• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2008

This paper propose the issue of connecting nested NEMO (Network Nobility) networks to global IPv6 networks, while supporting IPv6 mobility. Specifically, we consider a self-addressing including topology information IPv6-enabled NEMO infrastructure. The proposed self-organization addressing protocol automatically organized mobile routers into free architecture and configuration their global IPv6 addresses. BU(binding update) to MR own HA and internal rouging, hosed on longest prefix matching and soft state routing cache, are specially designed for IPv6-based NEMO. In conclusion, numeric analysis ore conducted to show more efficiency of the proposed routing protocols than other RO (Route Optimization) approaches.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.8 s.350
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• pp.15-24
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• 2006

We design and implement explicit mobile multicast, named XMIP, by enhancing explicit multicast for a great number of small group multicast communications. XMIP is a straightforward multicast mechanism without maintaining multicast states due to the inheritance from the explicit multicast based on a unicast routing. This research modifies and extends the functionality of each mobility agent of IETF Mobile IP for interworking XMIP XMIP Packets captured by an extended home agent are forwarded to each extended foreign agent through nested tunnels, named X-in-X tunnels, made by the binding table of the extended home agent. X-in-X tunneling mechanism can effectively solve the serious traffic concentration problems of Mobile IP multicast specifications. Finally heterogeneous mobile networks as an XMIP testbed including CDMA2000 1X EV-DO and WLAN are actually established, and a multi-user instant messenger system for small group communications is developed for verifying the feasibility of the proposed protocols.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.111-119
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• 2010

With the rapid progress of wireless technologies today, mobile terminals with multiple access interfaces are emerging. In recent years, WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks) has become the premier choice for many homes and enterprises. WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) has also emerged as the wireless standard that aims to deliver data over long distances. Therefore, it is important to explore efficient integration methods for delivering multimedia data between heterogeneous wireless networks. In this paper, we developed the simulation models and environments for the mobile multihomed node that has both WiMAX and WLAN interfaces and can move around in both networks by using mobile IP. In order to verify the developed models, we designed and constructed several simulation scenarios, e.g. movement in WiMAX/WLAN, group mobility, MANET, and nested MIP under the various traffic environments such as oneway or bothway UDP packets, FTP traffic, and voice with SIP protocol. The simulation results show that the developed models are useful for mobility studies in various integrated wireless networks.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.91-103
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• 2012

Network mobility (NEMO) based on mobile IP version 6 has been proposed for networks that move as a whole. Route optimization is one of the most important topics in the field of NEMO. The current NEMO basic support protocol defines only the basic working mode for NEMO, and the route optimization problem is not mentioned. Some optimization schemes have been proposed in recent years, but they have limitations. A new NEMO route optimization scheme-involving a combination of the optimized route cache protocol (ORC) and reverse routing header (RRH) and the use of a quota mechanism for optimized sessions (OwR)-is proposed. This scheme focuses on balanced performance in different aspects. It combines the ORC and RRH schemes, and some improvements are made in the session selection mechanism to avoid blindness during route optimization. Simulation results for OwR show great similarity with those for ORC and RRH. Generally speaking, the OwR's performance is at least as good as that of the RRH, and besides, the OwR scheme is capable of setting up optimal routing for a certain number of sessions, so the performance can be improved and the cost of optimal routing in nested NEMO can be decreased.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.10
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• pp.83-98
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• 2007

The handover between different radio access networks, especially where their coverage overlaps, suffers various complications since the different access networks provide different service characteristics. One way to reduce service interruptions and QoS (i.e., bandwidth, throughput, delay) degradations during the inter-technology handover is to reserve the required resource in advance. The resource reservation algorithm should minimize the handover latency and maximize the resource utilization based on the accurate estimation on mobile's location, velocity, movement pattern and service requirements. In this paper, we propose a resource reservation algorithm based on the mobile terminal velocity and the cell selection probability, which maximizes resource utilization ana reduces network overhead. We compare the proposed algorithm with PMS(Predictive Mobility Support) and VCDS(Velocity and Call Duration Support scheme) based on 3-layer network model under various scenarios.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.1966-1975
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• 2008

