• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.386-389
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• 2001

An endobronchial metastasis is defined as a subsegmental or a more proximal central bronchial metastasis of a nonpulmonary neoplasm in the bronchoscopically visible range. However, the frequencies of endobronchial metastasis range from 2 to 50% of pulmonary metastases from extrathoracic neoplasms by a different definition of an endobronchial metastasis. Primary neoplasms of an endobronchial metastasis including breast cancer, colon cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer are relatively common. However, an endobronchial metastasis arising from thyroid cancer, parotid gland tumor, bone tumor, bladder cancer, and stomach cancer has only rarely been reported in the literature. Here we report a case of an endobrochial metastases from a hepatocellular carcinoma.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.375-393
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• 2021

Percutaneous osteoplasty (POP) is defined as the injection of bone cement into various painful bony lesions, refractory to conventional therapy, as an extended technique of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). POP can be applied to benign osteochondral lesions and malignant metastatic lesions throughout the whole skeleton, whereas PVP is restricted to the vertebral body. Common spinal metastases occur in the thoracic (70%), lumbosacral (20%), and cervical (10%) vertebrae, in order of frequency. Extraspinal metastases into the ribs, scapulae, sternum, and humeral head commonly originate from lung and breast cancers; extraspinal metastases into the pelvis and femoral head come from prostate, urinary bladder, colon, and uterine cervical cancers. Pain is aggravated in the dependent (or weight bearing) position, or during movement (or respiration). The tenderness and imaging diagnosis should match. The supposed mechanism of pain relief in POP is the augmentation of damaged bones, thermal and chemical ablation of the nociceptive nerves, and local inhibition of tumor invasion. Adjacent (facet) joint injections may be needed prior to POP (PVP). The length and thickness of the applied needle should be chosen according to the targeted bone. Bone cement is also selected by its osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and osteogenesis. Needle route should be chosen as a shortcut to reach the target bony lesions, without damage to the nerves and vessels. POP is a promising minimally invasive procedure for immediate pain relief. This review provides a technical survey for POPs in painful bony lesions.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2022

Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC), a biphasic malignant tumor consisting of atypical squamous epithelial and mesenchymal elements mixed with epithelioid and spindle cells, is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Cutaneous SSCC is very rare and aggressive and has a poor prognosis. Here, we report a case of cutaneous SSCC with satellites and in-transit metastases. A 79-year-old woman presented with a protruding mass on the left temporal area sized 1.2×1.0 cm. The punch biopsy report indicated keratoacanthoma or well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The size of the tumor increased to 2.7×2.0 cm after 8 days. An excisional biopsy was performed with a 2 mm safety margin. The tumor was identified as SSCC with a clear resection margin. Reoperation was performed thrice with an increased safety margin of 10 mm; however, the cancer recurred along with satellites and in-transit metastases. Chemoradiotherapy was administered; however, the size of the tumor increased along with satellites and in-transit metastases. The patient expired 162 days after the initial excision. Complete excision and immediate multidisciplinary approach should be combined during the early stages due to the aggressiveness and poor prognosis of cutaneous SSCC with satellites and in-transit metastasis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제77권6호
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• pp.258-261
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• 2014

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement, is a kind of driver mutation, accounts for 3%-5% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC patients harboring ALK fusion genes have distinct clinical features and good response to ALK inhibitors. Metastasis from lung cancer to the ovary has rarely been known. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman with bilateral ovarian metastases from ALK rearranged NSCLC. She underwent bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for ovary masses, which were progressed after cytotoxic chemotherapy although primary lung mass was decreased. Histopathological examination of the ovary tumor showed characteristic adenocarcinoma patterns of the lung and ALK rearrangement.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.103-105
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• 2014

