• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.1468-1471
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• 2006

The last step in L-carnitine biosynthesis in eukaryotic organisms is mediated by ${\gamma}$-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (EC1.14.11.1), a dioxygenase that converts ${\gamma}$-butyrobetaine to L-carnitine. This enzyme was previously identified from rat liver and humans, and the peptide sequence of human ${\gamma}$-butyrobetaine hydroxylase was used to search the Neurospora crassa genome database, which led to an identification of an open reading frame (ORF) consisting of 1,407 bp encoding a polypeptide of 468 amino acids. When this protein was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the crude cell-free extract exhibited ${\gamma}$-butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.1000-1004
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• 2012

Fungal biomass and fungal extract of the nonpathogenic fungus Neurospora crassa were successfully used as reducing agents for the biosynthesis of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs). The experiment was carried out by exposing the fungal biomass or the fungal extract to a 0.001 M precursor solution of hexachloroplatinic(IV) acid ($H_2PtCl_6$). A change of color of the biomass from pale yellow to dark brown was the first indication of possible formation of PtNPs by the fungus. Subsequent analyses confirmed the intracellular biosynthesis of single PtNPs (4-35 nm in diameter) and spherical nanoaggregates (20-110 nm in diameter). Using the fungal extract, similar results were obtained, producing rounded nanoaggregates of Pt single crystals in the range of 17-76 nm.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.1664-1669
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• 2017

Gamma-aminobutyric acid is a precursor of nylon-4, which is a promising heat-resistant biopolymer. GABA can be produced from the decarboxylation of glutamate by glutamate decarboxylase. In this study, a synthetic scaffold complex strategy was employed involving the Neurospora crassa glutamate decarboxylase (GadB) and Escherichia coli GABA antiporter (GadC) to improve GABA production. To construct the complex, the SH3 domain was attached to the N. crassa GadB, and the SH3 ligand was attached to the N-terminus, middle, and C-terminus of E. coli GadC. In the C-terminus model, 5.8 g/l of GABA concentration was obtained from 10 g/l glutamate. When a competing pathway engineered strain was used, the final GABA concentration was further increased to 5.94 g/l, which corresponds to 97.5% of GABA yield. With the introduction of the scaffold complex, the GABA productivity increased by 2.9 folds during the initial culture period.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.246-254
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• 2005

Analysis of the complete genome of Neurospora crassa reveals that at least 19 proteins contain tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs. One of them shows over $60\%$ homology to Ssn6 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a universal repressor that mediates repression of genes involved in various cellular processes. Mutant strains generated by RIP (repeat-induced point mutation) process showed four distinctive vegetative growth patterns and slow growth in various rates. Firstly, a mutant showed denser mycelial growth, yellow, csp, and looked like ropy mutant. Secondly, slower growth, dense mycelial, and conidial phenotype. Thirdly, extremely slower growth and aconidial. And finally, flat, tittle aerial hyphae, acon, and similar with a rco-1 RIP mutant. They are all male-fertile, yet female-sterile and produced little or no perithecium. It seems that various phenotypes were occurred depending upon mostly likely, the degree of RIP. These results indicate that this gene may be involved in several cellular possess during vegetative growth, and asexual and sexual development. Therefore it is pleiotropic. Sequence analysis of cDNA shows that it encodes a putative 102 kDa protein composed of 917 amino acids, and has six introns. It is designated rcm-1 (regulation of conidiation and morphology).

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 1975

Uptake of $^{14}C$-sorbose and $^{14}C$-3-O-methylglucose by ungerminated conidia of Neurospora crassa was measured by means of the millipore filter technique. Initial rates of jptake of both sorbose and 3-O-methylglucose show a marked dependence optimal pH for uptake of both sugars is close to 4.75. When ungerminated conidia are "starved" with buffer for a prolonged period of time prior to assaying their transport capacity and mycelia, no de-repression of the glucose-repressible sugar transport system is effectuated in contrast to the findings for germinated conidia.d conidia.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.209-213
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• 1989

Transformation of an auxotrophic requirement for uracil in Pleurotus florida P101 has been achieved using chimeric vector containing Aspergillus nidulans ans 1, and Neurospora crassa pyr 4 DNA. Protoplasts of $Ura^-$strains of P. florida were incubated with plasmid pDJB3 containing the cloned pyr 4 gene in the presence of polyethylene glycol and $CaCl_2$. Transformants could grow on MMM showing mitotical stability. Southern hybridization analysis of DNA isolated from transformants showed that the Neurospora pyr 4 gene and vector sequence might be integrated into the P. florida chromosomes. As the transformants were monokaryon, each transformant was mated with the other monokaryon. Fruitbody shape of untransformant was eroded type but those of transformants were eroded type, funnel type, plane type and ungrowing cap type.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.8-12
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• 1989

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 1989

Radioactive N-$\alpha$-p-nitrobenzoxycarbonyl (NBZ)-L-[2,$3-^{3}$H] arginyl diazomethane was used as an affinity label for the vacuolar arginine transporter in Neurospora crassa. Vacuolar matrix proteins were removed by fracturing the membranes with freeze-thaw method in dry ice/ethanol bath. Vacuolar membrane proteins were then wasged with 500mM NaCl to remove ionically bound derivatives and peripheral membrane proteins from vacuolar membranes. After dissolved in 1% Titon X-100, dissolved vacuolar memvrane proteins were separated with molecular sieve column chromatography, anion and cation exchange chromatographies. The arginine transporter was purified giving the purification factor of 1136.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2003

N crassa mutant strain nap showed reduced growth rate, decreased electric membrane potential, and elevated intracellular ATP content in comparison to the wild type. Blue light induced a hyperpolarization of the membrane potential in both strains. The analysis of oxidative and phosphorylation activities of mitochondria isolated from the two strains has revealed that nap utilized more efficient oxidative pathways. The higher intracellular ATP content in the nap was presumably due to impaired transport systems of the plasma membrane, and to a lesser extent to the functioning of the fully competent respiratory chain. The excess ATP possibly accounts for carotenoid accumulation in the mutant.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.55-65
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• 2013

Sterilization of Neurospora crassa has been investigated in this research by using a surface air plasma with dielectric barrier discharged (DBD) structure under atmospheric pressure. The sinusoidal alternating current has been used in this experiment with discharge voltage of 1.4~2.3 kV. The phase difference between the voltage and current signals are found to be almost 80 degree due to the capacitive property of dielectric barrier. Temperature on the biomaterials has been minimized by radiating the heat with the air cooling system. It is noted that the substrate temperature remains under 37 degree for plasma exposure time of 10 minutes with operation of cooler system. It is found that the ozone, $O_3$, has been measured to be about 25~30 ppm within 1 cm region and to be about 5 ppm at the 150 cm downstream region away from the suface plasma. It is also noted that the nitric oxide, NO, and nitric dioxide, $NO_2$, are not nearly detected. Germination rate and mitochodrial activity of Neurospora crassa immersed in the deionized water have been found to be drastically decreased as the plasma treatment time and its electrical power are increased in this experiment. Here, the mitochondrial activity has been analyzed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethy lthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay. However, sterilization of Neurospora crassa immersed in the Vogel's minimal media has been found to be low by plasma treatment, which is caused by surrounding background solution. This research shows the sterilization possibility of Neurospora crassa by using the noncontated surface DBD plasma, which is different from the plasma jet. This is mainly attibuted to the reactive species generated by the surface plasma, since they play a major role for inhibition of micobes such as Neurospora crassa.