• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.152-158
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• 2009

갈대속 식물 두 종 달뿌리풀과 갈대의 종간 유연관계분석 및 수환경변화에 따른 종내 지역별 유연관계를 조사하기위해 RAPD 분석을 수행하였다. 총 9개의 oligoprimer를 이용한 효소중합반응에서 300 bp에서 1,900 bp 사이의 구간에서 142개의 유효한 polymorphic band를 확인하였다. Nei-Li의 genetic distance를 이용한 분석결과에 의하면, 비유사도지수가 달뿌리풀 개체군 종내에서는 0.012에서 0.061, 갈대 개체군 종내에서는 0.033에서 0.095의 낮은 상이성을 나타내어 종내 지역집단간에는 높은 유전적 유연관계를 보였으며, 달뿌리풀 개체군과 갈대 개체군 종간에서는 0.043에서 0.132의 상이성을 나타내어 달뿌리풀과 갈대 사이의 비유사도지수의 큰 차이는 보이지 않았으나 유전적으로 거리가 있는 것으로 나타났다. RAPD 결과 이 두 종 사이에 뚜렷한 차이를 구별할 수 있는 genetic marker를 확인하였고, UPGMA 유집분석에 의하면 두 종은 비슷한 수환경끼리 유연관계가 가까운 것으로 나타났고 다른 수환경끼리는 유연관계가 먼 것으로 나타났다. RAPD 분석법은 갈대속 두 종의 분류학적 혼동 해결과 동시에, 수환경변화에 따른 종내 지역별 유전적 유연관계 확인에 매우 유용한 방법인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2005

Kalopanax pictus is a long-lived woody species mostly distributed in East Asia. K. pictus has been regarded as medically and ecologically important species in Korea. Thornless castor aralia variant, local name 'Cheongsong' is an endemic to Cheongsong province in Korea. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to investigate the genetic variation and structure of Korean populations of two species. A high level of genetic variation was found in six K. pictus populations. Twelve primers revealed 49 loci, of which 29 were polymorphic (59.2%). Nei's gene diversity for K.pictus and K. pictus variant were 0.119 and 0.098, respectively. Mean of genetic diversity in K. pictus was higher than average values for species with similar life history traits. The asexual and sexual reproduction, perennial habitat, and longevity are proposed as possible factors contributing to high genetic diversity. An indirect estimate of the number of migrants per generation (Nm=0.857) indicated that gene flow was not extensive among Korean populations of K.pictus. It is suggested that the isolation of geographical distance and reproductive isolation between K.pictus and K.pictus variant populations may have played roles in shaping the population structure of this species.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.306-313
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• 1994

일본에서 상업적으로 중요한 어종 중의 하나인 도다리 2형간 유전적 분기의 정도를 측정하기 위하여 전분 gel 전기영동법에 의한 isozyme분석을 행하였다. 도다리 2형간에 있어서 14종의 효소를 지배하는 22유전자좌가 검출되었으며 2형간에 있어서 공통의 대림유전자를 가지고 있지 않은 완전분기는 3유전자좌(Acp, Idh-2 및 Mdh-2)에서 관찰되었다. 2형간에 있어서 측정된 Nei의 유전적거리는 0.46592이었으며 2형간에 있어서 유전적 변이성의 차이를 나타내는 평균 이형 접합체율의 기대치는 A type에서 0.120, B type에서는 0.095로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 2형간에 있어서 유전적으로 상호 분기되어 있었으며 그들의 분기 년도는 대략 $2.3{\times}10^6$년 전으로 추정된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1535-1541
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• 2005

Five broiler chicken lines, namely HC, BPB2, CPB2, PB2 and UM1, involving in a selection program and differing in selection intensity and genetic background, were screened for randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymorphism using 10 selected decamer primers. Nine primers amplified the genomic DNA, generating 200 to 2,500 bp and all detected polymorphism between lines. Out of 74 bands scored using these primers, 34 (50.0%) were found to be polymorphic. The number of polymorphic loci ranged from 3 to 6 with an average of 4.33. Lines differed considerably for within-population genetic similarity estimated by band frequency (WS = 93.55 to 99.25). Between-line genetic similarity estimates based on band sharing as well as on band frequency ranged from 71.35 to 86.45 and from 73.38 to 87.68, respectively. Lines HC and PB2 were the most closely related to the other, while BPB2 and CPB2 appeared to be more distant from each other. The between-line genetic distance based on both band sharing and band frequency revealed the similar trends as for Between-line genetic similarity. Based on BS and BF criteria, BPB2 and CPB2 as well as PB2 and UM1 lines can be merged to launch a new genetic group for further progress in biometrical objectives. A phylogenetic tree, derived using Nei's coefficient of similarity revealed the different pattern of genetic distance between lines.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.660-670
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• 2014

