• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.345-350
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• 2000

Adaptive finite element analysis, which its solution error meets with the user defined allowable error, is recently used far improving reliability of finite element analysis results. This adaptive analysis is composed of two procedures; one is the error estimation of an analysis result and another is the reconstruction of finite elements. In the rp-method, an element size is controlled by relocating of nodal positions(r-method) and the order of an element shape function is determined by the hierarchical polynomial(p-method) corresponding to the element solution error. In order to show the effectiveness and accuracy of the suggested rp-method, various numerical examples were analyzed and these analysis results were examined by comparing with those obtained by the existed methods. As a result of this study, following conclusions are obtained. (1) rp-method is more accurate and effective than the r- and p-method. (2) The solution convergency of the rp-method is controlled by means of the iterative calculation numbers of the r- and p- method each other.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.2298-2305
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 보의 종방향 강성치를 실제보다 훨씬 작은 횡방향 강성치 수준 으로 낮추어 시간 적분을 수행하는 대신, 종방향에 작용하는 힘을 분산시켜서 계산시 종방향 상대 변형을 억제하는 기법을 사용하였다. 또 여러개의 물체가 조인트에서 서로 연결되어 이루어진 다물체 도역학의 해는 운동 방정식과 기구학적 제한조건을 모 두 만족시켜야 하며, 상미분 방정식 해법용 시간 적분을 바로 적용할 수는 없다. 본 논문에서는 참고문헌(13)과 (14)에 소개된 반복계산법 및 계산가속기법에 의하여 Lag- range multiplier를 운동 방정식에서 소거한 후 시간 적분을 수행하는 방법을 사용한 다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2004

최근, 유한요소해석견과의 신뢰도를 향상시키기 위하여 활발하게 연구되고 있는 적응유한요소해석은 반복계산을 통해서 해석결과의 오차가 사용자에 의해 지정된 허용오차와 같아지도록 하는 해석방법이다. 이와 간은 적응유한요소해석은 해석결과의 오차평가와 이에 따른 유한요소의 재구성과정으로 나누어진다. rp방법에서는 절점의 위치를 이동시켜 요소의 크기를 조절하는 r방법과 형상함수찻수를 증가시키는 p방법을 동시에 적용함으로써 적응해석의 유효성을 향상시키고자 하였다. 제안한 rp방법의 특성을 규명하고 적응해석의 유효성을 보이기 위하여 전형적인 이차원 평면문제들을 해석하고 그 결과를 검토하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.707-720
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• 2013

We analyze piecewise homogenization with flux-weighted cross sections and preservation of averaged currents at the boundary of the homogenized domain. Introduction of a set of flux discontinuity ratios (FDR) that preserve reference interface currents leads to preservation of averaged region reaction rates and fluxes. We consider the class of numerical discretizations with one degree of freedom per volume and per surface and prove that when the homogenization and computing meshes are equal there is a unique solution for the FDRs which exactly preserve interface currents. For diffusion submeshing we introduce a Jacobian-Free Newton-Krylov method and for all cases considered obtain an 'exact' numerical solution (eight digits for the interface currents). The homogenization is completed by extending the familiar full assembly homogenization via flux discontinuity factors to the sides of regions laying on the boundary of the piecewise homogenized domain. Finally, for the familiar nodal discretization we numerically find that the FDRs obtained with no submesh (nearly at no cost) can be effectively used for whole-core diffusion calculations with submesh. This is not the case, however, for cell-centered finite differences.

• 물과 미래
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.111-121
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• 1994

본 연구의 목적은 한정된 자료원을 각 용수 수요점 별로 용수공급 우선 순위에 따라서 최적배분하기 위한 Network 모형을 구성하는 것이다. 본 모형의 해법은 OKA(Out of Kilter Algorithm)를 사용하였다. 모형에 대한 이론적 방법론과 프로그램을 검증하고 적용하기 위하여 금강유역을 선정했다. 대청댐 방유량과 금강 유역의 용수수요량을 사용하여, 각 수요점의 용수공급 우선 순위를 1~ 4개의 경우로 설정하고 수자원의 최적배분을 시행하였다. 모형을 적용한 결과, 물리적인 시스템을 타당성 있게 표현할 수 있었고, 높은 우선 순위로 조정된 수요점에서는 물 부족량을 줄일 수 있었다. 본 모형의 해법은 Revised Simplex 알고리즘에 의해 검증하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.4491-4503
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• 2023

