time-course study, using plants grown in a glasshouse, the acetylene-reducing activity (ARA) of the nodules increased in parallel with the total N content of plants and protein of the nodules until approximately 8 weeks after planting. Subsequently, the weight and size of the nodules and the weight of the plants continued to increase, but there was a sharp decrease in the ARA and the total N content of the plants.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.455-463
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• 2014

This paper presents data from performance tests carried out to assess a manganese nodule crusher. Manganese nodules should be crushed into smaller pieces in order to assure the slurry flow of the lifting system. Both artificial nodules and real manganese nodules are used to evaluate nodule breaking ability of the crusher. The crushing performance of the crusher depends on the flow rate and pressure of the power transmission device. The size of the crushed manganese nodules also depends on the shape of the crushing drum. In this paper, several comparative tests are carried out to evaluate and improve the crushing performance and find the optimal design point of the crusher.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2017

Clinical data about vocal nodules have seldom been reported, even though vocal nodules are commonly diagnosed in outpatient speech and voice clinic. This study aims to investigate clinical characteristics of the patients who are diagnosed with vocal nodules. This study analyzed the data for 10 years from the 319 patients diagnosed with vocal nodules (45 males and 274 females with the mean age of 39.4 ranging from 2 to 83) in terms of gender, age, occupation, voice change initiation pattern, change with time, throat clearing, smoking history, type of voice abuse, acoustic analysis, maximum phonation time, GRBAS, and VHI. Thirteen patients (4.08%) had unilateral vocal nodule and 306 patients (95.9%) had bilateral vocal nodule, the majority of which had a pattern of asymmetry (73.9%). The glottal closure pattern was hourglass in 72.1% of patients, posterior chink in 17.9% of patients, and irregular in 7.9% of patients. The most common occupational category was professional voice users (43.4%). The voice abuse pattern included excessive talking in 96 patients (76.8%), loud voice in 78 (62.4%) patients, and excessive singing in 17 patients (21.6%). The patients showed worse scores in G, B, and S than in R and A for the GRBAS evaluation. The most recommended treatment for vocal nodules was voice therapy. The current clinical data will be helpful for treatment planning for the patients of vocal nodule.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.429-437
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to correct the nodule abundance of FFG (Free Fall Grab) sampler on KODOS (Korea Deep Ocean Study) area in North-East Pacific Ocean. The image analysis of sea-floor photography was carried out for correcting the abundance of nodules, and the image enhancement techniques and edge detection method were used to discriminate between nodules and sediments. The trace of nodules on sediments was detected to reduce the fractionation effect in calculating the coverage of nodules. The three methods, using the coverage of nodules, using the volume density, and using corrected volume density, were utilized for the correction of the nodule abundance. The method using the coverage of nodules was more convenient and available for the correction of nodule abundance than the other two methods. The method using the corrected volume density had the highest confidence level compared with the other methods.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2023

Background: The number of patients with incidentally identified pulmonary nodules is increasing. This study attempted to confirm the usefulness and safety of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) core needle biopsy of pulmonary nodules. Methods: Data from 18 patients diagnosed with pulmonary nodules who underwent VATS core need biopsy were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Of the 18 patients, 15 had malignancies (primary lung cancer, n=14; metastatic lung cancer, n=1), and 3 had benign nodules. Mortality and pleural metastasis did not occur during the follow-up period. Conclusion: In patients with solitary pulmonary nodules that require tissue confirmation, computed tomography-guided percutaneous cutting needle biopsy or diagnostic pulmonary resection sometimes may not be feasible choices due to the location of the solitary pulmonary nodule or the patient's impaired pulmonary function, VATS core needle biopsy may be performed in these patients as an alternative method.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.947-955
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• 2019

Degenerating nodules (DNs), which primarily manifest as benign thyroid nodules, are one of the main causes of discordance in ultrasonography (US) and cytological assessments. Intranodular hemorrhage is one of the mechanisms contributing to discordant nodules, and an impaired blood supply may explain further DN shrinkage and infarction. The surgical specimens can be divided into acute and chronic stages based on the histological changes, which usually mimic the US features of malignant tumors. Serial US follow-up should be recommended instead of other unnecessary procedures. However, repeated fine-needle aspiration, diagnostic surgery, or core-needle biopsy may still be necessary for indeterminable or highly suspicious DNs.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.110-122
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• 1988