NEMO Basic Support Protocol standardized in IETF provides the seamless communication environment to all nodes within the mobile network regardless of the network movement while the network is moving. According to the standard, when the mobile network moves outside of its home network the network can make use of the binding update message or dynamic routing protocol in order to register the mobility information into the Home Agent(HA). But because these two methods don't consider the route optimization, all packets destined to Mobile Network Nodes(MNNs) attached into the Mobile Router(MR) have to go through HAs of MRs so that they bring on the transmission delay and the waste of the bandwidth. This situation is to be worse and causes the packet fragmentation problem if MRs within the mobile network are nested. Even though there have been some researches about the route optimization to recover the problems, they have problems in the packet transmission performance side. In this paper, we propose a new scheme to improve the network performance by using a dynamic routing protocol and minimizing the number of HAs on the end-to-end path. Various performance evaluations show that the proposed mechanism gives better performance in view of the packet transmission compared to the existing schemes.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.2861-2880
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• 2018

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) have become a viable platform owing to their potential of providing communication without any pre-existing infrastructure and central administrating authority. Mutual support and co-operation among nodes are prerequisites for performing functions in such networks. The scarcity of resources makes it economical for nodes to conserve their resources and misbehave by avoiding participation in the network. Therefore, a mechanism is required to detect and handle such misbehaving nodes and promote co-operation in the network. Existing techniques for handling misbehaving nodes focus only on their current behaviour without considering the antecedent behaviour of nodes. In real world, a node may dynamically change its behaviour in accordance to its requirements. Hence, an efficient mechanism is required for providing security against such misbehaviour. This paper proposes an Adaptive Security Model which contemplates the present as well as anterior behaviour of nodes for providing security against dynamic node behaviour. The adaptivity of the model is nested in its ability to requite well-behaving nodes and penalize misbehaving ones in conformity with their overall behaviour. Simulation results indicate the efficiency of proposed scheme in securing the network from the menace of dynamic behaviour of nodes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.2B
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• pp.143-150
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a novel shadow clustering mechanism including a mobility estimation algorithm based on Gauss-Markov mobility model which analyses patterns of moving direction and speed of a mobile terminal respectively and a selection algorithm of the most suitable network for the requirements of mobile terminals. The proposed mechanism makes much less shadow cluster area than that of the legacy methods, and reduces unnecessary resource reservation. It is compared the proposed algorithm with traditional methods under various scenarios.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.201-210
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• 2012

Now, there are many mobile nodes are efficient and stable when they move to operate with variety techniques have emerged.Recently, there is a growing interest about PMIPv6(Proxy Mobile IPv6) and, in this proposal of essay is the based on the way to mobility support system will stand on the basis from PMIPv6 network to NEMO(Network Mobility). PMIPv6 is mobility support system from single domain, it actual network is composed with nested in a multiple domain structural system. The proposed technique in the domain of two or more, the LMA(Local Mobility Anchor) communication between LMA(Local Mobility Anchor) and MAG(Mobile Access Gateway) of movable domain can increase performance by handover delay and signaling.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.219-236
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a novel Proxy Mobile IPv6 network bandwidth-efficient handoff scheme. MN are classified into slow and fast one. At first MN should be registered in the microcell for bandwidth efficient handoff scheme. microcell is overlapped to handle the overflow session request which is nested. Overflow session request in macrocell requests to go back from the boundary of the microcell to new microcell. If idle session traffic is in a cell, it is requested by the target microcell. Analysis model was developed, an existing session of the session blocking probability and forcing termination probability of the session request have improved considerably. If the total traffic load of the system is not very large, the proposed scheme has the best bandwidth efficiency and provides better quality of service (QoS) to MN without costs of a lot of processing on the system.