• Title/Summary/Keyword: Net

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A Model Experiment on the Basic Efficiency of Midwater Rope Trawl Net (로프 트롤 그물의 기본성능에 관한 모형실험)

  • Yae, Young-Hee;Lee, Byong-Gee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.200-213
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    • 1993
  • A model experiment on a midwater rope trawl net which is used in the North Pacific to catch alaska pollack is carried out in the circulating tank to examine the basic efficiency of the net. The prototype is the net used by M/S Hanil(1, 179GT, 2, 700PS), a Korean trawler. The model net was made according to the Tauti's Similarity Law of Fishing Gear in 1/100 scale by considering the condition of the tank. To measure the basic efficiency of the standard model net, the vertical opening and width between some points marked on the net were measured, and the hydrodynamic resistance were determined. Then the constructive conditions of the net were varied as follows and the factors were measured again to compare the efficiency of those nets with that of the standard net(A-1 type) front weight multiplied 1.5 times: A-2 type. buoyancy and depressing force multiplied 1.7 times: A-3 type. front weight multiplied 1.5 times on A-3 type: A-4 type. depressors rigged at ground rope: B type. cod-end stuffed with cashmylon wad: C type. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. The vertical opening at the center of head rope was steeply decreased with the flow velocity increasing and the vertical opening H(m) can be expressed in H=1.2v super(-1.2)(v : flow velocity in m/sec). The width of the net varied a little when the flow velocity was over 0.4m/sec, and the width of net mouth showed about 37% of the distance between the fore tips of net pendant. The shape of net mouth was almost a circle at 0.2m/sec and then steeply flatted elliptically with the flow velocity increasing and the area of mouth S(m super(2)) can be expressed in S=(1.65-2.3v)$\times$10 super(-2). The hydrodynamic resistance of the net increased almost linearly with the flow velocity increasing and the resistance R(kg) can be expressed in R=3.2$\times$d/l$\times$abv. where d/l denotes the mean of d(diameter of netting twine) and l(length of a leg in a mesh) from wing tip to the end of bag-net except cod-end on the side pannel, and a denotes the strectched circumference of the net at the fore end of a meshed part and b the stretched length of the whole net from wing tip to the end of cod-end. 2. In the condition-varied nets, the vertical opening of head rope showed some increase in every type net except the C type, and the increase showed the greatest in the B type by 30~54%, whereas it showed decrease in the C type by 5~10%. Variation of the area of net mouth showed almost the same tendency as the vertical opening and the increase showed the greatest in the B type by 20%, whereas it showed decrease in the C type by 12%. Hydrodynamic resistance showed some increase in every type compared with the standard net, and the rate of increase indicated 5~10% in the A-2, A-3 and A-4 type, 22% in the B type and 3% in the C type.

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Transfer Learning using Multiple ConvNet Layers Activation Features with Principal Component Analysis for Image Classification (전이학습 기반 다중 컨볼류션 신경망 레이어의 활성화 특징과 주성분 분석을 이용한 이미지 분류 방법)

  • Byambajav, Batkhuu;Alikhanov, Jumabek;Fang, Yang;Ko, Seunghyun;Jo, Geun Sik
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.205-225
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    • 2018
  • Convolutional Neural Network (ConvNet) is one class of the powerful Deep Neural Network that can analyze and learn hierarchies of visual features. Originally, first neural network (Neocognitron) was introduced in the 80s. At that time, the neural network was not broadly used in both industry and academic field by cause of large-scale dataset shortage and low computational power. However, after a few decades later in 2012, Krizhevsky made a breakthrough on ILSVRC-12 visual recognition competition using Convolutional Neural Network. That breakthrough revived people interest in the neural network. The success of Convolutional Neural Network is achieved with two main factors. First of them is the emergence of advanced hardware (GPUs) for sufficient parallel computation. Second is the availability of large-scale datasets such as ImageNet (ILSVRC) dataset for training. Unfortunately, many new domains are bottlenecked by these factors. For most domains, it is difficult and requires lots of effort to gather large-scale dataset to train a ConvNet. Moreover, even if we have a large-scale dataset, training ConvNet from scratch is required expensive resource and time-consuming. These two obstacles can be solved by using transfer learning. Transfer learning is a method for transferring the knowledge from a source domain to new domain. There are two major Transfer learning cases. First one is ConvNet as fixed feature extractor, and the second one is Fine-tune the ConvNet on a new dataset. In the first case, using pre-trained ConvNet (such as on ImageNet) to compute feed-forward activations of the image into the ConvNet and extract activation features from specific layers. In the second case, replacing and retraining the ConvNet classifier on the new dataset, then fine-tune the weights of the pre-trained network with the backpropagation. In this paper, we focus on using multiple ConvNet layers as a fixed feature extractor only. However, applying features with high dimensional complexity that is directly extracted from multiple ConvNet layers is still a challenging problem. We observe that features extracted from multiple ConvNet layers address the different characteristics of the image which means better representation could be obtained by finding the optimal combination of multiple ConvNet layers. Based on that observation, we propose to employ multiple ConvNet layer representations for transfer learning instead of a single ConvNet layer representation. Overall, our primary pipeline has three steps. Firstly, images from target task are given as input to ConvNet, then that image will be feed-forwarded into pre-trained AlexNet, and the activation features from three fully connected convolutional layers are extracted. Secondly, activation features of three ConvNet layers are concatenated to obtain multiple ConvNet layers representation because it will gain more information about an image. When three fully connected layer features concatenated, the occurring image representation would have 9192 (4096+4096+1000) dimension features. However, features extracted from multiple ConvNet layers are redundant and noisy since they are extracted from the same ConvNet. Thus, a third step, we will use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to select salient features before the training phase. When salient features are obtained, the classifier can classify image more accurately, and the performance of transfer learning can be improved. To evaluate proposed method, experiments are conducted in three standard datasets (Caltech-256, VOC07, and SUN397) to compare multiple ConvNet layer representations against single ConvNet layer representation by using PCA for feature selection and dimension reduction. Our experiments demonstrated the importance of feature selection for multiple ConvNet layer representation. Moreover, our proposed approach achieved 75.6% accuracy compared to 73.9% accuracy achieved by FC7 layer on the Caltech-256 dataset, 73.1% accuracy compared to 69.2% accuracy achieved by FC8 layer on the VOC07 dataset, 52.2% accuracy compared to 48.7% accuracy achieved by FC7 layer on the SUN397 dataset. We also showed that our proposed approach achieved superior performance, 2.8%, 2.1% and 3.1% accuracy improvement on Caltech-256, VOC07, and SUN397 dataset respectively compare to existing work.

