• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.405-415
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of frailty with perceived neighborhood walkability and environmental pollution among community-dwelling older adults in rural areas. Methods: The participants were 808 community-dwelling men and women aged 65 years and older in 2 rural towns. Comprehensive information, including demographics, socioeconomic status, grip strength, polypharmacy, perceived neighborhood environment (specifically, walkability and environmental pollution), and frailty, was collected from participants using face-to-face interviews conducted between June and August 2018. Perceived neighborhood walkability was measured using 20 items that were selected and revised from the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale, the Neighborhood Walkability Checklist from the National Heart Foundation of Australia, and the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Survey. The Kaigo-Yobo Checklist was used to assess participants' frailty. Results: The overall prevalence of frailty in this community-dwelling population was 35.5%. Sex, age, cohabitation status, educational attainment, employment status, grip strength, and polypharmacy were significantly associated with frailty. In the logistic regression analysis, frailty was associated with low perceived neighborhood walkability (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.881; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.833 to 0.932; p<0.001) and severe perceived neighborhood environmental pollution (aOR, 1.052; 95% CI, 1.017 to 1.087; p=0.003) after adjusting for sex, age, cohabitation status, educational attainment, employment status, monthly income, grip strength, and polypharmacy. Conclusions: More studies are warranted to establish causal relationships between walkability and environmental pollution and frailty.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2003

Objectives : To assess the distribution of social support, and explore its effects on self-rated health status in a low income neighborhood of Seoul, Korea. Methods : In September 2001 we conducted a survey in a low income neighborhood of Seoul, Korea, in which 862 residents, aged 18 years or over, participated. We measured the general sociodemographic characteristics, self-rated health status and social support with the instrument developed from Korean translation of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support survey (MOS-SSS) scale of the US. Logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of social support, and explore its effects on self-rated health status. Results : Lower social class, women or divorced people had much less social support compared to higher social class, men or those never married, respectively. Those families on much lower income also received less social support. Social support has a positive impact on the self-rated health status, which remains statistically significant even when other relevant variables are adjusted. Conclusions : This study suggests that social support has an important role in health, and the socially disadvantaged have lower social support. Therefore, to improve the health status of the poor, it is necessary to encourage community participation, and develop strategies that could strengthen their provision of social support.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine elderly using behavior and propinquity of neighborhood facilities and to analyze the relationship of propinquity and using behavior of each neighborhood facility. The results of the study indicated that the elderly are using more frequently and living more close to leisure facility such as sports/health facility, hobby/education facility, and entertainment facility. Age and health status of the elderly were the important factors on the use and propinquity of neighborhood facilities. On the other hand, the elderly having higher education and economic status were more likely to use and live close to leisure facilities. For the elderly, the need of physical propinquity to neighborhood facilities and providing information about the facility location were required. For the mid-aged people, the education about leisure culture of the later-hood years were suggested since the use of neighborhood facility is depending on one's habit.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.217-229
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• 2014

본 연구는 건강을 설명하는 지역 박탈 지표를 선별하고 이러한 지표들이 근린사회의 인구구성효과와 구분되는 독립적인 맥락효과를 지니는지 검증해 보았다. 이를 위하여 서울시를 대상으로 행정동 단위의 표준화사망비를 산출하여 소지역 건강불평등 실태를 분석하였고, 표준화사망비 격차를 설명하는 지역박탈 지표들을 선정하였다. 그리고 다수 준 모형을 통해 개인의 사회경제적 지위를 통제한 후 지역박탈 효과를 검증하였다. 분석 결과는 건강불평등의 지역 격차가 대부분 사회경제적 지위 요인을 반영할 뿐이며, 거주지 지역사회의 독립된 맥락효과는 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 분석에서 행정동별 표준화사망비 분포가 취약근린지수의 분포와 유사하고 더 나아가 공시지가, 하위교육수준, 복지수급자 비율, 여성가구주 가구의 개별 지표 분포와 유사한 패턴을 보이고 있는 것으로 나타나 전반적으로 인구집단의 취약성을 반영하는 것으로 보인다. 반면 빈곤 지역이 내생적으로 형성하는 건강문화나 보건의료접근성 등의 가능한 매개 요인들의 가능성은 인구 구성에 따른 빈곤과 결핍보다 상대적으로 저조할 것으로 보인다. 즉 건강의 지역별 격차는 다름 아닌 계층간 격차로 해석될 수 있다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2013

최근 국외에서 수행된 몇몇 선행 연구들은 주택 가격과 개인 및 지역사회의 비만 수준 사이에 밀접한 상관관계가 존재함을 보여준다. 이는 주택 가격이 개인 및 지역의 사회경제적 수준을 나타내는 지표로 쓰일 수 있음을 시사한다. 본 연구는 우리나라에서도 지역의 주택 가격수준이 지역에 거주하는 개인들의 집계된 건강수준을 잘 설명할 수 있는지 분석하였다. 분석결과는 우리나라에서도 해외의 사례에서와 같이, 지역의 주택 가격으로 대표되는 사회경제적 수준이 높을수록 지역의 비만도가 낮아지는 것을 보여주었다. 그리고 지역의 평균적 주택 가격수준이 비교된 여타의 사회경제적 수준 지표들 못지 않게 지역의 비만인구 비율을 잘 설명하고 있음을 보여주었다. 본 연구결과는 주택 가격이 다른 사회경제적 지표들과 같이 지역의 사회경제적 수준을 대표하는 효과적인 지표가 될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine change in adolescent depression across time and to determine the relation between individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and depression. Methods: This study employed multilevel latent growth analysis using longitudinal data from Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey. A sample of this study consists of 2,351 adolescents who were in first grade of middle school in 2010. Results: Results showed that both initial level and downward trajectory of depression varied significantly across individuals as well as across neighborhoods. On the individual level, self-rated economic condition(b=-0.203, p<.001) was related to the initial level of depression. Adolescents whose father had a high educational level(b=0.028, p<.001) or whose mother had a low educational level(b=-0.022, p=.011) had lower rates of decline in adolescent depression. On the neighborhood level, neighborhood deprivation index (b=0.003, p=.019) and gini coefficient(b=0.124, p=.040) were associated with lower rates of decline in depression. Conclusions: Low SES in adolescence is correlated with worse mental health, especially depression. Social disparities in depression likely originate before adulthood. The findings argue for the importance of understanding depression in adolescence from a multilevel or ecological framework.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2021년도 제64차 하계학술대회논문집 29권2호
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• pp.375-376
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• 2021

