• 기술사
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 1986

The number of visiters to Bukhan Mt. national park, generation quantity of solid waste and collection system were researched to consider a counterplan for the pollution control of the national park and study for developing the effective treatment of solid waste was tried through the proximate analysis of each component containing. Results obtained in this study were summerized as follows; The great part of visitors go on an excursion to the Bukhan Mt. national park during July and August and also, the solid waste was generated nearly a half of the total amount at the same period. The major collection facilities in the national park were waste basket and incineration box. But the incineration box was too large in volume and very far in distance, and its collection period was irregular, so it was cause to the congestion of solid waste and bad smell and dirty. Therefore, to complete collection of solid waste, we must set up the waste basket which able to find within 40～50m from the origination place of solid waste and induce the visitors to throw the solid waste. It was obtained as moisture content: 48.5 wt%, volatile solid: 28.4wt％, fixed solid: 23.1 wt％, lower heating value: 1,320kca1/kg from experimental analysis of solid waste. According to this analysis, the incineration operation is possible, but the generation quantity of solid waste was too small to construct incineration plant for heat recovery. It was found that it is suitable for the aerobic composting by mixing with the night soil which generate in the national park after the recovery of resources such as metals, glasses and plastics.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2001

The greenhouse heating system using solar energy has been realized in the protective agriculture in this study in order to analyse the thermal energy characteristics of the system the effects of ambient air temperature, solar radiation, relative humidities and water content of ambient air on the greenhouse air temperature were investigated through computer simulation experimental analysis for validation of the simulation. The results from this study are summarized as follows: 1) The expected values of inside air temperature for the system solar energy were very much close to the experimental values. 2) In the system using solar energy, the expected values of daytime surface temperature of soil by computer simulation were very much similar to the measured values, but those of nighttime were higher than the measured value by almost $2.5^{\circ}C$. 3) Heat loss of daytime was found to be larger than that of night time as much as 2.0 to 4.2 times for the system using solar energy. 4) In the system using solar energy. while the ambient air temperature varied between $-7^{\circ}C$ and $-3.8^{\circ}C$, the temperature of the inside air was maintained between $0^{\circ}C$ and $22^{\circ}C$. 5) At the minimum ambient temperature of $-7^{\circ}C$, the temperature of the inside air was $0^{\circ}C$.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.123-129
• /
• 2012

A septic tank is a purification treatment system where night soil and other waste matter is converted into harmless material by the activities of bacteria. Effluent from the septic tank flows into the sewer pipe, and then this effluent affects the quality of water environment and makes foul smell. In this study, through the proper maintenance of septic tank it was tried to minimize the impact of sewer pipe on water quality and fouling smell. BOD removal rate from the septic tank's effluent which exceeded legal cleaning period was investigated for the proper maintenance. BOD Removal rate of the twelve septic tank's effluent is -62.5% to 43.9%. According to the result of BOD removal rate, septic tank cleaning should be done at least once a year. And the pathogenic coliform bacillus in the twelve septic tank's effluent is average 768,000 (MPN/$100m{\ell}$). The chlorine disinfection is needed to remove the pathogenic coliform bacillus in septic tank effluent.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.508-518
• /
• 2016

Early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani, is responsible for severe yield losses in tomato. The conidia survive on soil surface and old dry lower leaves of the plant and spread when suitable climatic conditions are available. Macroclimatic study reveals that highest inoculum concentration of Alternaria spores appeared in May 2012 to 2013 and lowest concentration during January 2012 to 2013. High night temperature positively correlated and significantly (P < 0.01) involved in conidial spore dispersal and low relative humidity (RH) displayed significant (P < 0.05) but negative correlation with conidial dispersal. The objective of the study was to modify microclimatic conditions of tomato crop canopy which may hamper conidial dispersal and reduce disease severity. We evaluated effect of marigold intercropping and plastic mulching singly and in consortia on A. solani conidial density, tomato leaf damage and microclimatic parameters as compar to tomato alone (T). Tomato-marigold intercropping-plastic mulching treatment (T + M + P) showed 35-39% reduction in disease intensity as compared to tomato alone. When intercropped with tomato, marigold served as barrier to conidial movement and plastic mulching prevented evapotranspiration and reduced the canopy RH that resulted in less germination of A. solani spores. Marigold intercropping and plastic mulching served successfully as physical barrier against conidial dissemination to diminish significantly the tomato foliar damage produced by A. solani.

• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.607-615
• /
• 2014

RVI (Radar Vegetation Index) has shown some promise in the vegetation fields, but its relationship with MVI (Multispectral Vegetation Index) is not known in the context of various land covers. Presented herein is a comparative analysis of the MVI values derived from the LANDSAT-8 and RVI values originating from the RADARSAT-2 quad-polarimetric SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) data. Among the various multispectral vegetation indices, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) were used for comparison with RVI. Four land covers (urban, forest, water, and paddy field) were compared, and the patterns were investigated. The experiment results demonstrated that the RVI patterns of the four land covers are very similar to those of NDVI and SAVI. Thus, during bad weather conditions and at night, the RVI data could serve as an alternative to the MVI data in various application fields.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.443-447
• /
• 2003

황 화합물 악취를 제거하기 위하여 분뇨처리장에서 황 산화 세균을 분리하여 최적성장 조건을 조사하였다. 분뇨처리장에서 1차로 분리한 균주의 생리$.$생화학적 특성 등을 비교한 결과 Thiobacillus novellus SRM으로 명명하였고, 최적 pH와 배양온도는 pH 7.0과 3$0^{\circ}C$이며, 균주의 공기 주입량은 1.0vvm이었다. 균주농도에 따른 균의 비증식 속도를 직선화한 결과 미생물의 최대 비 증식속도는 0.032$hr^{-l}$ , V$_{max}$ 는 1.83h$^{-l}$ 이 되고, $K_{m}$ 은 0.42였다. Thiobacillus 종의 증식속도는 비교적 느리나, 본 연구에서 사용한 Thiobacillus novellus SRM은 증식속도가 빨라 기상의 황 화합물 악취 제거에 이용할 수 있는 유용한 균주로 판단되어진다.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.355-366
• /
• 2009

In the present study, fuel cell driven ground source heat pump system is applied to a large community building and performance of the heat pump system is computationally analyzed. Conduction heat transfer between brine pipe and ground is analyzed by TEACH code to predict the performance of heat pump system. Predicted COP of the heat pump system and the energy cost were compared with variation of the location of the objective building the water saturation rate of soil and the driven powers of heat pump system. Significant reduction of energy cost can be accomplished by employing the fuel cell driven heat pump system in comparison with the late-night electricity driven system. It is due to the low electricity production cost of fuel cell system and the application of recovered waste heat generated during electricity production process to the heating of large community building.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제11권
• /
• pp.119-122
• /
• 1969

1. 전보(前報)에서 분리한 두 균주(Ku-3371, Ku-4383)는 다 같이 형태학적으로 Trichoderma viride에 일치한다. 2. 이들 균주(菌株)들의 생육 최적 pH는 4.0이고 생육 최적온도는 $30^{\circ}C$이다. 3. 그리고 이들 균주(菌株)들의 탄소원은 단당류(單糖類)가 좋았고 질소원은 초산태(硝酸態) 질소가 좋았으며 특히 구루타민산(酸)소다는 더욱 좋은 질소원이다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.87-93
• /
• 1990

