• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2003.08a
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• pp.135.1-135
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• 2003

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.403-414
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• 2018

This paper suggests a different reading of James Joyce's "Araby" by offering the video game as a lens through which we can reimagine the story. Understanding the unnamed boy's journey to the Araby bazaar as a fetch quest, this paper focuses on the boy's failure to complete this quest. As soon as the boy promises Mangan's sister something from Araby, his fetch quest begins. In order to complete the quest, the boy must successfully perform three sub-quests: get money from his uncle as early as he can, get on the train for the Araby bazaar on time, and pass through the sixpenny entrance at the bazaar. However, because his uncle comes home late, the boy fails to get the money early, and that sets off the subsequent failures. The boy then takes the train late and arrives at the bazaar so late that he feels he must go through any entrance. So he walks through the adult entrance by mistake. As a result, he does not have enough money to buy a gift, failing the larger quest. But, regardless of this failure, the boy can try these quests as many as he wants until he finally succeeds in completing them. But no matter how the boy tries to accomplish these subquests, he is doomed to fail them because he cannot make his uncle come home early. The more he tries his quest, the more bitterly he realizes that he will ultimately fail. In this respect, the boy's "anguish and anger" should be understood as his epiphany: the re-playability of the game is possible, but all the replays lead to the same failure: losing the game. In this regard, reading Joyce's "Araby" is much like playing a video game.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 2007

A 3-year-old boy with purulent otitis media received a chest radiograph as the part of a routine work up. The patient was normal appearing, in no acute distress. The patient's lung and heart sounds were clear and normal. The patient's abdomen was soft, non-distended, and non-tender. An anterior cardiophrenic mass was incidentally identified on the lateral chest radiograph. A computed tomography scan demonstrated a diaphragmatic hernia with bowel loops in the retrosternal space. An exploratory operation revealed a diaphragmatic defect (4 cm in diameter) on the left side of the falciform ligament, through which transverse colon was protruded. There was no hernia sac, and the defect was closed with interrupted No. 2 silk sutures. The child was discharged on the 8th postoperative day without any complications. During 6 months of follow-up period, recurrence was not noticed.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.9
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• pp.389-393
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• 2011

We present the case of a patient with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis who developed abnormal white matter lesions during the chronic phases of the infection. A 2-year-old-boy was admitted for a 2 day history of decreased activity with ataxic gait. The results of the physical examination were unremarkable except for generalized lethargy and enlarged tonsils with exudates. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at admission showed multiple high signal intensities in both basal ganglia and thalami. The result of EBV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the cerebral spinal fluid was positive, and a serological test showed acute EBV infection. The patient was diagnosed with EBV encephalitis and recovered fully without any residual neurologic complications. Subsequently, follow-up MRI at 5 weeks revealed extensive periventricular white matter lesions. Since the patient remained clinically stable and asymptomatic during the follow-up period, no additional studies were performed and no additional treatments were provided. At the 1-year follow-up, cranial MRI showed complete disappearance of the abnormal high signal intensities previously seen in the white matter. The patient continued to remain healthy with no focal neurologic deficits on examination. This is the first case of asymptomatic self-limited white matter lesions seen in serial MRI studies in a Korean boy with EBV encephalitis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.234-238
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• 2003

Fanconi syndrome is a generalized functional disorder of the proximal tubule of the kidney and is characterized by aminoaciduria, glycosuria, hyperphosphaturia, dehydration, rickets, and growth failure. Nephrocalcinosis and hypercalciuria are rare manifestations of Fanconi syndrome. There is no case report of Fanconi syndrome complicated with nephrocalcinosis and hypercalciuria in Korea. A 6-year-old boy presented with genu valgum and waddling gaits for about 3 years. There was no family history of renal disease and his physical examination was normal except for genu valgum and corrected cleft lip and palate. Laboratory investigations showed generalized aminoaciduria, glycosuria, hyperphosphaturia, hypercalciuria, and low-molecular weight proteinuria including ${\beta}$-microglobulin. Serum 25-OH vitamin $D_3$ was within the normal range, and $1,25-(OH)_2$ vitamin $D_3$ was elevated. Bilateral renal medullary hyperechogenicity was demonstrated by ultrasonography. Analysis of the CLCN5 gene revealed no mutation. Here we describe a boy with Fanconi syndrome complicated with nophrocalcinosis and discuss the differential diagnosis.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.94-109
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to explore dietary attitude among middle school students by sex. The subjects were collected from 211 boy students and 198 girl students in the city of Kunsan, Jeonbuk province. The mean age of the subjects was 13.7 years old. The average score of food habit was 4.61 $\pm$ 1.92. The average score of food habit of boy students was higher than the score of girl students. The correlations between the score of food habit and father's education level. family income, and nutritional supplements were positive. The correlation between the scores of the nutrition knowledge and father's education level was also positive. On the other hand the mother's occupation did not have any influence on the scores of food habits and the scores of the nutrition knowledge. As a staple food, cooked rice was preferred on boy and girl students at breakfast(82.7%) and supper(94.3%). The preference of snacks was fruit and fruit juice. The reason of skipping breakfast was the lack of time and no appetite, and skipping lunch was due to no appetite. Lastly the main reason of skipping supper was playing computer on boys. on the other hand no appetite and weight control on girls. In order to improve the nutritional status of the middle school students, they must establish good food habits by eating three regular meals per day and balancing their diet. Also they should be notified that severe weight control is very harmful for health. This study indicate that nutrition education and correct information for body image. balanced diet. regularity of meals and food selection are required for middle school students at both school and home.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.207-221
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• 2008

