• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.28-38
• /
• 2006

Background : Phentermine classified by "sympathomimmetic amie", is a stimulant of sympatheic tone But there has been no concrete study which presents the influence of phentermine on autonomic nervous system. Analysis of Heart rate variability is reliable, non-invasive and very useful for evaluating function of autonomic nervous system. We tried to elucidate the influence of phentermine on autonomic nervovs system by heart rate variability. MethodsAmong the 70 candidates who participated in the double-blind case control study whichwas designed in purpose of approving whether- Adipekⓓ is effective for treatment of obesity, 45persons were folled up. From April, 2005 to May 2005, HRV of the candidates who takes phentermine or placebo for 1month, was recorded using BFM-5000ⓓ(medi-core) for 5 minutes in resting state. HRV measures were assessed by time-domain and by frequency- domain analysis. Time domain parameters contain SDNN(Standard Deviation of NN intervals) and RMSSD(Root-Mean-Square of Successive Differences), etc and frequency domain Parameters contain Total Power(TP), Low frequency(LF'0.04-0.15Hz) power. High Frequency(HF:0.15-0.4Hz) power and LF/HF ratio etc. Results: Intakes of phentermine reduce HRV significant1y. SDNN & RMSSD, the main tine domain parameters of HRV, were decreased significantly(P=0.007. 0.016). PSI(Physical Stress Index of Pressure Index) was increase significantly(P=0.002)The main frequency domain parameters(TP, LF & VLF), also decreased significantly. (P=0.024,0.033, 0.015)Conclusion: The result showed that intakes of phentermine reduce heart rate variability and influence on most parameters of HRV. So phentermine not only accelerates sympathetic tone, but also inhibit the balance and function of autonomic nervous system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.2099-2104
• /
• 2010

In this paper, HRV signal which was appeared RR intervals from ECG was analyzed using return-map during anesthesia. We intended to estimate the depth of anesthesia observing the change of autonomic nervous activity(ANS) because HRV showed change of cardio-vascular system of the body according to state of ANS. Return-map analysis is to reconstruct time series of HRV to phase space after calculating delay time and embedded time. After approximating the signal distribution which was reconstructed in phase space in elliptic, we calculated the lengths of major and minor axises of the elliptic and the values was used to estimate the depth of anesthesia. Stages of the anesthesia were 7 levels to evaluate the depth of anesthesia. At induction stage of strong external stimulation, the length of major and minor axis were statistically high and at the operation stage of non-external stimulation, the values were statistically low. Conclusively, the stages of anesthesia were discriminated by HRV signal mapped in the phase space during operation.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.369-375
• /
• 1997

General pharmacological effects of SB-31$^{R}$, the extracts of Pulsatilla koreana, were investigated in mice, rats and guinea-pigs. Intravenous injection of SB-31 (3 and 6 ml/kg) produced almost no effect on central nervous system no effects on the general symptom and behaviors of mice, spontaneous locomotor activity, pentobarbital- induced sleeping time , rotared performance , electroshock and pentylenetertrazole -induced seizures, acetic acid-induced writhing and normal body temperature in mice. SB-31 showed little effects on the spontaneous movement of the isolated ileum and contraction induced by agonists in isolated ileum, suggesting no influence on autonomic nervous system. Administration of SB-31 also did not show any effect on blood pressure in conscious rats. However, a slight decrease in heart rate was observed at high doses (6 and 10 ml/kg) of SB-31 in conscious rats. Similarly, a slight increase in respiratory rate was observed at 6 m1/kg of SB-31 in anesthetized rats. SB-31 did not produce any effect at the dose of 3 ml/kg, but showed a tendency to increase the urinary volume at 6 ml/kg, and produced a decrease in urinary excretions of N $a_{+}$and $K_{+}$at 6 ml/kg. However, transport capacity within the gastrointestinal tract and the secretion of the gastric juice were not influenced by 6 ml/kg of SB-31. In conclusion, these results suggest that SB-31 did not pro-duce any acute effects on the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system, respiratory and circulatory systems, digestive system and kidney function at the dose of below 3 ml/kg.ml/kg.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.623-628
• /
• 2004

This paper describes autonomic nervous system activities caused by hyperthermia of far-infrared ray on human body. Designed protocol and analysis algorithm were evaluated by experiments on 20 subjects to analyze the characteristic of heart rate variability(HRV) signals which could be analyzed by FFT power spectrum and time-frequency analysis. Using Poincare' plot analysis, LF and HF were compared with SD1 and SD2. During the experiment, subject was exposed to hyperthermic effects of far-infrared radiation. We could confirm that far-infrared ray, which was known to improve the blood circulation, stress state and enhancing thermal effect into human body, had an effect on human nervous system. As the hyperthermic temperature of far-infrared ray increased, the activity of cardiovascular system to sustain the homeostasis was observed by means of investigating the increase of the sympathetic activity.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.81-103
• /
• 2005

The Neuron structure in a nervous system consists of inhibitory neurons and excitory neurons. Both neurons are activated by agonistic neurons and inactivated by antagonist neurons. In this paper, we proposed a physiological fuzzy neural network by analyzing the physiological neuron structure in the nervous system. The proposed structure selectively activates the neurons which go through a state of excitement caused by agonistic neurons and also transmit the signal of these neurons to the output layers. The proposed physiological fuzzy neural networks based on the nervous system consists of a input player, and the hidden layer which classifies features of learning data, and output layer. The proposed fuzzy neural network is applied to recognize bronchial squamous cell carcinoma images and car plate images. The result of the experiments shows that the learning time, the convergence, and the recognition rate of the proposed physiological fuzzy neural networks outperform the conventional neural networks.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2023

