• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3149-3152
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• 2012

Objective: The prognostic significance of perineural invasion (PNI) in gastric cancer has been previously investigated but not clearly clarified. The objective of our study was to investigate the role of PNI as prognostic factor in patients undergoing curative surgical resection and without distant metastasis in comparison with other clinicopathological factors. Methods: Between 2001 and 2010, 287 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma underwent radical gastrectomy recorded in hospital based registries. PNI was assessed as positive when cancer cells were seen in the perinerium or neural fascicles intramurally. Categorical and continuous variables were summarized using descriptive statistics and compared using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests, respectively. Cancer related survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: PNI was positive in 211 of 287 cancers (73%), with a positive relation to lymph node metastases and advanced stage (p=0.0001, p=0.0001, respectively), mural invasion, and lymphatic and blood vessel invasion (p=0.0001, p=0.0001, respectively). The median survival of the PNI positive patients was significantly shorter than that of their PNI negative counterparts (24.1 versus 38.2 months, p=0.008). In the multivariate analysis, we detected PNI was an independent prognostic factor (p=0.025, HR=1.21, 95% CL 1.08-2.3) along with classical clinicopathological variables such as lymph node involvement (p=0.001), pT stage (p=0.03), and LVI (p=0.017), but not age, gender, tumour localization, stage, histologic type, and surgery procedure. Conclusions: PNI positivity in gastric cancers was related mural invasion, lymph node involvement, advanced stage and lymphatic and venous blood vessels. The presence of PNI appeared as an independent prognostic factor on survival on multivariate analysis, not influenced by tumor stage, lymph node metastases and other classical factors.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.453-459
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic knowledge to determine the proper seam finish according to the design of sewing products. Four seam finishes(no seam finishes, over-edged seam finishes, turned-and-stitched seam finishes, and bias-bound seam finishes) were constructed with seams in warp, weft and bias directions of the fabric. Using a drape measurement system involving two 18cm diameter supporting disks and a digital camera, the images of draped specimens were captured and processed. Drape behavior was evaluated in terms of drape coefficient, node number, and drape profile. Drape coefficients of the fabrics increased with seam formation and varied by the seam finishes, however no significant differences in drape coefficients by the seam finishes were observed on the heavier fabric. Node numbers of heavier fabric were more deeply affected by the seam finishes than those of lighter fabric. The specimens with turned-and-stitched seam finishes and bias-bound seam finishes showed significantly smaller node numbers compared to the specimens with no seam finishes and over-edged seam finishes on heavier fabric. The length of the seamed part showed positive correlation with the weight of the specimens and negative correlation with the number of nodes in each seam direction. The maximum length of all draped specimens was found in the same direction as the seam direction. In the case of the lighter fabric, the seam and the seam finish had a great influence on the shape of the draped profile.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.5047-5052
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• 2012

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy of women in Kashmir. This study was conducted with the objective of assessing hormone receptor positivity and its correlation with age at diagnosis, tumor size, histological grade and lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods: 132 newly diagnosed cases of invasive breast cancer diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, SKIMS, Srinagar, J&K, were included after excluding biopsies, in-situ lesions and recurrence cases. Results: Mean age of the patients was 48.2 years, 59.1% being ${\leq}50$ years of age. Mean duration of symptoms was 6.32 months. Most lesions (65.1%) were 2-5 cm and 16.7% were ${\geq}5.0$ cm in greatest dimension. The predominant (80.3%) morphology was IDC-NOS. The majority of the cases presented as grade II (52.1%) lesions and lymph node involvement was present in 65.2%. ER and PR were positive in 66.3% and 63.4% cases, respectively, increasing with rising age. High grade lesions and larger size tumors were more likely to be ER and PR negative. No correlation was found between ER/PR status and lymph node metastasis. Conclusions: ER and PR expression in breast cancers in the current study was found to be higher than studies done in India/Asia but lower than studies conducted in the West, even on Indian/Asian immigrants. Markedly lower receptor expression in Indian/Asian studies is likely due to preanalytic variables, thresholds for positivity, and interpretation criteria. American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Guideline Recommendations for Immunohistochemical Testing of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Breast Cancer are strongly advocated for standardization of receptor evaluation and for clinical management of breast cancer patients to provide best therapeutic options.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5819-5823
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• 2014

