• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.416-421
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• 1998

The objective of this study was to investigate the responsiveness of hypophysis and gonads to synthetic GnRH among noncycling Murrah buffalo heifers at 24 months of age. The plasma FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone levels were measured in blood samples collected at 1 hour before and upto 18th day subsequent to the administration of GnRH ($(200 {\mu}g)$) or saline (2 ml). The pretreatment levels of plasma FSH, LH estradiol and progesterone among GnRH treated heifers (N = 6) were $11.55{\pm}0.57ng/ml$, $0.68{\pm}0.06ng/ml$, $19.84{\pm}0.82pg/ml$ and $0.45{\pm}0.07ng/ml$ respectively. A quick elevation of FSH (p < 0.01) and LH (p < 0.05) within 5 min of GnRH administration was observed in all the heifers. The peak FSH ($74.97{\pm}18.63ng/ml$) and LH ($3.09{\pm}0.54ng/ml$) level was obtained at 30 min of GnRH administration. The elevated level of plasma estradiol on 5th to 18th day, FSH on 7th to 9th day (n = 3) and the progesterone on 13th to 18th day (n = 2) of GnRH injection was obtained. The study indicates that gonads of buffalo heifers at 24 months of age are responsive of GnRH induced gonadotropin release for folliculogenesis and luteal tissue formation

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.44-55
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate biological effects of Euiiin-tang(Y$\grave{i}$y$\check{i}$r$\acute{e}$n-t$\bar{a}$ng) extracts by extraction methods. Methods: To investigate the effects of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity, we measured DPPH radical scavenging assay, collagenase inhibition assay and COX-2 inhibition assay. Results: In case of measuring anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of Euiiin-tang(Y$\grave{i}$y$\check{i}$r$\acute{e}$n-t$\bar{a}$ng) by collagenase and COX-2 inhibition activity, it came out that Euiiin-tang(Y$\grave{i}$y$\check{i}$r$\acute{e}$n-t$\bar{a}$ng) was unable to inhibit collagenase, but was effective to inhibit COX-2. Cytotoxicity analysis of Euiiin-tang(Y$\grave{i}$y$\check{i}$r$\acute{e}$n-t$\bar{a}$ng) extracts by MTT assay principles, there was no cytotoxicity in aqueous and 50% ethanol extracts in any level of concentration. Conclusions: This results suggest that Euiiin-tang(Y$\grave{i}$y$\check{i}$r$\acute{e}$n-t$\bar{a}$ng) extracts have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.18-18
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• 2002

This study was to investigate the effect of neurotrophic factors on neural cell differentiation in vitro derived from human embryonic stem (hES, MB03) cells. For neural progenitor cell formation derived from hES cells, we produced embryoid bodies (EB: for 5 days, without mitogen) from hES cells and then neurospheres (for 7 - 10 days, 20 ng/㎖ of bFGF added N2 medium) from EB. And then finally for the differentiation into mature neuron cells, neural progenitor cells were cultured in ⅰ) N2 medium (without bFGF), ⅱ) N2 supplemented with brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, 5ng/㎖) or ⅲ) N2 supplemented with platelet derived growth factor-bb (PDGF-bb, 20ng/㎖) for 2 weeks. (omitted)

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.203-208
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• 2010

In this study, the level of migration of 5 kinds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (toluene, styrene, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene and n-propylbenzene) into distilled water from polystyrene-made food containers was measured using Purge&Trap combined with GC/FID. The contents of the VOCs which have regulatory limits in Korea food code only for material specification were determined under three exposure conditions which were 30 min at $60^{\circ}C$, 30 min at $95^{\circ}C$ and actual situation of instant noodle intake. The calibration curve of 5 compounds showed good linearity ($^r2$ = 0.9976~0.9995) within the concentration range of 1~50 ng/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were validated at range of 0.041~0.092 and 0.135~0.304 ng/mL, respectively. The average migration contents of 5 compounds were below 5 ng/mL except for styrene. The average contents of styrene were highly detected at $95^{\circ}C$ for 30 min exposure (52.71 ng/mL). Under actual condition at instant noodle intake, the average contents of styrene was 17.23 ng/mL. The results demonstrated that the migration rate of VOCs was related to storage temperature and time.

• Korean Membrane Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2004

Small angle light scattering (SALS) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) have been used to investigate the effects of alcohol on phase separation of chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC)/tetrahydrofuran (THF)/alcohol (9/61/30 wt%) solution during water vapor induced phase separation. A typical scattering pattern of nucleation & growth (NG) was observed for all casting solutions of CPVC/THF/alcohol. In the case of the phase separation of CPVC dope solution containing 30 wt% ethanol or n-propanol, the demixing with NG was observed to be heterogeneous. Meanwhile, the phase separation of CPVC dope solution with 30 wt% n-butanol was found to be predominantly homogeneous NG. Although the different phase separation behavior of NG was observed with types of alcohol additives, the resultant surface morphology had no remarkable differences. That is, even though the NG process by water vapor is either homogeneous or heterogeneous, this difference does not play a main role on the final surface morphology. However, it was estimated from the result of hydraulic flux that the phase separation by homogeneous NG provided the membrane geometry with lower resistance in comparison with that by heterogeneous one.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1993

A cloned delta-endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki NRD 6 was mutated at N-terminal toxic portion of the protoxin by site-directed mutagenesis. A Stu 1 restriction site was created in protoxin region of the mutant B.t.kurstaki NRD 6-Stu 1 which changed A to C in 177 region of the protoxin(silent mutation). Antigenic property of crystalline inclusion (delta-endotoxin) of the mutant was no difference to intact strain by the western blot analysis and its toxidity threshold value was also showed 0.015~0.030ng against Choristoneura femiferana-1 insect, similar with 0.01~0.024ng of parent strain, but stronger than that of B.t.kurstaki NRD 5 (500~1000ng) and B.t.kurstaki NRD 4(none toxic).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1163-1168
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• 2004

