• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.45-61
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of Carthami Flos herbal-acupuncture (CF-HA) at Joksamni($ST_{36}$) on arthritis in mice induced by Collagen II. Methods : The author performed several experimental items, including arthritis evaluation, change in weight, spleen size and stenosis rate, change in cytokine level, IgG, IgM and anti-collagen II, change of immunocyte count and histological change of the CIA mouse joint. Conclusions are as follows: Results : 1. In the CF-HA, the arthritis index and rate and the incidence of arthritis were decreased as the experiment proceeded. 2. In the CF-HA, spleen swell and stenosis, joint edema and change were decreased. 3. In the CF-HA, the level of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and $IFN-{\gamma}$ in blood serum were significantly decreased. 4. In the CF-HA, the level of IgG, IgM and anti-collagen II were decreased. 5. In the CF- HA, $IFN-{\gamma}$, $IFN-{\gamma}/IL-4$, IL-10 of the culture fluid was decreased. 6. In the CF-HA, the cell rate of $CD3e^+$ and $CD45R^+$, $CD4^+$ and $CD8^+$, $CD4^+/CD25^+$ in spleen was similar to the cell rate of the normal group. 7. In the CF-HA, the cell rate of $CD4^+/CD25^+$, $CD45R^+/CD69^+$ in a lymph node was decreased as in the normal group. 8. In the CF-HA, the cell rate of $CD3^+/CD69^+$, $CD11b^+/Gr-1^+$ in joints was decreased as in the normal group. 9. In the CF-HA, the cartilage destruction and the inflammation cell growth in the H&E stain were decreased. The collagen fiber in the M&T stain were less destructed, therefore the result was similar to the normal group. Conclusions : These results suggest that CH-HA at $ST_{36}$ has an effect in controlling immune reaction and suppressing inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis therefore, the continuous flow of the following study is expected.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2011

금잔디(Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr.)의 포복경 조직으로부터 식물체 재분화를 위한 최적 조직배양조건을 확립하기 위하여 온실에서 재배한 식물체의 포복경 절편체로부터 식물체 재분화에 미치는 몇 가지 요인을 조사하였다. 포복경 조직으로부터 식물체 재분화에 있어서 기본배지로는 MS배지가 N6배지나 SH배지에 비해 높은 효율을 보였으며, 배지에 첨가되는 식물생장조절물질로는 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D와 1 mg/L of kinetin을 첨가했을 때 33.3%로 가장 높은 재분화율을 보였다. 또한 배지에 첨가되는 탄소원 종류로는 sucrose를 3% (v/v) 농도로 첨가해 주었을 때 재분화 효율이 향상되었으며, 재분화배지에 첨가되는 항산화물질로는 5 mg/L $AgNO_3$와 10 mg/L cysteine을 동시에 첨가해 주었을 때 40%의 가장 높은 식물체 재분화 효율을 나타내어 재분화효율이 향상되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 확립한 금잔디의 포복경 재분화 시스템은 캘러스 배양기간 없이 단기간 내에 재분화 식물체를 높은 효율로 얻을 수 있음으로써 유전자 형질전환을 통한 잔디의 분자육종에 있어서 유용하게 사용되어질 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.267-267
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• 2017

