• Title/Summary/Keyword: New topology

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Understanding Lacan's Psychology through the Mathematical Concepts and its Application (수학적 개념을 통한 라깡의 심리학에 대한 이해와 그 응용)

  • Kim, Jae-Ryong
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.45-55
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    • 2014
  • Lacan gives an explanation on our real actual world by the concepts the "Real", the "Imaginary" and the "Symbolic". Although this three registers are not far from each other, they never can be unified. Among animals, only human has interest in the "truth". The concept of truth is discussed and debated in several contexts, including philosophy and religion. Many human activities depend upon the concept, which is assumed rather than a subject of discussion, including science, law, and everyday life. Language and words are a means by which humans convey information to one another, and the method used to determine what is a "truth" is termed a criterion of truth. Accepting then that "language is the basic social institution in the sense that all others presuppose language", Lacan found in Ferdinand de Saussure's linguistic division of the verbal sign between signifier and signified a new key to the Freudian understanding that "his therapeutic method was 'a talking cure'". The purpose of this paper is to understand Lacan's psychology and psychoanalysis by using the mathematical concepts and mathematical models, especially geometrical and topological models. And re-explanation of the symbolic model and symbols can help students understand new ideas and concepts in the educational scene.

Effect of Pad Structure and Friction Material Composition on Brake Squeal Noise (제동패드의 구조와 마찰재 조성이 제동 스킬소음에 미치는 영향)

  • Goo, Byeong Choon;Kim, Jae Chul;Lee, Beom Joo;Park, Hyoung Chul;Na, Sun Joo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2017
  • Brake squeal noise has been a challenging problems for a long time. It is very annoying to passengers and residents near tracks. Two methods have been applied to reduce or eliminate brake squeal noise. One is to improve frictional materials; the other is to optimize the topology and structures of brake pads. In this study, we developed two kinds of brake pads; one is a pad whose frictional material is different from the KTX brake pad friction material; the other is a flexible pad that has the same frictional material as that of the KTX brake pad, but a different structure. Squeal noise and friction coefficients were measured and analyzed using a full-scale brake dynamometer. It was found that the dynamometer test can simulate the squeal noise of KTX trains at stations. The squeal frequency of the KTX at 4500Hz was exactly reproduced; this value of 4500Hz was one of the natural frequencies of the KTX brake disc. It was also found that the squeal noise depended on the caliper pressure, initial disc temperature and braking speed. The average friction coefficient was 0.35~0.45. The new pad lowered the squeal noise by 17.3~21.6dB(A).

Research on High-Efficiency Power Conversion Structure for Railroad Auxiliary Power Supply(APS) System (철도차량 보조전원장치의 효율향상을 위한 새로운 전력변환회로 구조 연구)

  • Cho, In-Ho;Jung, Shin-Myung;Lee, Byoung-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.297-303
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    • 2016
  • This paper introduces auxiliary power supply systems (APS) for railroad applications and proposes a new power conversion structure for highly-efficient and lightweight APS systems. The proposed structure focuses on an improvement of the power density in APS. It eliminates unnecessary power conversion stages in the conventional APS structure by modulating the dc/dc converter circuit and the structure of the system. The dc/dc converter circuit used in the proposed structure is based on a multi-level half-bridge converter, a widely used topology in railroad APS applications; a flying capacitor is newly added to the conventional circuit. The added capacitor is used not only to enhance the soft switching condition of the switches, but also so that the new pantograph will have a side voltage source of a battery charger in the APS structure. Since the battery charger uses the pantograph side voltage source in the proposed structure, rather than using the output of the main dc/dc converter in the conventional structure, the size and efficiency of the main dc/dc converter are reduced and increased, respectively. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed structure, simulation results will be presented with metropolitan transit APS specifications.

'Hongan', a New Mid-Season Apple Cultivar (중생종 사과 '홍안(紅顔)' 육성)

  • Kwon, Soon-Il;Kim, Jung-In;Kim, Mok-Jong;Paek, Pong-Nyeol;Shin, Yong-Uk;Hwang, Jung-Hwan;Kang, Sang-Jo;Kim, Dae-Il;Choi, Cheol;Kang, In-Kyu
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.655-658
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    • 2011
  • A new cultivar 'Hongan' was originated from an artificial cross between 'Fuji' and 'Jonathan' carried out at National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science in 1993. The cultivar was preliminarily selected among the elite siblings for its high fruit quality in 2002. After regional adaptability test at five districts for subsequent four years as 'Wonkyo Ga-32', it was finally selected in 2006. 'Hongan' is characterized by the following. Optimum harvest time is late September. Shape of the mature fruit at 309 g on mean weight is globosity with a light red skin on a greenish yellow ground and yellowish white flesh. The fruit contains favorable total soluble solids at $13.7^{\circ}Brix$ and an acidity at 0.28%. Safe storage period for the fruit is 3 weeks at room temperature. It is resistant to Bitter rot. 'Hongan' also reveals a physiological cross compatibility with leading cultivars such as 'Gamhong' and 'Tsugaru' in addition to its maternal parent 'Fuji'. Tree topology is semi-spreading with vigorous growth habit.