Purpose: To investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 3 (HIFPH3) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore the correlation of HIFPH3 expression with lymph node metastasis and microvessel density (MVD). Materials and Methods: A total of 73 cases of NSCLC specimens, 24 cases of para-cancerous tissues, and 20 normal pulmonary tissues were collected for HIFPH3 and CD31 immunohistochmical (IHC) study. Microvessel density (MVD) of the NSCLC tissues was also determined based on the expression of CD31. Results: The expression of HIFPH3 in carcinoma tissue was statistically higher than para-cancerous and normal pulmonary tissues (${\chi}^2=48.806$, p<0.05). Compared withthe negative lymph node metastasis group, the lymph node metastasis group showed significantly higher HIFPH3 expression (${\chi}^2=6.300$, p<0.05). The strong HIFPH3+group displayed a significantly higher MVD than weak HIFPH3+ and HIFPH3- groups (p<0.05). No differences in positive HIFPH3 expression were noted regarding the tumor diameter, age, smoking status, gender of NSCLC patients, tumor size, histopathology, or differentiation. Conclusions: HIFPH3 expression in human NSCLC lesions is significantly higher than that in para-cancerous and normal lung tissues and is positively associated with lymph node metastasis and MVD.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.337-346
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• 1993

This is a retrospective cohort analysis of 58 patients who treated with postoperative radiation therapy following radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic adenectomy for early stage carcinoma of uterine cervix between January 1988 and December 1990 at department of radiation oncology, Keimyoung University Hospital. Sixteen percent of patients (9/58) had chemotherapy. Most patients were FIGO I b (47 patients), and FIGO I a and II a were one and ten patients, respectively. The median follow-up periods were 48.5 months. The indications for radiation therapy included pelvic lymph node metastasis, large tumor size, deep stromal invasion, lymphovascular invasion, positive surgical margin, endometrial invasion and parametrial invasion. Eighty five percent of the patients had more than one risk factor. The actuarial overall five year survival rate (5 YSR) and five year disease free survival rate (5 YDFSR) were $89.5\%,\;and\;87.8\%,$ respectively. Their overall recurrence rate was $12.1\%,$(758). Distant metastasis was the most common cause of treatment failure $(71.4\%:5/7).$ The univariate analysis of prognostic factors affecting to five year survival rate disclosed pelvic lymph node status (negative: $95.5\%,\;positive:69.2\%,$ p=0.006) and hemoglobin level $(\le11 :75\%,>11g/dl:93.3\%,p=0.05)$ as significant factor. The age status was marginally significant $(\le40:96.0\%,\;>\;40:84.3\%p=0.15).$ Multivariate analysis clarified three independent prognostic factors: pelvic lymph node metastasis (p=p.006), hemoglobin level (p=0.015) and age (p=0.035). Multivariate analysis of prognostic factor affecting to five year disease free survival rate disclosed pelvic lymph node status (p=0.0078) and status of surgical margin (p=0.008). Complications relating to radiotherapy were $10.3\%,(6/58).$ There were no severe major complication requiring surgical intervention or a long hospital stay. It is our opinion that the benefit of postoperative pelvic radiotherapy may be gained in such a high risk patient population with acceptible morbidity.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2020

Background Methods for identifying local lymph node metastasis in malignant melanoma include sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and lymph node dissection (LND). In particular, SLNB has been widely used in recent years. This study aimed to retrospectively confirm the adequacy of the current indication criteria for SLNB by applying those criteria to a mixed group of patients who previously received SLNB and LND. Methods This study included 77 patients with malignant melanoma of the extremities and trunk who were monitored for >24 months. The patients were classified according to whether the current indication criteria for SLNB were applicable. The sentinel lymph nodes were evaluated for each group. Patients for whom the indication criteria for SLNB and LND were applicable were analyzed according to whether SLNB or LND was performed. Finally, the outpatient records of these patients were reviewed to evaluate recurrence, metastasis, and prognosis. Results Of the 77 patients, SLNB was indicated according to the current criteria in 60 cases. Among the 60 patients for whom SLNB was indicated, 35 survived the follow-up period disease-free, 21 died during the follow-up period, and four experienced metastasis. The 17 patients for whom SLNB was not indicated had no recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions Patients for whom SLNB was not indicated had no recurrence or metastasis. In cases where SLNB is indicated, the possibility of metastasis and recurrence may be high even if SLNB is negative or LND is performed, so more aggressive treatment and careful follow-up are crucial.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.665-671
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• 2004