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is known to be effective in improving symptoms of numerous diseases such as depression and epilepsy by increasing vagus nerve activity through electrical stimulation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of vagus nerve stimulation on the activity of autonomic nervous system and the changes in postprandial blood glucose levels. Seven healthy adults participated in a non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation experiment. taVNS (25 Hz, 200 ㎲, biphasic pulse) was applied to the cymba concha (taVNS group) or the earlobe (Sham-taVNS group) of the left ear. As autonomic nervous system signals, skin conductance level, skin temperature, and heart rate were recorded during the application of taVNS. Postprandial blood glucose changes due to food intake were recorded at 5 min intervals for 25 minutes after taVNS or sham-taVNS. The taVNS showed a significantly lower skin conductance level than the shamtaVNS (p < 0.05). The increase rate of postprandial blood glucose was significantly lower in the taVNS than in the sham-taVNS (p < 0.05). These results showed that taVNS reduced the activity of the sympathetic nerve system and alleviated early rise in postprandial blood glucose. Although further studies in diabetic patients are needed, this study suggest that taVNS has a potential for clinical use to improve postprandial blood glucose.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.531-538
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to identify the effects of Qi hand reflexology on autonomic nerve activity in patients admitted to hospital. Method: A non-equivalent control group and quasi-experimental research with pre/post test design were used and 59 patients on a medical ward were assigned to either the experimental group (32) or the control group (27). The study variables included vital signs, autonomic nerve activities (ALF (absolute low frequency), AHF (absolute high frequency), nLF (normalized low frequency), nHF (normalized high frequency), SDNN (standard deviation of all normal-normal intervals)) and were evaluated using the QECG-3 system. The experimental group was treated with Qi hand reflexology for 10 minutes per day, for 3days. Results: Skin temperature and systolic blood pressure in the experimental decreased with treatment. ALF, AHF and SDNN for the experimental group increased with regulating proportion (nLF: nHF=6:4) and a significant difference between the groups was observed. Conclusion: The results indicated that application of Qi hand reflexology for patients in the hospital is effective in regulating the autonomic nervous system activation. Implication of finding should be useful for future research.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.31-35
• /
• 2013

Acute organophosphate intoxication is important because of its high morbidity and mortality. The mortality is still high despite the use of atropine as specific antidotal therapy and oximes for reactivation of acetylcholinesterase. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphate can cause acute parasympathetic system dysfunction, muscle weakness, seizure, coma, and respiratory failure. Acute alteration in conscious state or a coma, which may occur following organophosphate intoxication, is an indication of severe intoxication and poorer prognosis. This acute decline in conscious state often reverses when the cholinergic crisis settles; however, it may be prolonged in some patients. We report on a case of a 60-year-old male who showed prolonged decline in conscious state due to of Central Nervous System (CNS) toxicity after a suicide attempt with organophosphate.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 1997

In this paper, the power spectral analysis of heart rate variability(HRV) was performed to evaluate effects of orthostatic stress with head-up tiIt on autonomic nervous system(ANS) for 25 healthy male subjects(age : 24 $\pm$ 5 yr.) and a new method was proposed to assess the autonomic balance. The ECG and respiration signals were recorded at tiIt angles of $0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$and $0^{\circ}$ successively for 10 minutes per each stage under the condition of frequency controlled respiration(0.25Hz). Heat rate(HR) gradually increased ils the angle increased Similarly, according to the increment of angle, normalized low frequency component(0.05-0.15Hz) gradually increased, whereas normalized high frequency component (0.20-0.30Hz) was reduce4 From these results it is speculated that orthostatic stress head-up tiLt, results in the prevalence of sympathetic tone in autonomic balance with the increment of sympathetic tone and the decrement of parasympathetic tone, which seems to meanthat autonomic nervous system plays a major role in compensating for disturbances of cardiovascular system due to it.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2002

Psychological and physiological effects of the simulator sickness could be important bias factors for the sensibility evaluation. The purpose of the present study was to clear the differences of psychophysiological responses due to individual sensitivity of simulator sickness. The present experiment tried to investigate the simulator sickness objectively by observing the change of the simulator sickness for the different level of sickness groups (sick and non_sick group). The subjective evaluations using Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) and physiological responses were measured every five minutes when they were driving as 60km/h in the driving graphic simulator. Response level of the subjective evaluation for all subjects on the simulator sickness was linearly increased with time for every item, and the response level of sick group was bigger than that of non_sick group. When the analysis on central nervous system was done separately on the sick and the non_sick group, there was significant difference in the parameter $\theta$/total at Fz and Cz. Although the analysis on autonomic nervous system for all subjects showed the increased activation of sympathetic nervous system, there was no significant difference between the sick and non_sick group. In summary, it is necessary to select the subjects who feel less simulator sickness in order to be accurate sensibility evaluation. The parameters to distinguish between the sick and non_sick group were the change on $\theta$/total and subjective evaluation using SSQ.