In Korea, the average air temperature has been elevated twice faster than the average global warming. And the climate warming is characterized by the smaller rise of air temperature in summer and the greater rise of air temperature in spring and winter. Therefore, the number of frost-free days to determine the cultivation ability of crops has increased by more than 15 days in 10 years according to climate warming. This climate warming trend has extended and is projected to extend not only the sweet potato growing season but also the sweet potato early cultivating area to higher altitude and latitude region. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of sweet potato double cropping in the southern island area of Korea by assessing the growth and yield performance of sweet potato cultivated at extremely-early and -late time. We had performed at Yokji Island Yokji Island($E128^{\circ}$ 18' $N34^{\circ}$ 36'), a representative specified complex area of sweet potato cultivation in southern Korea. As the test varieties, the major cultivars of the this region, Shinyulmi and early hypertrophic cultivars, Dahomi were used. The prior cropping were planted with PE film mulching on March 30 and April 10, and harvested after 110 days. So the succeeding cropping were planted without PE film mulching on July 25 and August 5 according to the harvesting time of the prior sweet potato and harvested after 120 days. As a control, it was harvested on September 15, 120 days after planted on May 15. Each experimental plot had an area of 12 square meters consisting of 4 beds, and was planted one at a time at intervals of 25cm. We had investigated growth characteristics - main vine length, node number, branch number, total vine yield, and tuberous root characteristics - tuberous root number, average weight, starch value, and etc. After harvesting, we analyzed the economic effects by examining the postharvest quantity, the input labor, the management cost, and the income. The total yield of marketable products in prior and succeeding cropping was 46~70% higher than that of control. The average unit price of sweet potato was 36% higher than the conventional culture, and the gross income increased by 98%, but the operating cost increased by 83%, and the farm income increased by 103%. There are considerations such as the difficulty of enlargement of cultivation area due to lack of labor in limited space and the need for watering measures due to spring drought. However, if the area of application for sweet potatoes double system is increased by 10%, it can be used as a new cropping system.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.280-280
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• 2017

In Korea, the average air temperature has been elevated twice faster than the average global warming. And the climate warming is characterized by the smaller rise of air temperature in summer and the greater rise of air temperature in spring and winter. Therefore, the number of frost-free days to determine the cultivation ability of crops has increased by more than 15 days in 10 years according to climate warming. This climate warming trend has extended and is projected to extend not only the sweet potato growing season but also the sweet potato early cultivating area to higher altitude and latitude region. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of sweet potato double cropping in the southern island area of Korea by assessing the growth and yield performance of sweet potato cultivated at extremely-early and -late time. We had performed at Yokji Island Yokji Island($E128^{\circ}$ 18' $N34^{\circ}$ 36'), a representative specified complex area of sweet potato cultivation in southern Korea. As the test varieties, the major cultivars of the this region, Shinyulmi and early hypertrophic cultivars, Dahomi were used. The prior cropping were planted with PE film mulching on March 30 and April 10, and harvested after 110 days. So the succeeding cropping were planted without PE film mulching on July 25 and August 5 according to the harvesting time of the prior sweet potato and harvested after 120 days. As a control, it was harvested on September 15, 120 days after planted on May 15. Each experimental plot had an area of 12 square meters consisting of 4 beds, and was planted one at a time at intervals of 25cm. We had investigated growth characteristics - main vine length, node number, branch number, total vine yield, and tuberous root characteristics - tuberous root number, average weight, starch value, and etc. After harvesting, we analyzed the economic effects by examining the postharvest quantity, the input labor, the management cost, and the income. The total yield of marketable products in prior and succeeding cropping was 46~70% higher than that of control. The average unit price of sweet potato was 36% higher than the conventional culture, and the gross income increased by 98%, but the operating cost increased by 83%, and the farm income increased by 103%. There are considerations such as the difficulty of enlargement of cultivation area due to lack of labor in limited space and the need for watering measures due to spring drought. However, if the area of application for sweet potatoes double system is increased by 10%, it can be used as a new cropping system.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.55-58
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• 2013

대두 미숙배 배양으로부터 체세포배를 얻기 위해 1 mg/L 2,4-D를 첨가한 MS배지에서 6 - 8주 동안 배양한 결과 2개의 자엽을 갖는 정상체세포배가 14%, 1개의 자엽을 갖는 비정상 체세포배가 37%, 합생자엽을 갖는 비정상 체세포배가 43% 그리고 생장이 멈춘 구형기 체세포배가 6%로 얻어졌다. 체세포배의 전형층은 하배축에서 원형모양으로 분화되어 자엽 절로 이어진 후 1개의 자엽은 1개 전형성층이, 2개의 자엽은 2개의 전형성층이 각 자엽으로 발달하였고, 합생 자엽의 경우 하배축에서 형성된 원형의 전형성층이 자엽까지 연결되어 있었다. 한편 2개의 자엽을 갖는 체세포배의 경우는 tunica-corpus층을 이룬 전형적인 유경조직을 이루고 있었으나 1개 또는 합생 자엽을 갖는 체세포배는 tunica-corpus층이 없고, dome모양이 없는 흔적만 남은 유경조직을 이루고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 체세포배에서 전형성층의 분화는 자엽의 형성과 유경조직의 발달에 밀접한 관계가 있음을 시사한다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.234-238
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• 1975