The Korean plum yew (Cephalotaxus koreana Nakai) is a shade-tolerant, coniferous shrub. The seeds have been used as a folk medicine in Korea, and an alkaloid extract (HTT) is known to have anticancer properties. We estimated the genetic diversity of 429 trees in 16 populations in South Korea using 194 polymorphic amplicons from seven combinations of AFLP primer-restriction enzymes. The average number of effective alleles and the percentage of polymorphic loci were 1.37 and 79.4%, respectively. Shannon's diversity index and the expected heterozygosity were 0.344 and 0.244, respectively. We divided 16 populations into four groups on the UPGMA dendrogram and the PCA biplot. The first two principal components explained 84% of the total genetic variation. Genetic differentiation between populations explained 14% of total genetic variation, and the remaining 86% came from difference between individuals within populations, as determined by an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). However, the genetic differentiation did not correlate with the geographic distance between populations from the Mantel test. The Bayesian statistics, which are comparable to Wright's $F_{ST}$ and Nei's $G_{ST}$, were ${\theta}^I=0.406$ and ${\theta}^{II}=0.172$, respectively. The population genetic diversity was slightly lower, and the strength of genetic differentiation was much weaker, than the average of those plants having similar life histories, as assessed using arbitrary marker systems. We discuss strategies for the genetic conservation of the plum yew in Korea.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.1226-1236
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• 2022

Mongolian horses are one of the oldest horse breeds, and are very important livestock in Mongolia as they are used in various fields such as transportation, food (milk, meat), and horse racing. In addition, research and preservation on pure Mongolian breeds are being promoted under the implementation of the new Genetics of Livestock Resources' act in Mongolia. However, despite the implementation of this act, genetic research on Mongolian horses using microsatellites (MS) has not progressed enough. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the genetic polymorphism of five breeds (Gobi shankh, Tes, Gal shar, Darkhad, and Undurshil) using 14 MS markers recommended by International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG). The mean number of alleles (MNA) was 8.29, expected heterozygosity frequency (H_Exp) was 0.767, observed heterozygosity frequency (H_Obs) was 0.752, and polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.729. The Nei's genetic distance analysis showed that the genetic distance between Gobi shankh and Darkhad horses was the farthest, and the other three breeds, Tes, Gal shar, and Undurshil were found to be close to each other. Similarly, the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) showed that the Gobi shankh and Darkhad horses were genetically distinct from other breeds. On the other hand, it appears that Tes, Gal shar, and Undurshil horses, which are genetically similar, most likely interbred with each other. Therefore, it is expected that these results will help the conservation of genetic resources in Mongolia and the establishment of policies related to Mongolian horses.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.161-174
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• 2005

한국산 반하속 식물의 종간 및 종내 집단간의 유연관계를 조사하기 위하여 RAPD 분석을 수행하였으며, PCR 과정을 통해 증폭된 RAPD 절편들은 300 bp에서 2,500 bp 사이의 구간에서 관찰되었다. 7개의 oligoprimer를 이용한 효소중합반응에서 70개의 유효한 polymorphic band makers를 확인하였고, Nei-Li의 유전적 거리지수를 이용하여 분석하였다. 또한 이러한 자료에 근거하여 종내 개체군 군집에 대한 UPGMA 유집분석 및 NJ tree를 도출하였다. 반하의 지역별 개체군 집단간에는 각각 낮은 유전적 거리지수 수준에서 유집되어 전반적으로 개체군간 유연관계가 밀접한 것으로 조사되었다. 반하는 지역별 개체군에 따라 잎의 형태와 꽃의 색에 따른 형태학적 변이 및 체세포염색체수의 세포학적 변이 패턴을 다양하게 보이고 있어 이는 생육지의 다양성에 의해 나타난 형질분화의 차이로 추정된다. 이런 특성은 반하의 분화속도를 빠르게 하는 주요 원인으로 판단된다. 본 연구를 통해 볼 때 새로운 종은 반하속에 속하는 분류군으로 제주도와 일본의 반하 개체군과 매우 가까운 유연관계를 형성하고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. RAPD 분석은 한국산 반하속 식물종의 종간 및 종내 개체군 집단간의 유연관계 파악에 매우 유용한 실험적 접근방법임을 보여주었다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2001

