• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.99-120
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• 2000

This study was undertaken to examine difficulties confronted by interviewees during post-divorce adjustment, and to investigate factors which influence critically to the post-divorce adjustment.. Interviewees were confronted with severe economic difficulties but the post-divorce adjustment was not much influenced by such economic difficulties. Supportive social network such as parents, brothers and sisters, friends, self-help group of single parents was related to the positive post-divorce adjustment. After divorce, some interviewees did not tend to meet their friends. All parents thought their children to be sources of support throughout the divorce process and their post-divorce life. On the other hand, some noncustodial parents felt guilty and a serious deprivation. Divorce initiator factor was not related to the post-divorce adjustment. To the most interviewees, the period before the decision to divorce was the most difficult one.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.12-23
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• 1987

본 연구에서는 국립지리원에서 1974년-1986년에 수행한 우리나라 제 1차 1등수준측량 데이터의 철저한 분석이 이루어졌다. 각 노선별 정확도의 분석과 조정결과의 검토를 통하여 각국의 경우와 비교ㆍ평가되었다. 연구결과로는 수준망에 내재된 정오차가 전반적으로 크게 나타나고 있으나 국제측지학협회(IAG)의 정밀수준측량 정확도를 만족하고 있으므로 지도제작이나 건설공사용으로 타당함을 보여주고 있다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제36권
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• pp.71-76
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• 2016

In this study, we determined the precise coordinates of TBMs (Tidal Bench Marks), which used as the national reference points in coastal area of Korea, using a GPS data analysis SW for the academic and scientific applications, GAMIT/GLOBK. For accurate 3-D positioning of TBM locations, we performed the GPS point surveying according to the national surveying policy and also acquired the GPS data for 48 TBMs located in the western and southern coastal part of Korea. Considering the results of baseline analysis to each observation session obtained from GAMIT module, the baseline analysis was realized to be done precisely because the values of Normalized RMS (NRMS) were mostly less than ${\pm}0.20mm$. Before the network adjustment using GLOBK module, we evaluated the suitability of observations for each session by applying the chi-squared test (${\chi}^2$ test) to the degree of freedom in observed session. An overall distributions of ${\chi}^2$ test were less than 1.0 for all sessions, and the statistical of ${\chi}^2$ test showed the average, 0.267 with minimum and maximum value, 0.063 and 0.653, respectively. Finally, we analyzed the network adjustment for 48 TBMs to reduce the residuals of baseline analysis on each point by connecting with 42 permanent GPS stations in Korea. In the network adjustment procedure, we set up the weighted values of each permanent station to be allocated between 0.9 and 1.14, and also removed the observed points having residual exceeds 4-times of standard deviation ($4{\sigma}$).

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.95-101
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• 1990

이 논문은 정규방정식을 사용하지 않고서 관측방정식으로부터 직접 직교분해법을 이용하여 측지망을 조정하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구결과, 이 방법은 자유망이나 가중측점조건에 의한 망조정의 경우에 있어서도 효과적으로 안정된 해를 제공하고 정규방정식에서의 Cholesky factor를 활용할 수 있는 등 중규모의 망조정에 적합함을 보여주고 있다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.281-284
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• 2004

This paper presents the design and implementation of a QoS based enhanced collaboration system in MDO. This is an efficient distributed communication tool between designers. It supports text communication, audio/video communication, file transfer and XML data sending/receiving. Specially, this system supports a dynamic QoS self-adaptation by using the improved direct adjustment algorithm (DAA+). The original direct adjustment algorithm adjusts the transmission rate according to the congestion level of the network, based on the end to end real time transport protocol (RTP), and controls the transmission rate by using the information of loss ratio in real time transport control protocol (RTCP). But the direct adjustment algorithm does not consider when the RTCP packets are lost. We suggest an improved direct adjustment algorithm to solve this problem. We apply our improved direct adjustment algorithm to our of QoS (Quality of Service) [1] based collaboration system and show the improved performance of transmission rate and loss ratio.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 1990

최근, 광파거리측량기(EDM)가 트래버스측량과 3변측량에 널리 활용되고 있는 추세에 비추어, 본 연구에서는 Electronic Total Stations (Set 3)을 이용, 개합 트래터스망을 엄밀히 조정하기 위하여 측각과 측거를 고려한 동시조정법으로 엄밀조정을 행하였으며, 또한 관측거리 및 배각수에 따라 측각에 발생하는 각종 우연오차를 검토해 보았다. 그리고 본 동시조정법과 컴파스측정 및 트랜싯트법칙을 비교 검토한 결과, 측각과 측거를 고려한 동시조정법이 정학도가 가장 좋아 타조정법에 비해 실용성 및 적용의 타당성이 입증되었다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2008