A Hardware Barrier Synchronization using Multi -drop Scheme in Parallel Computer Systems (병렬 컴퓨터 시스템에서의 Multi-drop 방식을 사용한 하드웨어 장벽 동기화)

  • Lee, June-Bum;Kim, Sung-Chun
    • Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.485-495
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    • 2000
  • The parallel computer system that uses parallel program on the application such as a large scale business or complex operation is required. One of crucial operation of parallel computer system is synchronization. A representative method of synchronization is barrier synchronization. A barrier forces all process to wait until all the process reach the barrier and then releases all of the processes. There are software schemes, hardware scheme, or combinations of these mechanism to achieve barrier synchronization which tends to use hardware scheme. Besides, barrier synchronization lets parallel computer system fast because it has fewer start-up overhead. In this paper, we propose a new switch module that can implement fast and fault-tolerant barrier synchronization in hardware scheme. A proposed barrier synchronization is operated not in full-switch-driven method but in processor-driven method. An effective barrier synchronization is executed with inexpensive hardware supports. Therefore, a new proposed hardware barrier synchronization is designed that it is operated in arbitrary network topology. In this paper, we only show comparison of barrier synchronization on Multistage Interconnection Network. This research results in 24.6-24.8% reduced average delay. Through this result, we can expect lower average delay in irregular network.

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Recovery Schemes for Spatial Data Update Transactions in Client-Server Computing Environments (클라이언트-서버 환경에서 공간 데이터의 변경 트랜잭션을 위한 회복 기법)

  • 박재관;최진오;홍봉희
    • Journal of KIISE:Databases
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.64-79
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    • 2003
  • In client-server computing environments, update transactions of spatial data have the following characteristics. First, a transaction to update maps needs interactive work, and therefore it nay take a long time to finish. Second, a long transaction should be allowed to read the dirty data to enhance parallelism of executing concurrent transactions. when %he transaction is rolled back, it should guarantee the cascading rollback of all of the dependent transactions. Finally, two spatial objects may have a weak dependency constraint, called the spatial relationship, based on geometric topology. The existing recovery approaches cannot be directly applied to this environment, due to the high rollback cost and the overhead of cascading rollbacks. Furthermore, the previous approaches cannot guarantee the data integrity because the spatial relationship, which is a new consistency constraint of spatial data, is not considered. This paper presents new recovery schemes for update transactions of spatial data. To guarantee the data integrity, this paper defines recovery dependency as a rendition of cascading rollbacks. The partial-rollback is alto suggested to solve the problem of high rollback cost. The recovery schemes proposed in this paper can remove the unnecessary cascading rollbacks by using undo-delta, partial -redo and partial-undo. Finally, the schemes are performed to ensure the correctness.

Design of a 2.5V 300MHz 80dB CMOS VGA Using a New Variable Degeneration Resistor (새로운 가변 Degeneration 저항을 사용한 2.5V 300MHz 80dB CMOS VGA 설계)

  • 권덕기;문요섭;김거성;박종태;유종근
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.40 no.9
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    • pp.673-684
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    • 2003
  • A degenerated differential pair has been widely used as a standard topology for digitally programmable CMOS VGAs. A variable degeneration resistor has been implemented using a resistor string or R-2R ladder with MOSFET switches. However, in the VGAs using these conventional methods, low-voltage and high-speed operation is very hard to achieve due to the dc voltage drop over the degeneration resistor. To overcome this problem a new variable degeneration resistor is proposed where the dc voltage drop is almost removed. Using the proposed gain control scheme, a low-voltage and high-speed CMOS VGA is designed. HSPICE simulation results using a 0.25${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS process parameters show that the designed VGA provides a 3dB bandwidth of 360MHz and a 80dB gain control range in 2dB step. Gain errors are less than 0.4dB at 200MHz and less than l.4dB at 300MHz. The designed circuit consumes 10.8mA from a 2.5V supply and its die area is 1190${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$${\times}$360${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$.

