• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2021

Purpose: This study analyzed the general status and conditions of the kimchi industry in Korea. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the information of a desirable kimchi market by analyzing the distribution, price, market, and consumers of kimchi based on the current status and status of the kimchi industry in Korea. Research design, data and methodology: This study basically conducted research design and analysis based on theoretical consideration and kimchi market data. Results: The conclusion of the study is that in order to globalize kimchi, it is expected that a strategy to target overseas markets with relatively low competition through a low-salt diet and premium strategy along with the image of Western health is expected. Conclusions: In Korea, small and medium-sized companies can target the B2B (Business-to-Business) market first and then target department stores or convenience stores at a stable time in the future to expand sales channels and profitability through premium or low-cost policies. Another strategy is to target overseas markets as soon as the company stabilizes through B2B. Therefore, in the kimchi industry, it is necessary to establish a sales/marketing strategy according to what position and position of one's own company in the kimchi industry.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.79-89
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• 2022

Whereas systolic blood pressure (SBP) continuously rises with age, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) gradually decreases after the age of 55 years. Therefore, hypertension in the elderly shows the pattern of isolated systolic hypertension. There is evidence on the benefits of controlling blood pressure (BP) in elderly patients with hypertension. The BP lowering effect has also been demonstrated in patients over 80 years of age with hypertension. The BP threshold for the initiation of antihypertensive drug treatment for older adults with hypertension is gradually decreasing. The antihypertensive treatment is recommended if, despite therapeutic lifestyle modifications, SBP ≥140 mmHg or DBP ≥90 mmHg in those aged 65-79 years old, and SBP ≥140-160 mmHg or DBP ≥90 mmHg in those aged ≥80 years old. Although there is no consensus on the target BP for older adults with hypertension, a target SBP of <130-140 mmHg and DBP of <80-90 mmHg are recommended. In older adults over 80 years of age with hypertension, the target SBP is <140-150 mmHg. When the dose of antihypertensive drugs is increased to reach the target SBP, DBP may decrease to less than 70 mmHg, but it should not be <60 mmHg. Thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or angiotensin receptor blockers can be selected as the first-line drug for older adults with hypertension. Beta-blockers may be selected in case of compelling indications.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.210-215
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• 1999

Nitric oxide (NO) can mediate numerous physiological processes, including vasodilation, neurotransmission, cytotoxicity, secretion and inflammatory response. The regulation of NO production by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is considered to be the possible target of the development of anti-inflammatory agent, based on the observation that NO can activate cyclooxygenase, which results in the synthesis of prostaglandins. In an effort to screen new inhibitor of NO production from about 352 species of herbal extracts, we found 9 species with 50% or more inhibitory effect on NO production. Especially, the dose-dependent inhibition of NO production in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophages by two of the herbal extracts (Artemisiae asiaticae Herba and Saussureae Radix) was due to the decrease in the expression of iNOS.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.813-818
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• 2020

This study is a study on the characteristics and analysis of the reflected signals about the target in the VHF band. In advance, the RCS(Radar Cross Section) characteristics of the target were analyzed by using the CST electromagnetic analysis tool, and the target was detected by using the Bi-Static method, and the change in the signal-to-noise ratio was tested. The test results show similar results with no significant fluctuations in the signal-to-noise ratio characteristics for the detection of signals reflected on the target, such as the results for RCS analysis according to the pre-incidence angle. In the future, this study will be used for RCS analysis of the targets and target detection of Radar in VHF/UHF band with relatively large wavelength compared to the X band.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.359-365
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• 2005

Objective : The study investigates the extent of brain shift and its effect on the accuracy of the stereotaxic procedure. Methods : Thirty-five patients underwent 40stereotactic procedures between June 2002 and March 2004. There were 26 males, mean age 59years old. There were 34procedures for Parkinson's disease, 2 for essential tremor, 3 for cerebral palsy, 1 for dystonia. Patients were divided in four groups based on postoperative pneumocephalus : under 5cc [9 procedures], between $5{\sim}10cc$ [13procedures], between $10{\sim}15cc$ [11 procedures] and more than 15cc [7procedures]. The coordinates of the anterior commissure[AC], posterior commissure[PC], and target were defined in pre-and intraoperative magnetic resonance image scans and the amount of air volume was measured with @Target (BrainLab, Heimstetten, Germany]. Results : The mean AC-PC was 26.5mm for patients with less than 5cc, 26.9mm for $5{\sim}10cc$, 25.8mm for $10{\sim}15cc$ and 26.2mm for more than 15cc. The length of AC-PC line and coordinates of AC, PC was also not statistically different, Euclidean distance as well as ${\Delta}x$, ${\Delta}y$, ${\Delta}z$ of AC, PC, and target were also not statistically different among the groups [p>,1]. There was a variance in target of $0.7{\sim}7.6mm$, Euclidean distance of 2.5mm, related to electrophysiology but not to brain-shift. Conclusion : The amount of air accumulated in the intracranial space and compressing the cortical surface has no effect on the localization of subcortical stereotactic target and landmarks.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.139-146
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• 2012