우리나라 1등 수준망은 1974년부터 1986년간 관측된 자료를 1987년 동시 조정된 바 있다. 이후, 국토지리정보원에서는 2001년부터 2006년까지 전자레벨과 바코드 함척을 이용하여 1등 수준망에 대한 직접수준측량 실시하였고, 본 연구는 이들 관측자료 분석 및 수준망 조정 결과이다. 우리나라 1등 수준망은 총 36개 노선으로 구성되어 있는데, 그 중 34노선이 11개 폐합 환을 구성한다. 1등 수준측량 관측자료 중 4개 노선은 1등 수준측량 허용 왕복차를 초과하였으며, 3개 수준환은 허용 환 폐합차를 초과하였다. 수준점간 왕복차의 표준오차(${\eta}_1$)는 $0.2{\sim}1.7mm/{\surd}km$, 환 폐합차의 표준오차(${\eta}_2$)는 $2.0mm/{\surd}km$로 IGA의 고정밀 수준측량기준을 충족하였다. 1등 수준망은 1점(수준원점) 고정방식에 의한 망조정이 수행되었으며, 기준 표준오차($\hat{{\sigma}_0}$)는 $1.8mm/{\surd}km$로, 1987년 1등 수준망 조정의 기준 표준오차($\hat{{\sigma}_0}$)보다 2배 향상된 결과이다.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.3-6
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• 2007

The GPS baseline processing and the network adjustment was required a preliminary classification and check for effective work because the observation data of GPS $3^{rd}$ order control points are enormous attain to about 12,000 points. Particularly, in baseline processing and network adjustment a inaccuracy GPS antenna heights and point names yield a gross error or a S/W computation error. For the baseline processing of observation data, the related all materials were collected and were required a final check. The factor occurring a error, in GPS the baseline processing, were inspected variously after a checking observation data. Also, baseline processing method of GPS $3^{rd}$ order control points were commented and the analysis carry out a results with a experiment. The ellipsoidal distance and height of duplication baseline was compared between adjoin campaign areas for a accuracy analysis of baseline processing. According to the result, the mean is about 1cm for horizontal direction and about 2cm for vertical direction.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.677-683
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• 2015

This paper proposes a helicopter direction adjustment system using barycenter shift. Most conventional methods for direction adjustment of uniaxial helicopters rely on the angle of inclination of the main rotor. However, the inherent burden of the bearing of the main rotor and serious abrasion of the helicopter using the above methods may results in loss of balance. To decrease abrasion and enhance the barycenter stability, the proposed method was used to shift the barycenter of the helicopter instead of the main rotor for direction adjustment. We set a biaxial ARM on a uniaxial helicopter to adjust the direction of ARM pointing as well as to realize stable direction control when the helicopter loses its balance. The method may enhance the landing safety of helicopters in emergencies. Uniaxial helicopters can be controlled under any environment by adjusting the motor parameters of the ARM which is dependent on the center of mass using neural network. The experiment results show that the helicopter can return to the starting position quickly under the external disturbance.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.3551-3567
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• 2016

The Low Earth Orbit satellite network has the unique characteristics of the non-uniform and time-variant traffic load distribution, which often causes severe link congestion and thus results in poor performance for delay-sensitive flows, especially when the network is heavily loaded. To solve this problem, a novel adaptive routing algorithm, referred to as the delay-oriented adaptive routing algorithm (DOAR), is proposed. Different from current reactive schemes, DOAR employs Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV) routing algorithm, which is a proactive scheme. DSDV is extended to a multipath QoS version to generate alternative routes in active with real-time delay metric, which leads to two significant advantages. First, the flows can be timely and accurately detected for route adjustment. Second, it enables fast, flexible, and optimized QoS matching between the alternative routes and adjustment requiring flows and meanwhile avoids delay growth caused by increased hop number and diffused congestion range. In addition, a retrospective route adjustment requesting scheme is designed in DOAR to enlarge the alternative routes set in the severe congestion state in a large area. Simulation result suggests that DOAR performs better than typical adaptive routing algorithms in terms of the throughput and the delay in a variety of traffic intensity.