• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.10
• /
• pp.320-329
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing intention to stay among new graduate nurses. The participants were 127 new graduate nurses working at A University hospital in Gyeonggi Province. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. The results showed that job satisfaction, reality shock, working period, and resilience were significant predictors of intention to stay and explained for 44.2% of the variance in intention to stay. The findings of this study suggest that interventions focusing on reducing the reality shock through pre-experiences or trainings in clinical situations and enhancing the resilience are needed to improve intention to stay for the new graduate nurses. Also it is necessary to establish a support system and work environment to improve nursing job satisfaction, and a long-term education program of more than 6 months is needed to help new nurses adapt to work.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.165-170
• /
• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop new K-OWAS on the basis of the anthropometry of Koreans considering works in shipbuilding and heavy industry for evaluation whole-body working postures. Background: Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders(WMSDs) were a leading cause of sick leaves and injuries in the industries of our country. Especially, awkward working postures and handling of heavy weight are known as a main cause of WMSDs. OWAS, RULA and REBA are much used as the method for evaluating the awkward working postures. OWAS is the working postures evaluation method that can be used for the evaluation of whole-body working postures. OWAS was the method made based on the anthropometry of the foreigner, working postures and weight does not fit our work state. Method: This method was evaluated considering the anthropometry of the Koreans, working postures and weight in shipbuilding and heavy industry work state in Korea. Results: Correlation of action level of OWAS and subjective discomfort for each body parts were not statistically significant($p{\geq}0.1$). But correlation of action level of K-OWAS and subjective discomfort for torso and waist were statistically significant($p{\leq}0.1$). Conclusion: K-OWAS was suitable in the evaluation of upper body including torso and waist. Application: New method for whole-body working postures from this study prevent WMSDs and help improvement of working environment and design of working method.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.176-185
• /
• 2002

Knowing the accurate GA is critical in nursing care of high-risk newborns. A descriptive study was performed to examine the reliability and clinical applicability of the new Ballard examination (NBE) in high-risk infants. Method: A NBE was performed to measure GA by assessing the neuromuscular and physical maturity in the course of physical examination of a convenient sample of 50 high-risk infants. Results: 1) There was a highly correlation between both the GA by LMP (GA-LMP) and GA by NBE (GA-NBE) (r = .894, p = .000) 2) There was a greater positive relationship in neuromuscular maturity than physical maturity in the GA-NBE of the high-risk newborn (r = .657 versus r = .915, p <. 05). 3) The high-risk infants were thoes with congenital anomalies, prematurity, and RDS(Respiratory Distress Syndrome). Male infants showed a higher neuromuscular maturity, compared to female infants. 4) There was a positive correlation between neuromuscular, physical, total maturity, GA-LMP and GA-NBE in the birth weight, 1 minute Apgar score. Conclusion: The study supports the reliability an clinical relevance of NBE in assessment of the accurate GA in high-risk infants.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
• /
• v.30B no.12
• /
• pp.12-20
• /
• 1993

In a conventional adaptive echo canceller, an ADF(Adaptive Digital Filter) with TDL(Tapped-Delay Line) structure modelling the echo path uses the LMS(Least Mean Square) algorithm to compute the coefficients, and NET detector using energy comparison method prevents the ADF to update the coefficients during the periods of the NET signal presence. The convergence speed of the LMS algorithm depends on the eigenvalue spread ratio of the reference signal and NET detector using the energy comparison method yields poor detection performance if the magnitude of the NET signal is small. This paper presents a new adaptive echo canceller which uses the pre-whitening filter to improve the convergence speed of the LMS algorithm. The pre-whitening filter is realized by using a low-order lattice predictor. Also, a new NET signal detection algorithm is presented, where the start point of the NET signal is detected by computing the cross-correlation coefficient between the primary input and the ADF output while the end point is detected by using the energy comparison method. The simulation results show that the convergence speed of the proposed adaptive echo canceller is faster than that of the conventional echo canceller and the cross-correlation coefficient yields more accurate detection of the start point of the NET signal.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1992.06a
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 1992

The purpose of this paper is to develop a new adaptive echo canceller improving convergence speed and near-end-talker detection performance of the conventional echo canceller. In a conventional adaptive echo canceller, an adaptive digital filter with TDL(Tapped-Delay Line) structure modelling the echo path uses the LMS(Least Mean Square) algorithm to cote the coefficients, and NET detector using energy comparison method prevents the adaptive digital filter to update the coefficients during the periods of the NET signal presence. The convergence speed of the LMS algorithm depends on the eigenvalue spread ratio of the reference signal and NET detector using the energy comparison method yields poor detection performance if the magnitude of the NET signal is small. This paper presents a new adaptive echo canceller which uses the pre-whitening filter to improve the convergence speed of the LMS algorithm. The pre-whitening filter is realized by using a low-order lattice predictor. Also, a new NET signal detection algorithm is presented, where the start point of the NET signal is detected by computing the cross-correlation coefficient between the primary input and the ADF(Adaptive Digital Filter) output while the end point is detected by using the energy comparison method. The simulation results show that the convergence speed of the proposed adaptive echo canceller is faster than that of the conventional echo canceller and the cross-correlation coefficient yield more accurate detection of the start point of the NET signal.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.115-122
• /
• 2018