Fast Network based Localized Mobility Management protocol using Media Independent Handover Services (MIH 서비스를 이용한 고속 NetLMM 프로토콜)

  • Park, Si-Hyun;Kim, Young-Han
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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    • v.43 no.11 s.353
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2006
  • In this paper we have presented a network based high-speed handover protocol using NetLMM(Network based Localized Mobility Management) WG protocol in IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force). We use IEEE 802.21 MIHS(Media Independent Handover Services) for improving handover latency and we analysis proposed Fast NetLMM protocol performance using Fluid Flow Mobility Model. Evaluation results show that the Fast NetLMM protocol performance is better than other mobility management protocols.

A Study on the Use of RosettaNet for ERP System Connection (ERP 시스템 연계를 위한 로제타넷 활용에 관한 연구)

  • 김종진;박정선
    • The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.107-116
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    • 2003
  • XML/EDI provides a way to connect legacy systems(ERPs) : When a XML/EDI system sends a message, the message contents come from the legacy system. Likewise, when a ERP receiving a message, important parts are stored in the legacy system. RosettaNet has become a strong tool to connect ERPs as RosettaNet has become a promising standard for XML/EDI. In this paper, a prototype using PIP 3A4(Order Management) of the RosettaNet is implemented to show how the standard could be used for the connection of ERPs.

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An Algorithm for Determining Firing Sequence of Safe Petri Net Using its Matrix Equation (Safe Petri Net의 상태천이행렬식에 의한 비연속시스템의 점화순서 결정 알고리즘)

  • 황창선;이재만
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.299-307
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    • 1991
  • This paper deals with the determination of a firing sequence of transitions in the reachability problem of Safe Petri Net. The determination problem of a firing sequence is very important from the point of practical view, especially in the control of the discrete systems modelled by Safe Petri Net. The determination method of a firing sequence of transitions by means of the matrix equation for the discrete systems modelled by Safe Petri Net is proposed. First, a construction method of the indicence matrix and the firing rule for Safe Petri Net with self-loop are presented by defining the permissive arc in place of self-loop. Next, we develop a method that can find the enable transitions of Safe Petri Net by means of the matrix equation of Safe Petri Net. Finally, by using this method, we propose an algorithm that determines the firing sequence of transitions of Safe Petri Net.

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A Study on the Development of Planting Methods for Phragmites spp. (갈대속(Phragmites spp.)식물의 식생공법 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 정대영;심상렬
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.51-57
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    • 1999
  • Planting methods of seeding, seed net, sprig net and sprigging were evaluated for influence on the covering rate and the growth of Phragmites spp. The results were as follows. 1. Covering rate was high within 4 months when propagated by sprig net, seeding and sprigging but became same within 5 months afterwards regardless of Planting methods. 2. Growth of leaf height and width was high on vegetative types of Planting methods such as sprig net and sprigging when compared with on seed types of Planting methods such as seeding and seed net. 3. Sprig net showed good covering rate and growth than sprigging when compared within vegetative types of planting. 4. In this study, sprig net was figured out as the best type of Planting methods than any other types of Planting methods for the restoration of a shore vegetation in a urban stream.

