• Title/Summary/Keyword: Newcastle Vaccine

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Studies on the immunization against Newcastle disease virus in Ogol chicken (오골계의 뉴캣슬바이러스 면역원성 조사)

  • 이종훈;김영진;정영균;정영재
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 1999
  • This study was conducted to determine whether the vaccination programs for the control of Newcastle disease(ND) would affect the immune status of Ogol chicken in Yeonsan, Chungnam province. The results obstained are summerized as followes ; 1. Maternal antibody titers level of Ogol chickes was 2 $log_2$. 2. The efficacy of the Newcastle spray and drinking water vaccine was evaluated by the antibody responses and the protection rates(over 90% ) after challenge with a virulent Newcastle disease vims at 14 days. 3. Spray vaccine caused on visible side reaction like respiratory symptoms, but it is declined of the 4~5 days.

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Epizootiological Study on the Outbreaks of Newscastle Disease in Korea (한국에 있어서 뉴캣슬병 발생의 역학적 조사)

  • 박근식
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.38-46
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    • 1979
  • This study was directed to the Peizootics of Newcastle disease in Korea. Since 1960 New-castle disease epizootics have been observed at an interval of one or two years. The frequency of Newcastle disease outbreaks was related to the amount of the vaccine used, being the more sufficient vaccine produced the fewer outbreaks. Regional distribution of Newcastle disease outbreaks was most frequent in the capital area, being the center of poultry raising and Poultry product marketing, and infrequent in areas distant from the capital. Spreading of Newcastle disease appears to be mainly due to the movement of infected chickens. More than 60 percent of the total outbreaks of Newcastle disease diagnosed at the Veterinary Research Institute in Anyang were observed in young chickens aged less than 60 days. Improper vaccination, interference by maternally derived antibody with the immune response following vaccination, ana immaturity of immune systems of young chickens might have contributed to the results. This view was further supported by the findings that 23 percent of the total flocks experienced Newcastle disease were not vaccinated at all and, in vaccinated flocks, virtually all of the flocks were vaccinated by the drinking water method, which has been known less effective compared to individual application or spraying methods.

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Release of Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine from Chitosan Microspheres In vitro and In vivo

  • Park, I.K.;Jiang, H.L.;Yun, C.H.;Choi, Y.J.;Kim, S.J.;Akaike, T.;Kim, S.I.;Cho, C.S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.543-547
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    • 2004
  • Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV)-loaded chitosan microspheres (NDV-CM) were prepared. Stimulatory effects of these NDV-CM on antibody response compared to free NDV were examined in vitro and in vivo. In vitro stimulation of macrophages with virus vaccine resulted in higher number of cells compared to saline-treated control. Both NDV and NDV-CM induced secretion of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in dose dependent manner and the secretion of IL-1 by NDV-CM was delayed compared to free NDV. Irrespective of vaccine formulation, NDV subunit antigen was not effective in preventing mortality of the birds after challenge. However, CM loaded with NDV made of whole viron had antibody responses and protection similar to those shown by ND-K, a commercial inactivated oilemulsion vaccine.

Studies on the immunization against field strain after live Newcastle disease virus vaccination (뉴캣슬병 생독백신 접종 후 야외 분리 바이러스에 대한 면역성 조사)

  • 김순태;박인화;김성국;김영환;조광현;손재권
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.147-159
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    • 2001
  • This Study was conducted to determine vaccination programs for the control of Newcastle Disease(ND) in chickens and investigate protective effect against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) after live ND vaccination. Maternal HI antibody titer level of chickens according to day(age) 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 were decreased gradually as 7.10$\pm$0.74, 6.57$\pm$0.74, 3.71$\pm$1.25, 2.20$\pm$1.03, 1.20$\pm$1.23 and 0.50$\pm$0.71. As a result of HI test and ELISA, both chickens vaccinated with VG/GA strain live vaccine at 1-day-old and chickens not vaccinated do not have antibody titer for protection against NDV at 14-day-old. Except for LaSota strain vaccine, in case of vaccination with VG/GA spray and VG/GA, B1 and LaSota strain drinking water at 14-day-old, the protective effect was 100% in chickens inoculated NDV($10^{7.2}$ $EID_{50}$/50${\mu}\ell$, eye drop) at 21-day-old, but not 10~50% at 28-day-old. These data suggest that live NDV vaccination should be given at 10-day-old 20-25day-old for protect against NDV at periodic outbreaks of ND caused by velogenic viscerotropic NDV in the environment of a farm.