고추의 성장(成長)과 주요(主要) 성분(成分)의 함량(含量)에 미치는 cation의 영향을 조사(調査)코저 배양액내(培養液內)의 $K^+,\;Ca^{++},\;Mg^+$의 조성(組成)을 달리하여 재배(栽培) 실험(實驗)을 행(行)하고, 이 결과(結果)를 systemic variation Method 중(中) binary interaction방정식(方程式)에 적용(適用)시켜 이상(理想) 조건(條件)을 추구(追求)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 성장(成長) 이상(理想) 조건(條件) 중(中) 초장(草長)은 CKa group에서 $57%\;K^++43%\;Ca^{++}$, KMg group에서 $58.5%\;K^++41.5%\;Mg^+$가 최적조건(最適條件) 이었으며, 마디수에서는 $59.0%K^++41%Ca^{++},\;60%\;K^++40%\;Mg$이었다. 2. 수확량(收穫量)을 최대(最大)로 하기 위한 이상조건(理想條件)은 $60%K^++40%Ca^{++},\;62%K^++38%\;Mg^{++}$이었으며 완숙과(完熟果)에 대(對)하여서는 $57.0%\;K^++43.0%\;Ca^{++},\;63.0%K^++37.0%\;Mg^{++}$이었다. 3. 각(各) 처리별(處理別) free sugar와 capsaicin의 함량(含量)은 유의성이 없었다. 4. 각(各) 처리별(處理別) nitrogen level은 거의 일정치(一定値)를 유지하였으나 Fe/Mn의 값은 $2{\sim}3$을 유지하였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.228-233
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• 1975

고추의 성장(成長)과 주요성분(主要成分)의 함량(含量)에 미치는 anion의 영항을 조사(調査)코져 배양액내(培養液內)의 N, S, P의 조성(組成)을 달리하여 재배(栽培) 실험(實驗)을 행하고 이 결과(結果)를 systematic variation method 중(中) binary iateraction방정식(方程式)에 적응시켜 이상조건(理想條件)을 추구(追求)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 성장(成長) 이상(理想) 조건(條件) 중(中) 초장(草長)은 NS group에서 $75%\;NO_3^-+25%\;SO_4$, NP group에서는 $68.5%\;NO_3^-+31.5%\;PO_4^{--}$가 최적(最適) 조건(條件)이었으며 마디수에서는 $71.0%\;NO_3^-+29.0%\;SO_4$, $75.0%\;NO_3^-+25.0%\;PO_4^{---}$이였다. 2. 수확량(收穫量)은 최대(最大)로 하기 위한 이상(理想) 조건(條件)은 $77.5%\;No_3^-+22.5%\;SO_4$, $72.5%\;NO_3^-+27.5%\;PO_4$였으며, 이 중완숙과(中完熟果)에 대(對)하여서는 $77.0%\;NO_3^-+23.0%\;SO_4$, $73.5%\;NO_3^-+26.5%\;PO_4$이었다. 3. 각(各) 처리(處理) 별(別) free sugar와 capsaicin의 함량(含量)은 유의성이 없었다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.516-522
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• 2017

