• 한국사회정책
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.345-375
• /
• 2018

This study examines labour market and unemployment protection policies as a configuration in 12 OECD countries in order to investigate how countries from different regime conform to or diverse from previous welfare state regime discussion, and to examine its relationship with poverty and inequality. In analyzing the combination of the unemployment insurance, the unemployment assistance, and active labour market policy, firstly, fuzzy scores of unemployment insurance was calculated by analyzing the strictness of eligibility, duration of benefit and the generosity of income replacement rate. For unemployment assistance, the ratio of public assistance expenditure to the GDP in each country and the ratio of unemployment benefit level to the average wage in each country have been considered. As for the active labour market policy, the total expenditure per GDP of this policy was converted into fuzzy points and analyzed. As a result, 5 types in 2005 and 6 types in 2010 were generated. Specifically, 'assistance type(iAp)', 'insurance type (Iap)', 'comprehensive safety net type (IAP)', 'weak safety net type(iap)' were analyzed. This paper suggested policy implication for South Korean case, which consistently had high score for weak safety net type(iap).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.411-420
• /
• 1996

Asia Triple HIn this study an attempt was made to determine the cost of producing fodders at Savar Dairy Farm (SDF). For this purpose, all seasonal fodders, such as Maize, Jowar, Cowpea and Oat and all perennial fodders, such as Para and Napier were studied. The highest acreage of land was allocated to high-land Para (33.8%) and the lowest acreage (2.7%) was devoted to Cowpea. Jowar attained the highest yield (74.2 tons) per hectare and Maize attained the lowest yield (25.8 tons/h). The highest cost per hectare was attributed to Jowar (TK. 20944.18) while the lowest cost was attributed to low-land para (TK. 10349.86). The cost of production of fodder per kilogram was the highest (TK. 0.66) for Maize and the lowest for Oat (TK. 0.24). The cost of production of low-land Para was much lower than that of high land Para. The per kilogram cost of silage production was the highest (TK. 0.71) for Maize and the lowest (TK. 0.31) was for Napier. The gross return analysis further showed that the highest net margin and B:C ratio were observed for Napier followed by Low-land Para, Jowar, Oat, Cowpea, High-land Para and Maize. Therefore, those fodders whose B:C ratios and yield/ha were higher should be allocated more area of land to stimulate increased returns to SDF in the future is suggested.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.127-132
• /
• 1996

Effects on feed intake, liveweight gain and economic benefits of supplementing lambs with urea molasses blocks, were studied. Forty eight crossbred lambs were divided into 6 groups and assigned randomly to grazing on native pasture (CONT) or along with supplements of Commercial ration (COM) and urea molasses blocks (UMBs) containing two levels of cement and calcium oxide as a binding agent. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p<0.01) differences in dry matter (DMI, g/day), crude protein (CPI, g/day) and metabolizable energy (MEI, MJ/day) intakes. Differences in liveweight gain (LWG, g/day), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and net economic benefit of supplementation were also highly variable. The intake of DM, CP and ME varied from 974 to 1002, 66-70 and 7.6-8.4 in lambs supplemented with UMBs, significantly (p<0.01) greater than 848, 52.5 and 5.6 in lambs supplemented with COM or FCR and net economic benefits (54.3; 57.8; 17.1 and 1.96; 2.4) in lambs supplemented with COM and UMB-2, were CONT or supplemented with UMB-1, UMB-3 and UMB-4 respectively. Factors responsible for differences in feed intake, liveweight gain and economic benefits, are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 2013

Economic feasibility study using weighted average variable Jeju System Marginal Price, SMP, was conducted for Gasiri wind farm of Jeju Island. To predict the variable Jeju SMP, generator share ratio for SMP was calculated from the real time wind power production and the power demand data for years. Also, sensitivity analysis on Net Present Value, NPV, and Benefit/Cost Ratio, B/C ratio, were performed to clarify which factors are more important in assessing economic feasibility. The result shows that the Gasiri wind farm has a minimum of 110 billion won and a maximum of 132 billion won difference between fixed and variable SMP. Also, Capacity Factor, C.F., had the highest sensitivity for NPV, followed by SMP. Accordingly, when economic analysis for a potential wind farm site is carried out, the variable SMP as well as C.F. should be considered for more accurate assessment of the wind farm.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.109-120
• /
• 2022

Older or damaged structures can require significant retrofit to ensure they perform well in subsequent earthquakes. Supplemental damping devices are used to achieve this goal, but increase base shear forces, foundation demand, and cost. Displacement reduction without increasing base shear is possible using novel semi-active and recently-created passive devices, which offer energy dissipation in selected quadrants of the force-displacement response. Combining these devices with large, strictly passive energy dissipation devices can offer greater, yet customized response reductions. Supplemental damping to reduce response without increasing base shear enables a net-zero base shear approach. This study evaluates this concept using two incremental dynamic analyses (IDAs) to show displacement reductions up to 40% without increasing base shear, more than would be achieved for either device alone, significantly reducing the risk of response exceeding the unaltered structural case. IDA results lead to direct calculation of reductions in risk and annualized economic cost for adding these devices using this net-zero concept, thus quantifying the trade-off. The overall device assessment and risk analysis method presented provides a generalizable proof-of-concept approach, and provides a framework for assessing the impact and economic cost-benefit of using modern supplemental energy dissipation devices.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2013.01a
• /
• pp.602-607
• /
• 2013