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Efficacy of genotype-matched Newcastle disease virus vaccine formulated in carboxymethyl sago starch acid hydrogel in chickens vaccinated via different routes

  • Mahamud, Siti Nor Azizah;Bello, Muhammad Bashir;Ideris, Aini;Omar, Abdul Rahman
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.25.1-25.14
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    • 2022
  • Background: The commercially available Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines were developed based on Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates genetically divergent from field strains that can only prevent clinical disease, not shedding of virulent heterologous virus, highlighting the need to develop genotype-matched vaccines Objectives: This study examined the efficacy of the NDV genotype-matched vaccine, mIBS025 strain formulated in standard vaccine stabilizer, and in carboxymethyl sago starch-acid hydrogel (CMSS-AH) following vaccination via an eye drop (ED) and drinking water (DW). Methods: A challenge virus was prepared from a recent NDV isolated from ND vaccinated flock. Groups of specific-pathogen-free chickens were vaccinated with mIBS025 vaccine strain prepared in a standard vaccine stabilizer and CMSS-AH via ED and DW and then challenged with the UPM/NDV/IBS362/2016 strain. Results: Chickens vaccinated with CMSS-AH mIBS025 ED (group 2) developed the earliest and highest Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) NDV antibody titer (8log2) followed by standard mIBS025 ED (group 3) (7log2) both conferred complete protection and drastically reduced virus shedding. By contrast, chickens vaccinated with standard mIBS025 DW (group 5) and CMSS-AH mIBS025 DW (group 4) developed low HI NDV antibody titers of 4log2 and 3log2, respectively, which correspondingly conferred only 50% and 60% protection and continuously shed the virulent virus via the oropharyngeal and cloacal routes until the end of the study at 14 dpc. Conclusions: The efficacy of mIBS025 vaccines prepared in a standard vaccine stabilizer or CMSS-AH was affected by the vaccination routes. The groups vaccinated via ED had better protective immunity than those vaccinated via DW.

Comparison of tissue tropism of Newcastle disease vaccine viruses by Immunohistochemistry techniques (면역조직화학기법을 이용한 뉴캣슬병 백신바이러스의 조직친화성 비교)

  • Kim, Min-Jeong;Kwon, Yong-Kuk;Seong, Hwan-Woo;Kang, Shien-Young;Mo, In-Pil
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.539-549
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    • 2004
  • Mean death time of inoculated embryonated egg is one of the methods to determine the virulence of the Newcastle disease viruses (NDV). Evaluation of tissue tropism of NDV in the host has been proposed as an another way to determine the pathogenicity of NDV based on the principal site of viral replication. To evaluate the tissue tropism among NDV, an immunohistochemistry(IHC) technique using monoclonal antibody was applied in one-day-old SPF chickens inoculated with different ND vaccine strains such as Ulster 2C, VG/GA and B1 viruses by eye drop instillation. The tissues used for this comparison were trachea, intestine, Harderian gland and cecal tonsil, which were collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 14 days post inoculation. Among test groups, chickens inoculated with B1 viurs, which is known to replicate in the respiratory system, have IHC positive staining mainly in the trachea and those inoculated with Ulster 2C have IHC positive staining mainly in the intestine. However, chickens inoculated with VG/GA strain have IHC positive staining in both the trachea and intestine. Therefore, a differences in tissue tropism among ND vaccine strains has been proved by the IHC technique. Based on this results, the IHC staining technique could be used to classify the NDV or to study the pathogenesis of NDV in chickens.

A COMPARISON OF THE V4 STRAIN WITH THE CONVENTIONAL F1 AND M STRAIN OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VACCINE IN RURAL BANGLADESH

  • Biswas, H.R.;Hoque, M.M.;Chowdhury, S.M.Z.H.;Oxley, M.E.;Rahman, M.M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.231-235
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    • 1996
  • Bangladeshi indigenous chickens of mixed ages vaccinated twice at a three week interval with either conventional vaccines-$F_1$ (ocular) and M (mukteswar, Intramuscular), or heat resistant $V_4$ vaccine administered by either the ocular or oral routes, all showed satisfactory hemagglutination inhibition antibody (HI) responses and protection against Newcastle Disease (NCD) challenge persisting for four months. The antibody response to $F_1$ and M was higher than for $V_4$, which was similar whether administered by the ocular or oral routes. All vaccinated treatments have a significant level of protection compare to the control group (p<0.01). No significant difference (p>0.05) in the protection against controlled challenge with virulent NCD virus was found between vaccinated groups.