Intracranial haemorrhages are rare but potentially life-threatening complications of spine surgery. Most reported cases involved subdural or cerebellar haemorrhages; supratentorial parenchymal bleeding is very uncommon. We report a 28-year-old woman who underwent resection of a thoracic Ewing's sarcoma, and developed fatal haemorrhages around her cerebral metastases during surgery. The clinical presentations, possible pathogenesis and potential preventive measures are discussed. Patients with disseminated metastases within the neural axis are at risks of intracranial complications during spine surgery. The presence of intracranial mass lesions should be considered as a relative contraindication to intradural spine surgery.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is found in about 20% of breast cancer patients. With treatment using trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, systemic control is improved. Nonetheless, the incidence of brain metastasis does not be improved, rather seems to be increased in HER2-positive breast cancer. The mainstay treatment for brain metastases is radiotherapy. According to the number of metastatic lesions and performance status of patients, radiosurgery or whole brain radiotherapy can be performed. The concurrent use of a radiosensitizer further improves intracranial control. Due to its large molecular weight, trastuzumab has a limited ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. However, small tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as lapatinib, has been noted to be a promising agent that can be used as a radiosensitizer to affect HER2-positive breast cancer. This review will outline general management of brain metastases and will focus on preclinical findings regarding the radiosensitizing effect of small molecule HER2 targeting agents.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.217-220
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• 2010

소위 다형선종이라 불리는 혼합종은 주로 침샘에 기원하며 폐에서 발생한 예는 세계적으로 보고된 예가 극히 드물다. 이 신생물은 저악성도를 나타내기도 하나 재발이나 원격전이와 같은 공격적인 성향을 보이는 경우도 있다. 우리는 종양의 완전 절제후 병리학적으로 폐의 일차성 악성 다형선종임을 확인하였고 술 후 다발성 전이와 같은 악성 신생물의 소견을 보이는 증례를 경험하여 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2007

이하선에 생기는 전이성 다형태 선종은 매우 드문 질환으로서 조직학적으로는 양성이나 임상적으로는 전이를 일으키는 논쟁의 여지가 많은 병변이다. 저자들은 이하선의 다형성 선종으로 절제술을 경험한 57세 남자에게서, 4년 후에 흉막과 우측 폐, 종격동, 심낭, 늑간근의 다발성 전이를 진단하여 전이암 절제술을 경험하였기에 보고하고자 한다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2014

암의 다발성 뼈 전이는 폐암, 유방암, 전립선암, 신장암 등 다양한 암에서 흔히 관찰된다. 뼈 전이는 뼈에 발생한 이차적인 암으로 통증, 골절, 그리고 체중을 지지하는 뼈의 불안정성을 유발할 수 있어 신체활동과 삶의 질을 저하시킨다. 뼈 전이 치료 시 병리조직소견, 환자의 전신 상태, 침범 부위, 그리고 환자의 신경학적 소견등 다양한 요인을 고려하여 진통제, 수술, 항암화학요법 그리고 방사선 치료 등을 시행하게 된다. 외부 방사선 치료는 전통적으로 국소 뼈 전이로 인한 통증의 치료에 이용되어왔지만 특히 유방암이나 전립선암의 다발성 골형성 뼈 전이의 경우 $^{89}Sr$, $^{186}Re$, $^{188}Re$, $^{153}Sm$ and $^{117m}Sn$ 등의 방사성동위원소를 이용한 치료가 시행되고 있는데, 약제 투여의 간편함, 낮은 부작용, 방사능 피폭위험에서의 안전성, 높은 치료 반응 등 다양한 장점을 가진 치료로 임상에서의 유용성이 점차 증가되고 있다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2020

Breast metastases of extramammary malignant neoplasms are rare, with an incidence of 0.3%-2.7% among all malignant mammary tumors. Breast metastases from gastric carcinoma are very rare (<0.1%), and this event is even rarer during pregnancy. Herein, we describe a 39-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of an Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) that was characterized by prominent tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Three years after undergoing radical surgery, the patient developed bilateral breast nodules during her pregnancy. A breast biopsy was performed, and histology confirmed a diagnosis of EBVaGC; tumor cells showed positivity for cytokeratin 8/18 and E-cadherin, and negativity for cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 20, cytokeratin 5/6, caudal type homebox 2, androgen receptor, mammaglobin, gross cystic disease fluid protein-15, and estrogen and progesterone receptors. We also discuss the main diagnostic pitfalls. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an EBVaGC with lymphoid stroma that developed breast metastases during pregnancy.