본 연구는 G광역시 영구임대아파트에 거주하는 저소득 수급노인조사(2019년) 데이터를 활용하여 저소득 노인의 사회보장급여 수준이 우울에 미치는 영향에 대한 건강상태와 이웃관계가 보호효과로 작용하는지에 대한 다중매개효과를 검증하고자 한다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2013

Objectives: As the size of elderly population living alone grows, socioeconomic diversity has also increased. This study examined if social risk factors of poor self-rated health were distinguishable between the low income elderly and their non-low income counterparts both living alone. Methods: The '2006 Elderly Health Interview Survey' conducted by D-gu in Seoul was utilized. We divided the elderly living alone into two groups depending on their economic status: low income and non-low income. Employing logistic regression, we analyzed the associations of poor self-rated health with socio-demographic factors, health-related factors, social support, the relations with children, social activities, welfare service use, and the perception of neighborhood safety. Results: Proportion of rating one's own health being poor was different between two populations. Social support was important for the self-rated health of the non-low income elderly, while welfare service use, the perception of neighborhood safety, and the relations with children were noticeable for the low income elderly. Conclusions: To better understand the health need of elderly population living alone, their heterogeneity in socioeconomic characteristics should be taken into account.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.192-201
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• 1993

Epidemiologic investigation was conducted on January, 1993 in Seoul to identify the cause of an infant methemoglobinemia. Field investigation of the area of outbreak, survey of household and family members, analysis of ground water, and blood tests of involved family members were performed. Following results were obtained On analyzing the quality of the ground water on patient's household high levels of nitrate was found indicating contamination of water as the cause of a methemoglobinemia outbreak. On analysing the quality of the ground waters on seven other places within the neighborhood five were contaminated by nitrate in concentration that exceeded the permissible limit implying presence nearby source of contamination. Sources of contamination were thought to be originating from human waste in conventional bathroom facilities, chicken manure used in nearby orchards and plant fields or fertilizers. But the results of water analysis with presence of bacteria or E.coli, concentration of potassium, phosphate and the past history of diarrhea among family members, chicken manure suggested the most possible source of contamination. To evaluate the health status of members in the neighborhood past history was reviewed revealing no prior existence of patient with cyanosis and 65 people in the neighborhood had normal levels of methemoglobin concentration in their blood. Conclusively, the ground water on patient's household was contaminated with nitrate and despite provision of adequate water supply, family members of the patient along with their distrust in the water supply system had used ground water as their source of drinking water resulting of methemoglobinemia. Many suburban area of Seoul and country side thought to be having similar problems concerning contaminated ground water supply and dormant outbreak of patients as a result of the drinking of the contaminated water. Epidemiologic investigation and water analysis of ground waters are advised.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.249-261
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• 2000

The purpose of this study were to identify the quality of life for the mothers of hospitalized chronic pediatric patients, and to explore the factors affecting the QOL of those mothers. The subjects were 201 mothers whose children had hospitalized at one University hospital with chronic diseases. Data were collected from the December, 1997 to December, 1998. We used a revised QOL instrument consisting of 34 items, 5 point likert scale based on the Noh's QOL instrument. The revised QOL consists of six subscales, those are physical status and function, self esteem, emotional status, economic status, relationship with family members, and relationship with neighborhood. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation using SPSS-PC. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of quality of life for the mothers of chronic pediatric patients was 100.31, and item mean was 2.95. In subscale analysis, item mean of economic status was the lowest, and that of relationship with family members was the highest. 2. Correlations between characteristics of chronic pediatric patients, their mothers and QOL of mothers were as follows; 1) Total QOL of mothers had a significant positive relationship with progressing time relapse after diagnosing and age of mothers. There was a significant negative relationship between the total QOL of mothers and number of hospitalization of their children. 2) QOL on self esteem and economic status had a significant relationship with age of pediatric patients, the time relapse after diagnosis, and age of mothers. Total number of family members and QOL on economic status showed a significant positive relationship. QOL on emotional status, economic status, and relationship with family members of mothers showed negative correlations with the number of hospitalization of their children. 3. Followings were the result of difference in QOL among different demographic cha- racteristics of the subjects. 1) QOL on economic status of mothers was significantly higher when fathers of pediatric patients had jobs. 2) Total QOL score, QOL on emotional status, and QOL on relationship with neighborhood were significantly higher when mothers of pediatric patients had spouses. 3) QOL on self esteem of mothers was significantly higher when mothers had religion. 4. Followings were the result of difference in QOL among different diagnosis of the children. 1) Total QOL score of mothers whose children had congenital heart disease was higher than that of mothers whose children had leukemia and cancer. 2) QOL on emotional status, economic status, and relationship with family members of mothers whose children had congenital heart disease were higher than those of mothers whose children had leukemia, cancer, and epilepsy.