Most domestic and international standards on the forming limit diagram (FLD) including ISO 12004-2, use a 'position-dependent method,' which determines the forming limit from a strain distribution measured on the specimen after necking or fracture. However, the position-dependent method has inherent problems such as the incidence of asymmetry of a strain distribution, the estimation of missing data near fracture, the termination time of test, and the deformation due to the new stress equilibrium after a fracture, which is blamed for causing sometimes a significant lab-to-lab variation. The 'time-dependent method,' which is anticipated to be a new international standard for evaluating the forming limit, is expected to greatly improve these intrinsic disadvantages of the position-dependent method. It is because the time-dependent method makes it possible to identify and accurately determine the forming limit, just before the necking point from the strain data as continuously measured in a short time interval. In this study, we propose a new time-dependent method based on a Gaussian fitting of strain acceleration with the introduction of 'normalized correlation coefficient.' It has been shown in this study that this method can determine the forming limit very stably and gives a higher value, which is in comparison with the results of the previously studied position-dependent and time-dependent methods.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.127-135
• /
• 2020

Coronavirus is generally known to cause minor respiratory diseases in animals and humans. However, some coronavirus genus is reported to cause animal-to-human interspecies infection. Since the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus (COVID-19) infection is spreading rapidly throughout the world, leading to the declaration of the pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Despite various clinical studies to counter COVID-19 infection, the total confirmed cases and death rates are still accumulating. To break down this new threat, we should pay attention to newly revealed information based on scientific facts. In this review, we introduced the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment of patients infected with COVID-19. Moreover, we highlighted the correlation between COVID-19 severity and patients with underlying diseases. Potential risks associated with COVID-19 can be differed depending on the condition of patients and can cause pulmonary complications. Therefore, lung capacity exams are expected to help predict the progression of the disease along with previously established detection methods such as molecular diagnostics and immunoassay. Although physiological research hasn't yet been emphasized to evaluate COVID-19 infection, this review is expected to be valuable to give new inspiration to deal with COVID-19 which might strike again in the future.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.230-236
• /
• 2012

Based on the known binary sequence sets and Gray mapping, a new method for constructing quaternary sequence sets is presented and the resulting sequence sets' properties are investigated. As three direct applications of the proposed method, when we choose the binary aperiodic, periodic, and Z-complementary sequence sets as the known binary sequence sets, the resultant quaternary sequence sets are the quaternary aperiodic, periodic, and Z-complementary sequence sets, respectively. In comparison with themethod proposed by Jang et al., the new method can cope with either both the aperiodic and periodic cases or both even and odd lengths of sub-sequences, whereas the former is only fit for the periodic case with even length of sub-sequences. As a consequence, by both our and Jang et al.'s methods, an arbitrary binary aperiodic, periodic, or Z-complementary sequence set can be transformed into a quaternary one no matter its length of sub-sequences is odd or even. Finally, a table on the existing quaternary periodic complementary sequence sets is given as well.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2006.06a
• /
• pp.241-242
• /
• 2006

MPEG Surround is an audio coding technology that represents multi-channel audio signal with downmixed audio signal(s) and very low bitrate side information based on Binaural Cue Coding. The side information consists of Inter-Channel Level Difference, Inter-Channel Correlation, and payloads. These two parameters are correspondent to the well-known spatial parameters in psycho-acoustics, Inter-aural Level Difference (ILD) and Inter-Aural Cross Correlation (IACC). Though ICLD is to provide perceptually equivalent ILD to the listener, however, the ILD of the original multi-channel audio signal and that of the MPEG Surround encoded signal was different. The difference between two ILD values is defined as ILD Distortion (ILDD). This paper provides how ILDD can be applied to enhance sound quality in MPEG Surround and how much ILDD is decreased.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2016

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a promising approach for cellular communication due to its energy efficiency and high achievable data rate. These advantages, however, can be realized only when channel state information (CSI) is available at the transmitter. Since there are many antennas, CSI is too large to feed back without compression. To compress CSI, prior work has applied compressive sensing (CS) techniques and the fact that CSI can be sparsified. The adopted sparsifying bases fail, however, to reflect the spatial correlation and channel conditions or to be feasible in practice. In this paper, we propose a new sparsifying basis that reflects the long-term characteristics of the channel, and needs no change as long as the spatial correlation model does not change. We propose a new reconstruction algorithm for CS, and also suggest dimensionality reduction as a compression method. To feed back compressed CSI in practice, we propose a new codebook for the compressed channel quantization assuming no other-cell interference. Numerical results confirm that the proposed channel feedback mechanisms show better performance in point-to-point (single-user) and point-to-multi-point (multi-user) scenarios.