Consideration of Cause of Recent Severe Outbreaks of Newcastle Disease in Korea and a Brief Review of Virological Differences, Serological Diagnosis and Administration of a Vaccine (최근의 닭 뉴캣슬병 만연에 따른 원인과 바이러스의 성상, 진단 및 백신 운용에 관한 고찰)

  • 김재흥;송창선
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.65-76
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    • 1992
  • Since the first outbreaks of Newcastle disease ( ND) in Korea was reported in 1927, the disease has been a major problem in Korean poultry industry. Several attempts related ND prevention and controls have been tried and significantly reduced the ND outbreaks. However, recently frequencies of ND outbreaks have been increased throughout the country since 1988. Many assumptions such as variances of ND virus pathogenicity, decreased efficacy of ND vaccine, incorrect vaccination program etc, has been issued and discussed. Therefore, to clearly understand this recent situation of ND outbreaks in Korea, we reviewed all available past informations related with ND outbreaks in Korea and compared the virulence of recently isolated ND viruses with that of a reference one. Also, we discussed about some problems related with serological diagnosis. administration methods of vaccine and vaccination program.

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Partial nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of Newcastle disease virus and infectious bursal disease virus isolated in South Korea

  • Son So-Youn;Kim Duk-Soon;Kim Hyun-Soo;Kim Won-Seol;Park Jae-Myoung;Shin Hyun-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.375-385
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    • 2005
  • The present study was conducted to investigate the genetic profile of two prevalent avian pathogens in Korea namely, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Two farms located in Yeongi-gun, Chungnam were selected for this study. The two viruses were isolated from various organs (spleen, trachea, bursa of Fabricius) of deceased chickens that showed clinical symptoms of Newcastle Disease or Infectious bursal disease like swelling and congestion of the F bursa, facial edema, lacrimation, greenish yellow diarrhea as well as pathological signs like airsacculitis, haemorrhages in the intestines and so on. For analysis of NDV and IBDV, a 466 and 435 base pair fragments corresponding to the HN and VP2 regions which are highly conserved among related strains of NDV and IBDV, respectively, were amplified by RT-PCR and analyzed by sequencing. Comparison of the VP2 region showed a $99.3\%$ homology between the Korean IBDV isolate and the BJ836-attenuated vaccine strain. In contrast, the HN region of the Korean NDV isolate only has an 83 to $84\%$ homology with the vaccine strains LaSota, B1 and VGGA. Our findings reveal that the prevalent NDV strain in Korea is genetically different from the vaccine strains and may explain the recent outbreaks of Newcastle disease in the region.

A STUDY ON NEWCASTLE DISEASE VACCINATION: The Immunological Response to Inactivated and Attenuated Virus Vaccines (Newcastle병(病)의 예방접종(豫防接種)에 관한 연구(硏究); 사독(死毒)백신 및 감독(減毒)된 생독(生毒)백신에 대한 면역학적(免疫學的) 반응(反應))

  • Chung, Gill Taik
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.27-36
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    • 1962
  • Immune response to two methods of Newcastle disease virus vaccine, one inactivated and the other attenuated was observed and the data presented. (1) Administration of inactivated virus vaccine in an amount of 1.0 ml. by intramuscular route gave an appreciable immunity to Newcastle disease for a period of at least three-and-half months. (2) The chickens given attenuated virus vaccine in the drinking water produced satisfactory immunity as manifested by the fact that immunized birds showed resistance when challenged 105 days after the vaccination and maintained high degree of HI titer for a period of 75 days. (3) Vaccination with the attenuated virus vaccine in drinking water is very simple and time saving in procedure, although the duration of immunity seems to be slightly shorter than that proced by inactivated virus vaccine. The author wishes to express his appreciation, to Drs. Kyu Myung Lee, Chang Koo Lee, and Ryong Sook Kee of their suggestions and help. The author is also indebted to Dr. Chang Hi Lee, Director of Anyang Veterinary Laboratory, who allowed the use of the facilities of the laboratory, whitout which this experiment could not have been undertaken.

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