중국과 북동 중국에 서식하는 등줄쥐 2아종 (Apodemus agrarius coreae와 A. agrarius manchuricus)의 아종 내의 유전자 다양성의 정도를 파악하고 2아종간의 차이를 확인하기 위해, 미토콘드리아 DNA cytochrome b 유전자의 부분 염기서열을 분석하였다. 열 여덟마리의 A. agrarius coreae로부터 10 haplotype이, 그리고 2마리의 A. agrarius manchuricus로부터 1 haplotype이 밝혀졌다. 아종 coreae의 10 haplotype간의 Tamura-Nei nucleotide 거리는 0.36에서 1.86%였고, 2아종 coreae와 manchuricus간의 nucleotide 거리는 0.37에서 1.47%였다. 아종 coreae내 최대 genetic divergene 거리는 2아종간의 최대거리보다 크게 나타났다. 또한 2아종의 11 haplotype을 비교했을 때에, 뚜렷하게 아군으로 나뉘어지지 않았다. 본 염기서열의 분석 결과는 지금까지의 형태적 연구의 결과와 일치하지 않았으며, cytochrome b 유전자는 A. agrarius의 2아종을 구분하기에 좋은 유전자 marker가 아닌 것으로 판단됐다. 앞으로, A. agrarius의 2아종간의 유전적 관계를 밝히기 위해 미토콘드리아 DNA control region의 분석이 필요하다고 본다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1368-1374
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• 2005

To investigate the genetic relationships among various cattle breeds, bovine mtDNA D-loop region was used in 411 animals of 18 cattle breeds, including 8 Asian Bos taurus, 7 European Bos taurus, 1 Asian Bos indicus, and 2 African Bos indicus. The size of amplified PCR products from mtDNA D-loop region was 964 bp and the products were digested by 15 different restriction enzymes. Two different band patterns were identified in eight restriction enzymes (BstXI, Hae III, Msp I, Apa I, Taq I, Alu I, BamH I, EcoN I) and the rest of restriction enzymes showed more than 3 different band patterns among which Apo I and MspR9 resulted in 7 different restriction patterns. The genotypes, number of haplotype, effective number of haplotype, and degree of heterozygosity were analyzed. Based on all the PCR-RFLP data, different haplotypes were constructed and analyzed for calculating genetic distances between these breeds using Nei's unbiased method and constructing a phylogenetic tree.

• Plant Resources
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2005

RAPD analysis was performed to discuss the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships among the tribe Forsythieae and related groups. Two hundred and eighteen scorable polymorphic bands were detected from fourteen oligonucleotide primers. From the results of RAPD analysis by Nei and Li's genetic distance, each individuals of Abeliophyllum distichum showed high genetic relationships with ranging from 0.085 to 0.301, also the genus Forsythia showed from 0.042 to 0.655 among the species and populations. But, Abeliophyllum and Forsythia showed distinct dissimilarity, ranging from 0.610 to 1.258. And genetic differences among the population of Forsythia were 0.042 in F. koreana, 0.275 in F. saxatilis, 0.275 in F. ovata, 0.279 in F. nakaii, and 0.249 in F. viridissima. The UPGMA phenogram of tribe Forsythieae based on the results of RAPD analysis were presented that Abeliophyllum is distinct genus different from Forsythia. NJ tree which applied as the outgroups Fontanesia and Jasminum was derived, and it showed that tribe Forsythieae might be a monophyletic group. The genus Fontanesia was showed as sister group of tribe Forsythieae. Among the populations of taxa in Forsythia, F. koreana and F. saxatilis were more closely related, and F. ovata and F. nakaii were very closely related to F.japonica. And Fontanesia was the sister group of tribe Forsythieae.