This study examined different individual, family factors and classroom environment that affect children's perceived competency. For an analysis, achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control and anxiety were included in individual variables. For family factors, parental support and marital conflict were examined. For classroom psycho-social environment, teacher support, peer relations, classroom involvement and teacher control were used. The sample consisted of 565 fifth and sixth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, Factor analysis, frequency, percentage, t-test, Pearson's correlation, and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis. First, boy's perceived academic competency was higher than girl's. And no sex difference was in children's social and athletic competency. Second, boy's and girl's perceived academic and social competency and boy's perceived athletic competency had a positive correlation with achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control, parental support, teacher support, peer relations and classroom involvement. And girl's perceived athletic competency had a positive correlation with achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control, parental support and peer relations. But boy's and girl's perceived academic and social competency and boy's perceived athletic competency had a negative correlation with anxiety and parental marital conflict. Third, the most important variable predicting boy's and girl's perceived academic competency was achievement motivation. The most important variable predicting boy's and girl's perceived social competency was peer relations. And the most important variable predicting boy's perceived athletic competency was peer relations. On the other hand, the most important variable predicting girl's perceived athletic competency was father's support.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.180-186
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• 2016

Anal and perianal condyloma acuminatum(CA), which is a large cauliflower-like tumor, is a manifestation of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV may be acquired via sexual transmission, vertical transmission or nonsexual contact. It is an uncommon condition in children but the incidence in children has been increasing recently. There are many therapies for CA including chemical or physical destruction, immunological therapy, or a surgical excision. All these procedures have some degree of limitations such as limited clearance rate, high recurrence rate, pain, bleeding, release of potentially infectious aerosols and scar. It may be traumatic mentally to the children as well as physically. Korean Medicine included herbal treatment and herbal ointment for CA is no pain, and it doesn't need an anesthesia. We present a case of anal and perianal CA in a 2 years old boy that was treated successfully with Korean Medicine, with no recurrence during the follow up 3 months.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2011

We report two cases of accidental overdoses of intramuscular midazolam used for a conscious sedation. A 4-year-old boy with dental caries was scheduled for treatment under conscious sedation. The pedodontist prescribed midazolam ($dormicum^{(R)}$ 5 mg / 5 ml) 2 ml (2 mg) by verbal order to hygienist. The hygienist instead of the pedodontist wrote a prescription for midazolam ($dormicum^{(R)}$ 15 mg / 3 ml) 2 ml (10 mg). The inexperienced nurse gave an injection to his buttock as prescription. The child fell into a deep sedation. A 4-year-old boy with dental caries was scheduled for treatment under conscious sedation. The inexperienced pedodontist gave an injection to his buttock midazolam ($dormicum^{(R)}$ 15 mg / 3 ml) 3 ml (15 mg) instead of midazolam ($dormicum^{(R)}$ 5 mg / 5 ml) 3 ml (3 mg). The child fell into a deep sedation. Both cases had no complications, but the accidents happened as a result of the inexperienced dental staffs. The five times midazoalm instead of the intended doses was inadvertently given intramuscularly, fortunately caused no harm in our cases. However, the situations suggest that we should carefully check the dosage and review the correct procedures, even when using a drug that is considered to be familiar with most practitioners.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.287-290
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• 2018

Tumoral calcinosis is a condition characterized by deposition of calcium salts in the skin and subcutaneous tissue, commonly found around the joints. However, tumoral calcinosis of the auricle is extremely rare. We present the case of a 13-year-old boy with tumoral calcinosis of the helix of the ear auricle. A 13-year-old boy presented with a 10-year history of an enlarging mass on the left auricle. The mass was hard, non-tender, and non-compressible. The patient had no history of trauma. Complete surgical excision and pathological examination of the specimen was performed. The final diagnosis of the excised mass was tumoral calcinosis. After 9 months of follow-up, there were no signs of recurrence of the tumor and the patient was satisfied with the surgical results. Tumoral calcinosis of the auricle is extremely rare and may be misdiagnosed as other tumors. Pathological examination is essential for definitive diagnosis and complete surgical excision should be considered as the treatment of choice.