해양연구소는 한국 해양학사상 처음으로 1983년 12월 북태평양의 클라리온-클리퍼톤균열대 (Clarion and Clipperton Fracture Zones) 사이에서 망간단괴와 망간각을 채취하였으며, 이때 사용된 해양조사선은 하와이대학의 KANA KEOKI호였다. 본 연구는 KONOD-1 지역에서 채취된 망간단괴와 망간각의 광물조성과 유용금속성분을 분석, 경호하였으며, 태평양 심해저 평원에서 보고된 망간만괴와 비교하였다. 한편 광물 및 금속함량을 기초하여 금속원소의 공급원과 망간단괴가 형성되는 원리를 해석하였다. 연구지역 망간단괴는 망간산화물로 토도로카이트(todorokite)와 ${\delta}$-$MnO_2$로 그리고 망간각은 ${\delta}$-$MnO_2$로 조성되어 있다. 주요 금속성분의 평균함량은 Mn 21.4%, Fe 6.2%, Ni 0.9%, Cu 0.7%, 그리고 Co 0.2% 이며, 이 값은 클라리온과 클리퍼톤 균열대 지역에서 규질연니를 표층퇴적물로 하고 있는 심해저평원 망간만괴에서 보고된 값보다 적다. 그러나 망간단괴중 높은 Mn/Fe비 (평균 3.9, 최고 5.9)와 높은 Cu/Ni비 (평균 0.8, 최고 1.0)는 북태평양에서 속성작용으로 형성된 망간단괴와 일치한다. KONOD-1 지역 망간단괴의 화학적 특징은 두 종류로 대분되며, 각각의 특성은 망간단괴가 형성된 퇴적환경을 암시한다. 강한 속성작용의 망간단괴는 심해저평원지역 규질연니의 현생 퇴적층위에서 형성되고 있으며 약한 속성작용의 망간단괴는 심해저 구릉이 분포하는 지형, 즉 퇴적층이 균일하지 못한 환경에 주로 분포되어 있다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.70-75
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• 1999

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the methods of diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules. Materials and Methods : We performed a clinical review of patients with thyroid nodules, who were surgically treated at the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chosun University from January 1996 to December 1998. Results: 1) The patients were divided into two groups; 65 patients(80.2%) with benign nodular disease and 16 patients(19.8%) with malignant disease. 2) The sex distribution showed a preponderance of females with a ratio of 5.2:1 in benign nodular disease and 3:1 in malignant disease. Benign nodules were more prevalent in patients in their 40's as compared to malignant nodules in patients in their 50's and 60's. 3) The most common duration of illness was 3 months, occurring in 45.7% of the total cases. 4) The most prominent symptom and sign was a palpable nodule in the anterior aspect of the neck. 5) The location of the nodule was ; 41 cases in the right lobe, 29 cases in the left lobe, and 11 cases in both lobes. 6) Thyroid scanning of 40 patients revealed cold nodules in 90.6% of benign nodules and in all malignant disease. 7) Fine needle aspiration cytology were performed in 32 cases of the 81 patients. Comparing with postoperative pathological findings, the results were the same in 87.5% of 32 cases. 8) Intra-operative frozen section study was performed in 56 cases of the 81 patients. Comparing with postoperative pathological finding, the results were same in 96.4% of the 56 cases. 9) The histopathological classification revealed that adenomatous goiters were the most common benign disease and papillary carcinomas were the most common malignant disease. 10) The most frequently employed operation for benign nodules and malignant disease was unilateral total lobectomy. When the metastasis was confirmed, lymphadenectomy and radical neck dissection was performed in malignant disease. 11) Important postoperative complications were transient hoarseness, transient hypocalcemia, hypothyroidism, wound bleeding, and hoarseness. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that palpable nodules in anterior aspect of neck is revealed cold nodule by thyroid scanning and malignancy by fine needle aspiration cytology, which should be removed surgically. There is no difference in complication and survival rate with type of operation and lymphatic dissection. Therefore, procedure of operation is dependent on the site of nodule and involvement of lymph node.