토양(土壤)의 깊이별 지온(地溫)을 예측(豫測)하기 위한 통계모형(統計模型)을 설정(設定)하기 위하여 1979년(年)부더 1988년(年)까지 중앙기상태(中央氣象台) 수원측후소(水原測候所)에서 관측(觀測)된 지온자료(地溫資料)와 평균최고(平均最高), 최저(最低), 기온(氣溫), 강수량(降水量), 풍속(風速) 및 최심적설량등(最深積雪量等) 기상자료(氣象資料)에 대(對)한 통계분석(統計分析)을 하였다. 통계분석(統計分析)은 지온(地溫)을 Fourier 급수(級數)에 의한 년주기함수(年週期函數)와 년주기함수(年週期函數)에서의 잔차(殘差)는 대기(大氣)의 기상조건(氣象條件)의 변화(變化)에서 오는 노이지(nuise)로 보고 이에 대한 상관분석(相關分析)을 stepwise backward elimination법(法)에 의하여 각(各) 계수(係數)를 찾는 방법(方法)으로 하였다. 깊이별(別) 지온(地溫)의 년주기함수(年週期函水)로 Fourier급수(級數)의 8항(項)을 사용(使用)하였을 때 지면온도(地面溫度)의 평균평방오차(平均平方誤差)가 2.30, 토심(土深) 50 cm에서 1.13, 500 cm에서 0.42로 토심(土深)이 깊을수록 작아졌고, $r^2$는 0.913~0.988이었다. 주기함수분석(週期函數分析)에서 잔차(殘差)에 대한 독립변수(獨立變數)로서 평균(平均), 최고(最高), 최저기온(最低氣溫), 강수량(降水量), 최심적설(最深積雪) 및 풍속등(風速等) 기상요소(氣象要素)와의 상관분석(相關分析)을 위한 지연일수검출(遲延日數檢出)에 따르면, 기온(氣溫)은 토탐(土深) 0 cm와 5 cm에 대하여 0일(日), 30 cm까지는 -1일(日), 50 cm에서는 -2일(日)이었다. 강수량(降水量)의 지연일수(遲延日數)는 30 cm까지 -1일(日), 50 cm에서 -2일(日), 최심적설(最深積雪)과 풍속(風速)은 10 cm까지가 -1일(日), 30 cm까지 -2일(日), 50 cm에서는 -3일(日)이었다. 지연일수(遲延日數)를 고려(考慮)한 잔차분석(殘差分析)에 의한 지온예측(地溫豫測) 통계모형(統計模型)의 평균평방오차(平均平方誤差)는 토심(土深) 0 cm에서 1.64, 50 cm에서 0.97로 주기함수(週期函數)의 평균평방오차(平均平方誤差)보다 작아졌으며, $r^2$값은 높아져 통계모형(統計模型)의 정도(精度)가 높아졌다. 계수(係數)의 크기로 보아 년주기함수(年週期函數)에 독립적(獨立的)인 대기(大氣) 기상요소(氣象要素)가 지온(地溫)의 결정(決定)에 크게 영향(影響)을 주는 깊이는 30 cm이며, 기온(氣溫)은 50 cm깊이까지도 영향(影響)을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이 통계모형(統計模型)의 검정결과(檢定結果) $r^2$값이 0.976~0.996으로 예측치(豫測値)와 실측치간(實測値間)에 고도(高度)의 유의성(有意性)이 있어 실용성(實用性)이 있었다. 한편, 토양표면(土壤表面)의 최고지온(最高地溫)과 최고기온(最高氣溫)의 차(差)(${\Delta}T_{ms}$)를 옥수수포장(圃場)에서 조사(調査)한 결과(結果), ${\Delta}T_{ms}$와 일사량(日射量)($R_s;J_m{^{-2}}$)과 직선적(直線的)인 관계(關係)로 엽면적지수(葉面積指數)가 그 이하(以下) 일 때에는 $${\Delta}T_{ms}=0.902+1.924{\times}10^{-3}R_s $$엽면적지수(葉面積指數)가 그 이상(以上)일 때에는 $${\Delta}T_{ms}=0.274+8.881{\times}10^{-4}R_s$$ 의 관계(關係)가 있었다.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.38-43
• /
• 2015

지하에 매설된 도시가스 배관은 부식으로부터 보호하기 위하여 전기방식조치를 하도록 하고 있으며, 전기방식시설의 효과적인 유지관리를 위해 1년마다 배관의 전위를 측정 하도록 하고 있다. 방식전위의 측정은 테스트박스(T/B)에서 실시하게 되는데, 도심에 설치된 T/B의 경우 대부분 도로상에 설치되어 있어 전위를 측정할 때 어려움이 있다. 즉, 교통량이 많은 도로에서 전위를 측정하기 위해서는 차량을 통제하거나, 교통량이 적은 심야에 실시해야 하는 등 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 방식전위 측정의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 고체기준전극 및 무선통신기술을 이용한 원격전위 측정시스템 개발에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 고체기준 전극을 개발하여 실험실에서 성능테스트를 실시하고, 도시가스 배관이 설치된 현장에 직접 매설하여 전위 값의 변화를 관찰하였다. 또한, 무선통신을 이용하여 측정된 전위값을 서버로 전송하고, 사무실에서 전위값의 변화를 확인하였다. 고체기준전극을 이용한 전위값은 국내에서 사용되고 있는 타사 제품과 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 확인되었으며, 현장에서 측정한 전위 값과 웹서버로 보내진 전위값의 차이는 없었다. 개발된 고체기준전극은 향후 도심에 설치된 테스트 박스의 전위를 차량을 이용하여 측정하는데 사용할 계획이다.