Background Implant-based breast reconstruction is being performed more frequently, and implants are associated with an increased risk of infection. We reviewed the clinical features of cases of implant infection and investigated the risk factors for breast device salvage failure. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 771 patients who underwent implant-based breast reconstruction between January 2010 and December 2016. Age, body mass index, chemotherapy history, radiation exposure, and smoking history were assessed as potential risk factors for postoperative infection. We also evaluated the presence and onset of infection symptoms, wound culture pathogens, and other complications, including seroma, hematoma, and mastectomy skin necrosis. Additionally, we examined the mastectomy type, the use of acellular dermal matrix, the presence of an underlying disease such as hypertension or diabetes, and axillary node dissection. Results The total infection rate was 4.99% (58 of 1,163 cases) and the total salvage rate was 58.6% (34 of 58). The postoperative duration to closed suction drain removal was significantly different between the cellulitis and implant removal groups. Staphylococcus aureus infection was most frequently found, with methicillin resistance in 37.5% of the cases of explantation. Explantation after infection was performed more often in patients who had undergone 2-stage expander/implant reconstruction than in those who had undergone direct-to-implant reconstruction. Conclusions Preventing infection is essential in implant-based breast reconstruction. The high salvage rate argues against early implant removal. However, when infection is due to methicillin-resistant S. aureus and the patient's clinical symptoms do not improve, surgeons should consider implant removal.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.259-274
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• 2017

Platycodon grandiflorum (Bell flower) is an important plant that has traditionally been used as herbal medicine for the treatment of cough, phlegm, sore throats, lung abscesses, chest pains, dysuria, and dysentery. The present study was initiated to investigate the feasibility of inducing shoot and root organogenesis in cultured explants of P. grandiflorum in a range of culture media and through use of various plant growth regulators (PGRs). The plantlets (Stem containing one node) were isolated and cultured on different concentrations of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with PGRs. We found that proliferation and elongation of shoots and roots could be achieved on 1/4 MS for P. grandiflorum with wild and green petals and on 1/8 MS for P. grandiflorum with double petals. The highest levels of development and elongation of adventitious shoots and roots were observed when petal explants were cultured on 1/4 MS (pH 3.8) supplemented with 5% sucrose. Increasing the agar concentration reduced shoot growth and rooting potential; nevertheless, the highest number of shoots and roots was observed on 0.6% agar. In the case of growth regulators, 1/4 MS supplemented with $1mg\;L^{-1}$ 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) was found to be best for shooting, although higher concentrations of BA tended to reduce shoot and root elongation. The highest number of shoots was achieved on $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ thidiazuron (TDZ) from double petal explants grown on 1/8 MS. However, root and shoot elongation were found to decrease when TDZ concentrations were increased. Low concentrations of kinetin, naphthalene acetic acid, indole acetic acid, and 3-indole butyric acid induced shoot and root proliferation and elongation. Taken together, our study showed that low concentrations of PGRs induced the greatest root formation and elongation, showing that the optimal concentration of PGRs for shoot proliferation was species-dependent.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2018

본 연구 목적은 마리나항만법을 대상으로 언어 네트워크 방법을 적용하여 법조문에 대한 내용을 분석하고 법률 특징과 구조적 모습을 계량적으로 제시하는데 있다. 언어 네트워크 분석은 단어와 단어사이의 네트워크 구조를 파악하여 그 구조와 형태를 파악할 수 있으며, 전통적 내용 분석이 지닌 단점을 보완하는데도 용이하다. 분석 대상은 최근 개정된 마리나항만법 전문(1~4장)이며 부분적으로는 구분된 장중 분석에 의미가 있는 일부(제2장, 제3장, 제4장)로 설정하였다. 분석 결과 마리나항만법은 마리나항만개발에 집중된 구조적 특징을 지니고 있고 마리나산업의 육성에 관한 종합적 관점보다는 하드웨어적 시설적 설치에 집중된 구조를 지니고 있었다. 또한, 사업체 및 인력 양성 등이 일부 포함되었으나 시설 설치보다는 상대적 중요성이 다소 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 연구 방법상 법구조적 시각에 국한된 결과만을 도출하는 한계도 있으나, 현재 법률의 구조와 특징을 파악하고 진단함으로써 후속 연구의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다는데 의의가 있다. 향후 연구에서는 본 연구 결과를 토대로 마리나 정책에 대한 정부 성과나 추진 실적과 비교 등이 진행되기를 기대한다.