Financial risks associated with capital investments are often measured with different feasibility indicators such as the net present value (NPV), the internal rate of return (IRR), the payback period (PBP), and the benefit-cost ratio (BCR). This paper aims at demonstrating practical applications of probabilistic feasibility analysis techniques for an integrated feasibility evaluation of the IRR and PBP. The IRR and PBP are concurrently analyzed in order to measure the profitability and liquidity, respectively, of a cash flow. The cash flow data of a real wind turbine project is used in the study. The presented approach consists of two phases. First, two newly reported analysis techniques are used to carry out a series of what-if analyses for the IRR and PBP. Second, the relationship between the IRR and PBP is identified using Monte Carlo simulation. The results demonstrate that the integrated feasibility evaluation of stochastic cash flows becomes a more viable option with the aide of newly developed probabilistic analysis techniques. It is also shown that the relationship between the IRR and PBP for the wind turbine project can be used as a predictive model for the actual IRR at the end of the service life based on the actual PBP of the project early in the service life.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
• /
• v.2 no.2 s.4
• /
• pp.59-74
• /
• 2000

Because efficiency of the 1st-phase NGIS investment(1995-2000) has not been clearly measured, the action taken in the 2nd-phase NGIS project requires NGIS budgets to be evaluated in terms of effectiveness. Especially, the effective investments in local governments are critical for the NGIS projects, because they execute the much larger amount of budgets in total than other GIS projects. As indicated, for the successful NGIS implementation, it is important to obtain continuous political and financial supports from decision makers. As a persuasion measure for the budget appropriation, CBA(Cost-Benefit Analysis) and CEA(Cost-Efficiency Analysis) can play an important role for the decision makers. The major concern of this paper is how to measure the costs and benefits of the GIS implementation by considering important characteristics of the GIS projects in local governments, and existing theories are reviewed for this concern. The GISs in local governments can have different stages in terms of its evolution and the effectiveness of the applications can be represented variously. To identify categories for measuring costs and benefits of the various GISs, case studies and success stories are reviewed from both the foreign and domestic research. The categories of costs and benefits are determined from the tangible and intangible aspects. The categories for the quantitative and qualitative measure are proposed to evaluate the GISs in local governments. After measuring costs and benefits, three key evaluation methods in cost-benefit analysis are suggested as follows: 1) the benefit: cost ratio (B/C), 2) Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and 3) the net present values (NPV) of the costs and benefits. The sensitivity and uncertainty analysis are also helpful to make a decision for the GIS budget appropriation in local governments. In conclusion, although cost-benefit analysis is not an easy undertaking, it is certain that it can play an important role in the future for the GIS funding decisions in local governments.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.32-41
• /
• 2015

The Metropolitan Area Green Heat Project (MAGHP), which collects unused heat gathered from power plants, steel works, landfills in western Metropolitan area and distribute it to integrated energy business (IEB) companies, is proposed for the purpose of enhancing energy efficiency and providing low-price heat for IEB companies. Therefore, in order to decide on whether to initiate the MAGHP, the economic feasibility analysis of the project is widely demanded. This paper attempts to consider and measure four economic benefits: heat supply benefit, production cost reduction benefit, greenhouse gas mitigation benefit, and air quality improvement benefit. In addition, the paper tries to conduct the economic feasibility analysis. The project requires three-year investment and thirty-year operation. Three important findings emerge from the analysis. First, its net present value is computed to be 1,269 billion won and more than zero. Second, its benefit/cost ratio is calculated to be 1.72 and bigger than 1.0. Third, its internal rate of return is estimated to be 24.26% and larger than the social rate of return, 5.5%. In conclusion, the MAGHP is socially profitable and should be conducted immediately.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.133-153
• /
• 2008

Understanding of the length of time required to realize the return on the investment of informatization is important for policy makers and decision makers of information system adoption. Previous researchers, however, assessed this issue with the performance measurement approach that was primarily based on static point of view. However, the static analysis on the outcome of the informatization investment is limited in measuring the priori and ex ante effects of the informatization implementation on temporal basis. This study present a methodology to capture the outcome of the informatization investment on dynamic basis. This assessment was performed based on an e-government project in Korea, called "Industry Human Resource Project." Particularly, the study addressed how long it takes to obtain the benefit of WorkNet System, which was part of this Korean e-government project. We proposed various approaches to illustrate the importance and temporal effect of the WorkNet System by analyzing DB data, time reduction of WorkNet business processes and return of investment of IT.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.276-284
• /
• 2009

As an on-going research project, Zero Net Energy Test Home (ZNETH) project investigates effective approaches to achieve whole-house environmental and energy goals. The main research objectives are (1) to identify energy saving solutions for designs, materials, and construction methods for the ZNETH house and (2) to verify whether ZNETH house can produce more energy than the house uses by utilizing Building Information Modeling (BIM) and energy analysis tools. The initial project analysis is conducted using building information modeling (BIM) and energy analysis tools. The BIM-driven research approach incorporates architectural and construction engineering methods for improving whole-building performance while minimizing increases in overall building cost. This paper discusses about advantages/disadvantages of using BIM integrated energy analysis, related interoperability issues between BIM software and energy analysis software, and results of energy analysis for ZNETH. Although this investigation is in its early stage, several dramatic outcomes have already been observed. Utilizing BIM for energy analysis is an obvious benefit because of the ease by which the 3D model is transferred, and the speed that an energy model can be analyzed and interpreted to improve design. The research will continue to use the ZNETH project as a testing bed for the integration of sustainable design into the BIM process.