• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2013

Recently, as the concern over environmental problem has been serious all over the world, carbon has become a key issue to mitigate the problem. In the field of Architecture, various sustainable assessment systems and LCCO2 assessment strategies have been developed, guiding low carbon building while planning. However, assessment system for low carbon neighborhood, which can be more efficient strategy, is still in the stage of research. In this paper, as a research for low carbon assessment system and planning guideline for neighborhood, scope meeting domestic condition has been set and sustainable assessment system for neighborhood, which is similar to low carbon concept, have been compared. LEED-Neighborhood Development, BREEAM-Communities, CASBEE-Urban Development, and GBCC-Apartment Houses were used for comparison. As a result, it is found that those systems has many differences in judging system, aggregating method, scope of evaluation, and relations with a building assessment system. The concern about carbon is not insufficient yet. Finally, assessment system for low carbon neighborhood, which is not only for establishing the plan, but also for giving guideline at the very first state of the plan, should be developed as fast as passible. With the result of this paper, establishment of assessment criteria and the way to measure quantitative $CO_2$ should be studied forward.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.54-74
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• 2023

This study examined the subcomponents of the local environment that have an important influence on the life satisfaction of people living in single-person households and analyzed how the causal relationship between these variables differs between generations. Specifically, the local environment was classified into the following subcomponents: convenience, comfort, safety, healthcare, and neighborhood relationships. This study analyzed the data of 3,260 respondents from single-person households in the 2020 Residents' Quality of Life Survey in Gyeonggi Province. As a result, it was found that the perception of all subcomponents of the local environment had a positive effect on the life satisfaction of people in single-person households. The effect of neighborhood relationships was relatively large compared to other subcomponents. Next, the influencing factors on life satisfaction of people in single-person households showed differences between generations, which were defined by this study as youth (under age 35), middle-aged (35-64), and elderly (65 and older). Convenience and safety for the youth group and neighborhood relationship for the middle-aged group were most important. The elderly group was most affected by healthcare. The proportion of single-person households worldwide, including in Korea, is gradually increasing, and considering this, this study provides important policy implications.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.488-502
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the neighborhood environmental factors associated with physical activity among adults living in rural communities. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 201 adults living in three Ri in Y-city, Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from face-to-face interview by trained interviewers and were analyzed using a zero-inflated negative binominal regression model. Results: Participants reported engaged in moderate or vigorous physical activity was 76.1%; 10.5% of participants reported that they met moderate physical activity recommendations and 14.5% of participants reported that they met vigorous physical activity recommendations. Zero-inflated negative binominal regression analysis showed association of increasing days of physical activity with social cohesion (${\beta}=.130$, p=.005), social network (${\beta}=-.096$, p=.003), and safety for crime (${\beta}=-.151$, p=.036), and no days of physical activity was associated with no attainment of education and marginally associated with increasing BMI. Conclusion: Neighborhood environmental factors including social cohesion, social network, and crime for safety were significantly associated with physical activity of rural adults. Community health nurses should expand an approach for individual behavior change to incorporate rural adults' specific neighborhood environmental factors into physical activity interventions.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2007

Representing an environment as the probabilistic grids is effective to sense outlines of the environment in the mobile robot area. Outlines of an environment can be expressed factually by using the probabilistic grids especially if sonar sensors would be supposed to build an environment map. However, the difficult problem of a sonar such as a specular reflection phenomenon should be overcome to build a grid map through sonar observations. In this paper, the NRF(Neighborhood Recognition Factor) was developed for building a grid map in which the specular reflection effect is minimized. Also the reproduction rate of the gird map built by using NRF was analyzed with respect to a true map. The experiment was conducted in a home environment to verify the proposed technique.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.35-47
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to research the environmental amenity factors of a city to devise the strategies to preserve the factors. For this study, the area of Masan city in Korea was chosen, and questionnaires, field studies, and statistical researches were used. Based on the results, the research showed the city surveyed had expanded by 1,069%, and the population of the city had increased by 272% from 1970 to 1995. In the city-life environment, the traffic was not smooth and the streets were not safe. The number of cars increased by 40,797% from 1970 to 1995, but the total length of roads increased only by 333%. The number of traffic accidents increased by 850%. Buildings were not preserved or maintained and did not have any traditional value. Additionally, buildings were not harmonious with environmental surroundings. Land allocation for utilization was not mixed well with tradition. In relation with the surroundings, there were not enough spaces for old people, and parking spaces were limited. In the field of public policy and finance, economic support and fundamental facilities were not enough. The survey of the household environment and the neighborhood environment showed that the room temperature, sunshine, air condition, and space were medial in the household environment. Public social facilities and entertainment culture had the lowest quality in the neighborhood environment. The city-life environment, the neighborhood environment, and the household environment affected the quality of life in order. The above results showed that cities should be planned upon sustainable development with the idea of emphasizing ecological harmony and considering people first, that citizen should be planned upon sustainable life by the harmony between people and the environment. Cities should be places where all people can live together pleasantly and cooperate with each other.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to suggest a social environment to active communities in apartment housing, on the basis of the residents' different social environments of two apartment complexes having their own respective community spaces. A questionnaire was responded by 434 housewives residing in the two apartment complexes which have their own respective space usage and programs in the community spaces larger than is legally specified. The questionnaire comprised items such as neighborhood consciousness, social intercourse, needs of community program diversity. The frequency analysis, the t-test, ANOVA, chi-square analysis were used for the comparison of characteristics of the two apartment complexes. The results of the social environment are as follows. The neighborhood consciousness, social intercourse of residents, and their attitude for participation in the common activities differed according to the residents' socio-demographic characteristics (age, education, number of family, average household income), complex distinctions (presence of clubs, community spaces, and community programs), and the attitude of constructors to foster it. Residents' participation rate and their participation intention showed positive correlation.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2019