A New Variable Degeneration Resistor for Digitally Programmable CMOS VGA (디지털 방식의 이득조절 기능을 갖는 CMOS VGA를 위한 새로운 가변 축퇴 저항)

  • Kwon, Duck-Ki;Park, Jong-Tae;Yu, Chong-Gun
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.7 no.1 s.12
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    • pp.43-55
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    • 2003
  • A degenerated differential pair has been widely used as a standard topology for digitally programmable CMOS VGAs. A variable degeneration resistor has been implemented using a resistor string or R-2R ladder with MOSFET switches. However, in the VGAs using these conventional methods, low-voltage and high-speed operation is very hard to achieve due to the dc voltage drop over the degeneration resistor. To overcome the problem a new variable degeneration resistor is proposed where the dc voltage drop is almost removed. The proposed gain control scheme makes it easy to implement a low-voltage and high-speed VGA. This paper describes the problems existed in conventional methods, the principle and advantages of the proposed scheme, and their performance comparison in detail. A CMOS VGA cell is designed using the proposed degeneration resistor. The 3dB bandwidths are greater than 650㎒ and the gain errors are less than 0.3dB in a gain control range from -12dB to +12dB in 6dB steps. It consumes 3.1㎃ from a 2.5V supply voltage.

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In Situ Spectroscopy in Condensed Matter Physics

  • Noh, Tae Won
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2014.02a
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    • pp.92-92
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    • 2014
  • Recently, many state-of-art spectroscopy techniques are used to unravel the mysteries of condensed matters. And numerous heterostructures have provided a new avenue to search for new emergent phenomena. Especially, near the interface, various forms of symmetry-breaking can appear, which induces many novel phenomena. Although these intriguing phenomena can be emerged at the interface, by using conventional measurement techniques, the experimental investigations have been limited due to the buried nature of interface. One of the ways to overcome this limitation is in situ investigation of the layer-by-layer evolution of the electronic structure with increasing of the thickness. Namely, with very thin layer, we can measure the electronic structure strongly affected by the interface effect, but with thick layer, the bulk property becomes strong. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is powerful tool to directly obtain electronic structure, and it is very surface sensitive. Thus, the layer-by-layer evolution of the electronic structure in oxide heterostructure can be investigated by using in situ ARPES. LaNiO3 (LNO) heterostructures have recently attracted much attention due to theoretical predictions for many intriguing quantum phenomena. The theories suggest that, by tuning external parameters such as misfit strain and dimensionality in LNO heterostructure, the latent orders, which is absent in bulk, including charge disproportionation, spin-density-wave order and Mott insulator, could be emerged in LNO heterostructure. Here, we performed in situ ARPES studies on LNO films with varying the misfit strain and thickness. (1) By using LaAlO3 (-1.3%), NdGaO3 (+0.3%), and SrTiO3 (+1.7%) substrates, we could obtain LNO films under compressive strain, nearly strain-free, and tensile strain, respectively. As strain state changes from compressive to tensile, the Ni eg bands are rearranged and cross the Fermi level, which induces a change of Fermi surface (FS) topology. Additionally, two different FS superstructures are observed depending on strain states, which are attributed to signatures of latent charge and spin orderings in LNO films. (2) We also deposited LNO ultrathin films under tensile strain with thickness between 1 and 10 unit-cells. We found that the Fermi surface nesting effect becomes strong in two-dimensions and significantly enhances spin-density-wave order. The further details are discussed more in presentation. This work was collaborated with Hyang Keun Yoo, Seung Ill Hyun, Eli Rotenberg, Ji Hoon Shim, Young Jun Chang and Hyeong-Do Kim.

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A Study of Use of Auto Rigging Tool To Increase Effectiveness of 3D Animation Production (3D애니메이션제작의 효율성 향상을 위한 오토 리깅 툴의 활용에 대한 연구)

  • Baek, Jong-Yeol
    • Cartoon and Animation Studies
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    • s.49
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    • pp.247-265
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    • 2017
  • With the increasingly diverse, sophisticated and complex character animations that can be represented in 3D animations, the importance of rigging, which can most directly affect animating quality, is becoming more and more important. In addition, rapidity is another crucial aspect of 3D animation production. So, the importance of technical director's role which is accurate and rapid handling of rigging pipeline building and immediate application and, corrections of errors during the longest and manpower consuming animation production is more becoming key. Baek Ji Won and Kim Jae-woong (2014) said, "The technical director is adding new importance to the new job, which is created by 3D animation, in conjunction with the limited production period, manpower, budget and production process." Most major overseas studios are developing in-house software to handle rigging and animation processes. Software development code is used to freely develop and modify production pipelines in accordance with the direction of the work. They are making efforts to build an optimal environment for animators. However, too many efforts and ineffective efforts have been made to develop, adapt, and stabilize the rigging process for small producers, creators, and students who do not have the capacity to develop their own in-house software or hire a technical director. This study suggests the most suitable auto-rigging tool among the many auto-rigging tools released in the market, and suggests the most accurate and quick auto-rigging process setting method for those who have insufficient knowledge about 3D character rigging. The efficiency of use of auto-rigging tool was examined.