In order to establish the experimental clinical model for evaluating the influences on the sexual hormones of SD-rat administrated with Methoxychlor(MET), it was dissolved in acetone and olive oil (1:19), which was administrated orally at doses of 200㎎/㎏ body weight/day for 7 days. The Testosterone value was measured in sera by Gamma Count with 1251 isotype, also weights of the body, testis and liver were measured for 15 weeks. Testosterone in the serum of intacted SD-rats was 0.51±0.43ng/㎖(n=5), but it was 0.69±0.18(n=2)ng/㎖l on 1 week. 0.28±0.05ng/㎖(n=2) on 3 week, 1.52±0.95ng/㎖(n=3) on 5 week, and 0.54±1.95 ng/㎖(n=3) 15 week post-dosing MET, respectively. Histologically, the numbers of spermatozoa and Leydig cells were reduced, which might influence to reduce sexual hormone, and AST and ALT was not increased in the serum due to administrating with MET, blood profile was not changed according to the administration of MET excepting MCH(Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin). This study suggest that change of male sexual hormone by MET be a experimental model for evaluating some drugs associate with sex hormone.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2008

Voltammetric analysis of mercury ions was developed using paste electrodes (PEs) with DNA and carbon nanotube mixed electrodes. The optimized analytical results of the cyclic voltammetry (CV) of the $1{\sim}14ng\;L^{-1}Hg(II)$ concentration and the square wave (SW) stripping voltammetry of the $1{\sim}12ng\;L^{-1}Hg(II)$ working range within an accumulation time of 400 seconds were obtained in 0.1 M $NH_4H_2PO_4$ electrolyte solutions of pH 4.0. For the relative standard deviations of the $1ng\;L^{-1}Hg(II)$, which were observed at 0.078% (n = 15) at the optimum conditions, the low detection limit (S/N) was pegged at $0.2ng\;L^{-1}(7.37{\times}10^{-13}M)$ for Hg(II). The results can be applied to assays in biological fish kidneys and wastewater samples.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of diet composition on serum leptin and lipids profiles in rats. At the baseline, seven 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats, male, were sacrificed and the remaining rats were divided into five groups and each group was fed one of the following five dietary regiments for 2 weeks and 6 weeks;the control diet AIN76(CAL, n=2l), high-carbonhydrate(rice)(HCR, n=2l), high-carbohydrate(flour)(HCF, n=2l), high-fat(corn oil)(HFO, n=2l), high-fat(beef tallow)(HFB, n=2l). Serum leptin was determined by a double antibody ELISA assay at the baseline(n=7), 6 week(n=35) and 10 week of age(n=70). At 6 weeks of age, the increase in the Food Efficiency Ratio(FER) was related to adipocyte hyperplasia in rats on HFB diets. The serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol increased significantly in HFB group, and decreased in HFO group compared to control group. The HFC group showed significant increase in serum triglyceride level compared with control group. After 2 weeks and 6 weeks, noticeably high increases in epididymal adipose tissue fat cell mass and numbers were observed with the HFB fed group. Serum leptin levels increased as body weight increased over the period of time(4weeks; 1.50$\pm$0.13ng/ml versus 10weeks; 2.08$\pm$-.13ng/ml). And this result shows that there are 193% higher in rats fed high fat-beef tallow diet than the control diet. Serum leptin levels of the HFB group(4.01$\pm$0.39mg/ml) were significantly higher than that of the HFO(2.06$\pm$0.5613ng/ml), CAL(2.08$\pm$0.1313ng/ml), HCR(2.41$\pm$0.2113ng/ml) and HCF(2.80$\pm$0.4713ng/ml) at p<0.05. The serum leptin concentration was positively correlated with the amount of epididymal fat pads(r=0.47 p<0.01), serum triglyceride(r=0.49, p<0.001), tatal cholesterol(r=0.48, p<0.001), LDL-cholesterol(r=0.58, p<0.001), atherogenic index(r=0.67, p<0.001), and inversely correlated with HDL-cholesterol(r=-0.65, p<0.001). In conclusion, the changes in composition of dietary fat and carbohydrate intake could affect changes in concentration of serum lipids and leptin. Especially, the high-fat diet with animal fat source could increase circulating leptin level. (Korean J Nutrition 34(2) : 123-131, 2001)

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.137-151
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• 1979

Germinating conidia of Aspergillus nidulans diploid heterozygous for color and other genetic markers were used to direct and distinguish genetic events such as mutation, mitotic crossingover and nondisjunction in a single test after treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NG), mitomycin C(MC), and chloral hydrate(CH). The following results were obtained : 1. NG reduced the survival of conidia and increased the frequencies of miototic segregants about sevenfoli over the control ; among the mitotic segregants the predominant genetic event was mitotic crossingover. NG also produced many abnormal colonies, which appeared to be of the types caused by induced semidominant lethals or chromosomal aberrations, and the aneuploid types found spontaneously. 2. After treatment with MC the survival of conidia was reduced but few abnormal colonies were produced. The frequencies of miotic segregants were increased about threefold over the control ; in the mitotic segeregants the induced genetic event was mitotic crossingover. 3. CH gave no apparent effect on the survival of conidia and the frequencies of mitotic segregants. However, CH generated abnormal colonies, very greatly, which turned out to be of the aneuploid types. This result suggests that CH interferes with the normal distribution of chromosomes in mitosis.