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Development of Plot Design Tool for Life Log Story Generation Using Petri Net (Petri Net을 이용한 모바일 라이프 스토리 생성을 위한 플롯 디자인 도구의 개발)

  • Lee, Young-Seol;Cho, Sung-Bae
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2007.10c
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    • pp.272-275
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    • 2007
  • 사람들은 자신의 삶을 기록하고자 하는 욕구를 충족시키기 위하여 일기를 쓰거나 사진을 찍어 기록을 남긴다. 이전의 연구에서는 사람의 삶을 기록하는 방법으로서 Petri Net과 사용자 컨텍스트를 이용하여 모바일 라이프 로그로부터 사용자의 일상생활을 반영하는 스토리를 생성하고자 시도하였다. 이전 연구에서 Petri Net을 이용하여 플롯을 생성하는 과정을 기존의 Petri Net 툴로 진행하였기 때문에 일반적인 Petri Net과 플롯사이에 존재하는 차이점을 반영하기 어려웠으며 플롯 제작에 있어서 일반적인 Petri Net 툴로 디자인 한 후에 스토리 엔진을 위한 포맷으로 변형하여야 했기 때문에 디자인과 변환에 많은 시간이 소요되었다. 본 논문에서는 Petri Net을 이용하여 플롯을 구성하기 위하여 스토리 생성에 필요한 개념을 추가적으로 정의하고 추가된 개념들을 잘 나타내기 위한 도구를 작성하여 Petri Net으로 스토리를 디자인하기 위한 보다 편리한 방법을 제안한다. 또한 제안하는 방법의 유용성을 평가한다.

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Simulation of fish reaction against cage net with an individual fish behaviour model (개체기반 어군행동모델을 이용한 가두리망 내의 양식 어류의 유영행동 시뮬레이션)

  • Hwang, Bo-Kyu;Shin, Hyeon-Ok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.419-427
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    • 2011
  • Simulation technique for the fish behavior was applied to estimate fish school movement in the cage net. Individual-based fish behavior model (Huth and Wessel, 1991) was evaluated in a free area to understand the characteristics for the model, and the movement in the cage net was simulated by defining the fish reaction against the displacement of cage net. As a result, the distance to the net was not considerably changed and the space among fishes in cage net was slightly decreased by reducing the net space. Swimming area was, however, significantly affected by changing the net space and the relationship between swimming area and net displacement was theoretically estimated as y=-0.21x+1.02 ($R^2$=0.96). these results leads the conclusion that individual-based model was appropriated to describe the fish school reaction in the cage net and be able to use for evaluating the influence on cultured fish.

A New Analytical Algorithm of Timed Net with Probabilities of Choices and Its Application (이벤트의 선택 확률을 고려한 시간 넷의 분석 알고리즘 및 응용)

  • Yim Jae-Geol;Joo Jae-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.99-115
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    • 2005
  • For an analysis of the performance of a computer system, the minimum cycle time method has been widely used. The minimum cycle time method is a mathematical technique with which we can find the minimum duration time needed to fire all the transitions at least once and coming back to the Initial marking in a timed net. A timed net is a modified version of a Petri net where a transition is associated with a delay time. In the real world, an event is associated with a probability of occurrence. However, a timed net is not equipped with any facility of specifying probability of event occurrence. Therefore, the minimum cycle time method applied on a timed net can easily overlook probabilities of occurrences of events and yield a wrong result. We are proposing 'Timed Net with Probabilities of Choices' where a transition can be associated with both delay time and a probability of occurrence. We also introduce an algorithm for minimum cycle time analysis on a 'Timed Net with Probabilities of Choices'. As an example of application, we are performing an analysis of the location based service system using 'Timed Net with Probabilities of Choices'.

Altered expression of norepinephrine transporter and norepinephrine in human placenta cause pre-eclampsia through regulated trophoblast invasion

  • Na, Kyu-Hwan;Choi, Jong Ho;Kim, Chun-Hyung;Kim, Kwang-Soo;Kim, Gi Jin
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.12-22
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    • 2013
  • Objective: We investigated the norepinephrine transporter (NET) expression in normal and pre-eclamptic placentas and analyzed the invasion activity of trophoblastic cells based on norepinephrine (NE)-NET regulation. Methods: NET and NE expression levels were examined by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Trophoblast invasion activity, depending on NE-NET regulation, was determined by NET-small interfering RNA (siRNA) and NET transfection into the human extravillous trophoblast cells with or without NE treatment and invasion rates were analyzed by zymography and an invasion assay. Results: NET mRNA was expressed at a low level in pre-eclamptic placentas compared with normal placentas and NE concentration in maternal plasma increased significantly in pre-eclamptic women compared to normal pregnant women (p<0.05). NET gene upregulation and NE treatment stimulated trophoblast cell invasion up to 2.5-fold (p<0.05) by stimulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity via the phosphoinositol-3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway, whereas NET-siRNA with NE treatment reduced invasion rates. Conclusion: NET expression is reduced by inadequate regulation of NE levels during placental development. This suggests that a complementary balance between NET and NE regulates trophoblast cell invasion activities during placental development.