Korea's transportation paradigm is shifting from a vehicle-oriented transportation plan to a pedestrian-friendly environment that emphasizes walking safety. However, the level of pedestrian traffic accidents in Korea is still high and serious. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting the severity of pedestrians traffic accidents using the multilevel logistic regression model based on 2015-2017 pedestrian accidents data provided by the Traffic Accident Analysis System(TAAS). The main results of the multilevel logistic regression model showed that 89% of pedestrian traffic accidents in Seoul were explained by individual characteristics such as drivers and pedestrians, and 11% were explained by neighborhood environmental characteristics. The results are as follows : In the individual characteristics such as pedestrians and drivers, the older the pedestrians and the drivers, the higher the traffic accident severity. The severity of traffic accidents was high when the pedestrians were female and the drivers were male. In the case of accident types, traffic accidents were more serious in the cases of heavy vehicles, inclement weather, and occurring at intersections and crosswalks. The results of the neighborhood environmental characteristics are as follows. The intersection density and the crosswalk density tended to reduce the severity of traffic accidents. On the other hand, the traffic light density and the school zones were founded to related to the higher level of traffic accident severity. This study suggests that both individual and neighborhood environmental characteristics should be considered together to prevent and reduce the severity of pedestrian traffic accidents.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2015

This study examines the Singapore public housing supplied by Singapore Improvement Trust (SIT) in the 1950s. Focused on the Princess Elizabeth estate and Princess estate of Queenstown, this study surveys their construction backgrounds, site plans, unit plans, architectural designs and meanings. The Princess Elizabeth estate was the model estate for workmen's flats. This estate showed mixed blocks of flats arranged around a large quadrangled open space for children. The Princess estate was a neighborhood of Queenstown, Singapore's the first new town. At this Estate, there were some new architectural occurrences departing from the Tiong Bahru Estate. Those are the appearance of high-rise typology, and the increased specificity in the functions of open spaces. Thus the open space became to get hierarchy, and divided an estate to small neighborhood units. For the SIT, open space is synonymous with the improvement of urban environment. Through the purposeful creation of open space, the SIT intended to solve the problem of sanitation and to make a neighborhood unit which can be pleasant place for regional community.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2009

본 연구는 공원조성압력지수를 이용하여 청주시에 분포되어 있는 도심 미개발공원의 개발우선순위를 선정하는데 있다. 공원조성압력지수를 산정하기 위해 가법형 모델을 이용하였다. 지수는 총 5개의 등급으로 나누어졌으며, 각 등급화는 9개 항목 평가지표를 통해 이루어졌다. 9개의 평가지표에서는 다시 공원의 물리적 환경특성, 이용가능성, 공간배치특성으로 분류된다. 이러한 평가지표는 기존연구에서 제시하고 있는 지표와 관련공무원의 인터뷰를 통해 선정하였다. 물리적 환경평가지표로는 고도 경사, 정규식생지수(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index: NDVI)가 있으며, 이용가능성 평가지표로는 주거지면적비율, 이용가능예측인구, 미조성경과년수, 단절구역면적이 있으며, 마지막으로 공원배치특성의 경우에는 공원간의 거리와 대체시설의 분포특성이 있다. 연구 결과, 사천, 사직2, 당산근린공원이 1등급을 받았으며, 삼선당공원이 5등급을 받았다. 1등급 공원의 경우, 두 개의 공원이 청주시의 동서축인 사직로와 인접해 있었으며, 가장 높은 개발압력을 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 삼성당공원의 경우, 가장 낮은 개발압력을 받고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 이 공원의 경우, 지역 대학교와 밀접하게 위치하고 있으며, 이로 인해 주변지역에 주거용지비율이 작고 이용잠재인구 또한 적은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.87-102
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• 2019

유니세프(UNICEF)의 아동친화도시 조성사업(Child Friendly Cities Initiative, CFCI)이 특정 지방자치단체의 특수정책에서 지방자치단체의 보편적 정책으로 전환되는 현 시점에서 도시의 대표적인 공공공간인 도시공원의 아동친화환경에 관한 전반적인 진단과 점검이 필요하다. 그러나 대부분의 공원 관련 아동친화환경 사업은 어린이에 집중되어 있고, 현재 공원의 아동친화성을 평가할 수 있는 기준도 구축되어 있지 않다. 이러한 문제의식을 바탕으로 본 연구는 18세 미만의 아동과 지역주민이 모두 이용하는 근린공원을 대상으로 연구자 현장조사, 이용자 설문조사, 청소년참여 워크숍의 방법을 통해 아동친화환경을 분석하였다. 본 논문에서 파악한 아동친화도시 근린공원의 문제점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 불분명한 아동의 개념과 정의로 인해 정책의 집행과 그 수혜의 대상이 일관되게 실행되지 않고 있다. 둘째, 근린공원은 아동을 위한 공공공간으로 인지되거나 활용되지 못하고 있다. 셋째, 근린공원에서는 청소년에 대한 고려가 매우 부족하다. 넷째, 공원 내 시설뿐만 아니라, 접근성과 공원 주변의 아동친화성이 미흡하다. 이러한 측면을 고려하여 추후 공원 관련 정책 개발에 있어 청소년을 포함한 소외 연령층에 대한 고려를 구체화한다면 아동친화도시 공공공간의 아동친화성 향상과 아동의 보편적인 권리 향상에 이바지할 수 있을 것이다.