This study was designed to examine comfort levels of pitch and loudness with target matching and their effects on electroglottographic (EGG) and acoustic measures. Twelve speakers, six males and six females, were instructed to produce /a/ sustained vowel for three seconds at a comfortable pitch and loudness level without any instruction and with a target matching procedure of either a certain f0 or SPL separately with visual and auditory feedback. The range of pitch for females and males were presented by progressing up and down randomly at intervals of 5Hz from 150 Hz to 310 Hz (total 33 frequency targets) and from 85 Hz to 190 Hz (total 22 frequency targets), respectively. The loudness levels were 65, 75, 85, 95 dB (total of four intensity targets) for both males and females. Subjective estimations of comfortable levels were obtained using a 10-point equal-appearing interval rating scale following each phonation. The results showed that males and females demonstrated similar trends in loudness levels with greatest comfort at 75 dB, whereas pitch comfort ratings showed a greater variability with females having a wider range with target matching. In the comfort levels of individuals, most male and female speakers rated higher comfort at soft, rather than loud phonations. On the other hand, most male speakers perceived highest comfort levels below the comfort pitch levels they phonated under natural conditions. Higher frequency ranges, however, were perceived to be more comfortable than those of natural condition in most female speakers, although the comfortable pitch levels in spontaneous phonations were within the comfort level ranges determined by targeted phonations. When comparing acoustic (%jitter, %shimmer, SNR) and EGG measures (CQ%) between spontaneous comfortable phonations and targeted phonations produced by the same subject at similar f0 and intensity, no significant differences were observed (p>0.05). Thus, target matching procedures may be considered a compatible and alternative method to reduce the variability of comfortable pitch and loudness levels by eliciting consistent comfortable phonations.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.371-375
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• 2008

In blood pressure measurement, the oscillometric method detects and analyzes the pulse pressure oscillation while deflating the cuff around the arm. For its principle, one has to inflate cuff pressure above the subject's systolic pressure and deflate below the diastolic pressure. Most of the commercialized devices inflate until the fixed target pressure and deflate until the fixed completion pressure because there is no way to know the systolic and diastolic pressure before measurement. Too high target pressure makes stress to the subject and too low target pressure makes big error or long measurement time because of re-inflation. There are similar problems for inadequate completion pressure. In this study, we suggest new algorithm to set proper target and completion pressure for each subject by analyzing pressure waveform while inflating period. We compared our proposed method and auscultation method to see the errors of estimation. The differences between the two measurements were -4.02$\pm$4.80mmHg, -10.50$\pm$10.57mmHg and -0.78$\pm$5.l7mmHg for mean arterial pressure, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure respectively. Consequently, we could set the target pressure by 30 mmHg higher than our estimation and we could stop at 20mmHg lower than our estimated diastolic pressure. Using this method, we could reduce the measurement time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.525-534
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• 2018

Camera calibration is the process of determining the parameters such as the focal length of a camera, the position of a principal point, and lens distortions. For this purpose, images of checkerboard have been mainly used. When targets were automatically recognized in checkerboard image, the existing studies had limitations in that the user should have a good understanding of the input parameters for recognizing the target or that all checkerboard should appear in the image. In this study, a methodology for automatic target recognition was proposed. In this method, even if only a part of the checkerboard image was captured using rectangles including eight blobs, four each at the central portion and the outer portion of the checkerboard, the index of the target can be automatically assigned. In addition, there is no need for input parameters. In this study, three conditions were used to automatically extract the center point of the checkerboard target: the distortion of black and white pattern, the frequency of edge change, and the ratio of black and white pixels. Also, the direction and numbering of the checkerboard targets were made with blobs. Through experiments on two types of checkerboards, it was possible to automatically recognize checkerboard targets within a minute for 36 images.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.20.1-20.13
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• 2022

Recent studies have focused on the early detection of ovarian cancer (OC) using tumor materials by liquid biopsy. The mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs) to impact OC and signaling pathways are still unknown. This study aims to reliably perform functional analysis of previously validated circulating miRNAs' target genes by using pathfindR. Also, overall survival and pathological stage analyses were evaluated with miRNAs' target genes which are common in the The Cancer Genome Atlas and GTEx datasets. Our previous studies have validated three downregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-885-5p, hsa-miR-1909-5p, and hsa-let7d-3p) having a diagnostic value in OC patients' sera, with high-throughput techniques. The predicted target genes of these miRNAs were retrieved from the miRDB database (v6.0). Active-subnetwork-oriented Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was conducted by pathfindR using the target genes. Enrichment of KEGG pathways assessed by the analysis of pathfindR indicated that 24 pathways were related to the target genes. Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, spliceosome and Notch signaling pathway were the top three pathways with the lowest p-values (p < 0.001). Ninety-three common genes were found to be differentially expressed (p < 0.05) in the datasets. No significant genes were found to be significant in the analysis of overall survival analyses, but 24 genes were found to be significant with pathological stages analysis (p < 0.05). The findings of our study provide in-silico evidence that validated circulating miRNAs' target genes and enriched pathways are related to OC and have potential roles in theranostics applications. Further experimental investigations are required to validate our results which will ultimately provide a new perspective for translational applications in OC management.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.481-506
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• 2009

The purpose of the present research was to examine whether the attention mechanism employs physical or represented location of the cue and target. To achieve this, we have employed the paradigm of facilitation of response as well as inhibition of return. In the experiments, valid and invalid conditions were defined by the position consistency of the cue and the target in the aspect of either physical or represented location. We used auditory cue and visual target in Experiment 1 while visual cue and auditory target in Experiment 2. As a results, in Experiment 1, effect of facilitation of response in valid condition was found when the valid/invalid conditions were defined in the aspect of represented location. In Experiment 2, effect of facilitation of response in valid condition was found when the valid/invalid conditions were defined in the aspect of represented location. In all the other conditions, no effect was found when the conditions were defined in the aspect of physical location. No effects of inhibition of return were found in Experiment 2. These results imply the possibility that attention mechanism operates based on objects' represented location rather than on their physical location. More importantly, the present research suggests that it is necessary to separate represented location from physical location of the target and the cue in the experiment of facilitation of response and inhibition of return in the future.