배경: 흉부 식도암에서의 림프절 전이는 식도암이 점막하층에만 국한된 경우라도 흔하게 발견된다고 보고되고 있다. 림프절 전이가 수술 후의 예후에 큰 영향을 주고 있음에도 불구하고 조기식도암의 림프절 전이 양상은 완전히 조사되어 있지 않으며 림프절 절제술의 역할에 대해서도 여전히 의견이 분분하다. 대상 및 방법: 저자는 1995년 12월부터 2001년 8월까지 수술한 표층부(T1)식도암 환자 44예를 대상으로 림프절 전이의 양상을 후향적으로 연구하였다. 결과: 총 44예의 환자 중에서 림프절 전이는 총 10예(22.7%)에서 있었다. 식도암의 침윤 정도에 따라 볼 때 상피성 점막층에 국한된 경우 3예 중 0예, 점막고유 점막층까지 침윤된 경우 4예 중 0예, 근육성 점막층까지 침윤된 경우 4예 중 2예, 그리고 점막하층까지 침윤된 경우 33예 중 8예에서 림프절 전이가 발견되었다. 반회후두신경 림프절 전이는 5예, 복강내 림프절 전이가 8예에서 있어 흉부내 림프절 전이 3예보다 흔히 있었다. 수술사망은 없었고 병원사망이 점막고유층 환자에서 1예, 만기사망이 점막하식도암 환자에서 1예 있었다. 병원사망을 제외한 3년 생존율은 점막식도암이 100%, 점막하식도암은 97.0% (32/33예)였다(p＞0.05). 림프절 전이가 없는 환자들의 3년 생존율은 100%, 림프절 전이가 있는 환자들은 90.0% (9/10예)였다(p＞0.05). 결론: 표층부(T1) 식도암은 수술적 절제 후 생존율이 우수하다. 그러나 표층부(T1) 식도암에서 근육성 점막층 이상의 침윤이 있는 암에서는 림프절전이가 있을 수 있으며 특히 반회후두신경 림프절과 복강내 림프절 등 원격 림프절에도 빈번한 전이가 관찰되므로 광범위한 림프절 절제술이 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2010

Background: The aim of this study was to compare a novel mannose receptor-binding agent(Technetium-99m human serum albumin, $^{99m}Tc$-MSA) with $^{99m}Tc$-phytate for sentinel node mapping in patients with esophageal cancer. Material and Method: Twenty patients with clinical stage T1N0m0 or T2N0M0 esophageal cancer that were candidates for esophagectomy were enrolled. Endoscopic injection of $^{99m}Tc$-MSA or $^{99m}Tc$-phytate was administered at the peri-tumor region before surgery in 10 patients. The radioactive lymph nodes were identified with a handheld gamma probe after lymph node dissection. Results: The patient's age and the sex ratio of both groups were similar. The clinical stage, tumor location, and operative technique did not differ. The total number of dissected lymph nodes did not differ ($28.5{\pm}9.12$ in MSA group, $32.2{\pm}11.24$ in phytate group, p=0.430). The sentinel node was identified in all cases in both groups. The number of sentinel nodes per patient was $2.7{\pm}1.57$ in the MSA group, which was significantly greater than the $1.7{\pm}0.88$ in the phytate group (p=0.036). Five out of 20 patients whose sentinel nodes could be identified had metastases; however, neither group had any false-negative results for sentinel node identification. Conclusion: Sentinel nodes were detected more frequently with MSA than with phytate.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 1995

To determine the role of mediastinoscopy in the preoperative staging of the primary lung cancer, we studied 23 patients from January 1993 to December 1993 and compared the results of mediastinoscopy and computed tomographic scanning with the findings at thoracotomy. Mediastinoscopy was performed in 14 patients when they had larger than 10mm mediastinal nodes at computed tomographic scanning. Six of them were found to have metastatic nodes. Nine patients, who had negative computed tomographic scanning and negative mediastinoscopic results,underwent thoracotomy. One of them was found to have a metastatic mediastinal lymph node. When results from both series of patients were compared, the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomographic scanning showed 83.3% and 47.1% respectively with an accuracy of 56.5%. The results of mediastinoscopy showed that the sensitivity was 85.7%, the specificity was 100% and the accuracy was 95.7%.Because of the low accuracy rate of computed tomographic scanning, a more routine use of mediastinoscopy seems to be justified.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.661-666
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• 2015

Background: Postoperative carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is an independent predictor of survival for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and more powerful than preoperative CA19-9. However, making decisions just dependent on postoperative CA19-9 may result in necessary treatments not being performed. Materials and Methods: A total of 178 patients with resected PDAC were eligible for this retrospective study, classified into two corresponding subgroups according to postoperative CA19-9. Prognostic significance of all clinicopathologic factors was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Postoperative CA19-9, preoperative CA125 and lymph node status were independent predictors. Better predictive performances for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were achieved by postoperative CA19-9 compared to preoperative CA125 and lymph node status. Particularly, preoperative CA125 was associated with poor OS (p<0.001 for the normalized CA19-9 patients, p=0.012 for the elevated) and RFS (p=0.005 for the normalized, p=0.004 for the elevated). Moreover, preoperative CA125 levels related with survival in double-negative patients. Conclusions: Normalization of CA19-9 is not tantamount to be cured. Preoperative CA125 is a critical predictor for PDAC patients, especially in double-negative patients.