This study aimed to verify and validate the transient simulation capability of the hybrid code system RAST-F for fast reactor analysis. For this purpose, control rod (CR) drop experiments involving eight separate CRs and six CR groups in the China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR) start-up tests were utilized to simulate the CR drop transient. The RAST-F numerical solution, including the neutron population, time-dependent reactivity, and CR worth, was compared against the measurement values obtained from two out-of-core detectors. Moreover, the time-dependent reactivity and CR worth from RAST-F were verified against the results obtained by the Monte Carlo code Serpent using continuous energy nuclear data. A code-to-code comparison between Serpent and RAST-F showed good agreement in terms of time-dependent reactivity and CR worth. The discrepancy was less than 160 pcm for reactivity and less than 110 pcm for CR worth. RAST-F solution was almost identical to the measurement data in terms of neutron population and reactivity. All the calculated CR worth results agreed with experimental results within two standard deviations of experimental uncertainty for all CRs and CR groups. This work demonstrates that the RAST-F code system can be a potential tool for analyzing time-dependent phenomena in fast reactors.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.298-301
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• 2005

Potato (Solamum tuberosum 'Dejima') plantlets were investigated on culture type and initial quantity of inoculation in bioreactor and survival rate by hydroponics for mass production. rode stems (1 to 1.5cm in length) of potato plantlets multiplied in vitro were grown for 3 weeks in liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with sucrose $30 g\; L^{-1}$. When plantlets (80-node inoculation) were raised in 10L balloon type bubble (BB) bioreactor, the healthiest growth of plantlets was obtained from explants cultured in ebb & flow culture with medium supplied periodically 12 times per day. The suitable inoculation quantity of 20L BB bioreactor was 120 pieces of stem segments (mean 2.2g fresh weight) in ebb & flow culture. Number of nodal shoot was eight on the average. In controlled culture room, survival rate of plantlets at 7 days after stem cutting was above $70\%$ when they were acclimatized by hydroponics grown in deep flow and solid medium culture. The highest survival rate of the stem cutting plantlets was in nutrient solution adjusted to EC $1.4dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Stem cutting plantlets through one culture could be obtained $670\~900$, when plantlets were grown in ebb & flow culture during 3 weeks using a 20L bioreactor with initial 120 pieces of nodal segments. 11 is possible In do mass production of seedlings cultured in bioreactor and hydroponics.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2003

If we use a third order approximation for the displacement function of beam element in finite element methods, finite element solutions of beams yield nodal displacement values matching to beam theory results to have no connection with the number increasing of elements of beams. It is assumed that, as the member displacement value at beam nodes are correct, the calculation procedure of beam element stiffness matrix have no numerical errors. A the member forces are calculated by the equations of $\frac{-M}{EI}=\frac{{d^2}{\omega}}{dx^2}\;and\;\frac{dM}{dx}=V$, the member forces at nodes of beams have errors in a moment and a shear magnitudes in the case of smaller number of element. The nodal displacement value of plate subject to the lateral load converge to the exact values according to the increase of the number of the element. So it is assumed that the procedures of plate element stiffness matrix calculations has a error in the fundamental assumptions. The beam methods for the high accuracy ratio solution Is also applied to the plate analysis. The method of reducing a error ratio of member forces and element stiffness matrix in the finite element methods is studied. Results of study were as follows. 1. The matrixes of EI[B] and [K] in the equations of M(x)=EI[B]{q} and M(x) = [K]{q}+{Q} of beams are same. 2. The equations of $\frac{-M}{EI}=\frac{{d^2}{\omega}}{dx^2}\;and\;\frac{dM}{dx}=V$ for the member forces have a error ratio in a finite element method of uniformly loaded structures, so equilibrium node loads {Q} must be substituted in the equation of member forces as the numerical examples of this paper revealed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.325-341
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• 1999

A procedure for the computation of the load carrying capacity of perfectly plastic plates in bending is presented. The approach, based on the kinematic theorem of limit analysis, requires the evaluation of the minimum of a convex, but non-smooth, function under linear equality constraints. A systematic solution procedure is devised, which detects and eliminates the finite elements which are predicted as rigid in the collapse mechanism, thus reducing the problem to the search for the minimum of a smooth and essentially unconstrained function of nodal velocities. Both Kirchhoff and Mindlin plate models are considered. The effectiveness of the approach is illustrated by means of some examples.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2007

Rigorous analytical solutions are obtained for the plane stress problem of a rectangular plate subjected to non-linearly distributed bending loads on two opposite edges. They are then used in a Galerkin type solution to obtain the corresponding convergent buckling loads. It is shown that the critical bending moment depends significantly on the actual edge load distribution and further the number of nodal lines of the buckled configuration can also be different from that corresponding to a linear antisymmetric distribution of the bending stresses. Results are tabulated for future use while judging approximate numerical solutions.