• Korean Security Journal
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• no.45
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• pp.161-189
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• 2015

As the terrorist act inflicted on the American Ambassador to Korea, Mark Lippert on March 5, 2015, the hunting rifle case in Sejong-si in which 3 persons were killed on February 25, and the hunting rifle murder case in Hwaseong-si Namyang-dong on February 27 occurred in succession, there is growing concern that our country is no long safe from firearm violence. Internationally, there is growing concern that our country is no longer safe from international terrorist organizations such as Islamic State (IS), the Sunni Muslims fundamentalists' Islamic militia group, which an 18-year old Korean boy Kim voluntarily joined in January 2015. The police crisis negotiation of our country was established and operated to prepare for the 1988 Olympic Games mainly for counter-terrorism purposes, and due to the characteristics of the prohibition of the use of guns, not a counter-terrorism incident has occurred, so the skepticism about its existence and the development directions are actively being discussed. Our country still prefers the traditional use of force such as SWAT team to resolve crisis case, such as such as murder, terrorism, robbery, and is reinforcing tactical capabilities. However, to perform the primary mission of the police to protect the people's lives and properties, it is necessary to establish the system in which crisis negotiations are possible in the initial stages no matter what incidents may occur by expanding the education for crisis negotiations techniques which are emphasized in the advanced countries such as the United States. In this research, the police department's internal education materials and media are analyzed so that the new police officers who work hardest on the forefront can carry out the roles as basic negotiators of crisis negotiations, and the measures for the development directions of the police crisis negotiations are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.30-41
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• 1994

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.347-372
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• 2009

International investment has been gaining the importance in the economic growth, employment and technological spillover for many countries at the time of unrestrained flow of the production resources, inter alia, the capital. International investment is prerequisite for Korea to overcome its resource-scarcity. This paper studied some contentious issues of international investment and attempted to suggest negotiating position for Korea on future FTAs. We have made theoretical research of the issues and derived common denominators from four previous FTAs which Korea has concluded. Based on both theories and evidences, we suggest that Korea be ready to have more open attitude for incoming international investment, that is, foreign direct investment(FDI) in future FTA negotiations although Korea should have rather flexible strategy on international investment issues, on the basis of the reciprocity.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.213-237
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• 2010

Duty refund taken exports of raw materials in the manufacture of goods for import duties paid, and refunds, as a system, enhance the price competitiveness of domestic exporters to promote exports is established for them. The duty drawback system is consumed in the production of export goods levied on imported inputs does not exceed the level of reimbursement is established within the WTO rules do not restrict the export support policy is one of. Korea-EU FTA negotiations is a drawback in the ongoing maintenance of claims, while the EU claims that the duty drawback system can not be negotiated until the end of the field of focus is discussed. Intermediate goods imports to Korea is a higher percentage was pointed out the importance of duty drawback, EU FTA, the duty drawback is not a party to remain exporters of raw materials, such as 3rd party can not go back because the benefits were opposed to. The final one-EU Concessions for the current duty drawback system was to maintain continuous.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.51
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• pp.55-78
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• 2011

This paper has derived some problems relating to the use of letters of intent which are common occurrence in the international contracts after considering its nature and legal issues. As reviewed before, some problems may occur when a party has documented a stage in the negotiations by letters of intent. Such documents may well explicitly spell out if, and to what extent, the parties should be bound by what they have already agreed or to carry on negotiations in order to reach the final contract. But if the documents are silent, some problems would arise. Contracting parties are therefore well advised to spell out if, and to what extent, they should be bound by such preliminary agreements. Here again, it might be prudent to explicitly set forth that the parties should not be bound until there is a final written contract signed by authorized representatives of the parties but that they shall abstain from such measures which may defeat their stated objective to reach final agreement, for example, by diminishing the value of performance under the contemplated contract.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.259-279
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• 2009

Recently, FTA is quickly spreading out all over the world. In Korea, roles of trade in the economy are significantly important. Therefore, in order to adapt quickly to changed international trade environment, FTA negotiation and its agreements have been accelerated. In Korea, the trade deficit is expected to continue in telecommunications services sector. Meanwhile, pressures to open the market have been intensified in telecommunications services at WTO and FTA negotiations. Therefore, in the middle of opening the market, the expansion plans to increase the competitiveness of our telecommunications services are required to be searched. Thus, in this paper, we reviewed the Korea trade policy status related to telecommunications services based on realistic situation. Also, after reviewing the trade issues which are raised in the WTO and FTA negotiations, the major issues in WTO and FTA were driven to the lessons.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2006

This study investigates the types of interactional modifications employed by Japanese and Korean university students during text-based chats. In particular, this study focuses on the role of a network-based medium on the use of interactional modifications, which have been claimed to facilitate interlanguage development. The results show that students use a variety of features of interactional modifications. The most used strategies were the use of paralinguistic features, framing, overt indication of understanding/agreement, and clarification checks, which reveals inconsistent results with findings from research on the negotiation of meaning in face-to-face interaction. Results suggest that the computer-mediated communication (CMC) environment requires the above mentioned strategies and students are able to adapt to this new context by employing alternative strategies. The majority of negotiations were generated by content and lexical items either to resolve communication problems or to better manage interactions, and very few negotiations occurred in terms of grammar. The findings suggest that text-based synchronous chats can be an effective tool for promoting interactive competence, but their effectiveness on grammatical development is uncertain.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-40
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• 2006

The trend towards forming economic blocs coupled with global economic arrangements such as DDA and FTA increase pressure on the liberalization of the agricultural sector. South Korea is taking part in the DDA negotiations. Once the DDA negotiations are implemented, the extent of liberation of the agricultural market is expected to be wider and timing of market opening is sooner than those effects of the UR agricultural agreement. A reduction in tariff rates and the government subsidy will follow, accordingly. However, many analysts in the agricultural sector express deep concern over a negative development in local agricultural market as demonstrated in China where the local market was dominated by imported agricultural products. This study aimed to investigate progress that China made in favor of the agricultural industry, including environment-friendly agricultural policy, and suggest ideas to drive the development of the agricultural industry in a better direction in Korea by comparing the two countries.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.35
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• pp.223-247
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• 2007

This paper focused on analyzing the effect against the Chinese Economy of Korea-China FTA and the trend of China-launching FTAs. And then this paper intended to deduce policy implications against the negotiations of Korea-China FTA. The points that Korea should consider in the process of the research and negotiations of Korea-China FTA are as follows: First, it is necessary that Korea should negotiate with China only in terms of the economic sector, excluding non-economic sectors which includes politics, national securities and so on. Second, Korea should put on the lists the every possible sectors that Korea has comparative advantages in. It is essential that the sectors include services in trade, TRIPs, ect. Third, the Korean government should put investment arrangements on the negotiating lists and ask China to afford a special favor to Korean investment In China. Forth, the Korean government should set the level of its tariff, considering the nation's trade deficit that Korea-China FTA will bing about.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.215-251
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• 2014

This study explores the main causes that have led Japan to conclude an FTA with ASEAN. This paper appraises Japan-ASEAN relations and shows that closer relations between Japan and ASEAN have provided momentum for the launch of Japan's FTAs with ASEAN. Consequently, this paper explores the origins and progress of Japan-ASEAN FTA, as well as the strategies and initiatives embraced by Japan in its FTA negotiations with ASEAN. By examining the domestic, regional, and global factors that led to the launch of the Japan-ASEAN FTA, this paper concludes that the strategies adopted were primarily aimed at its main rival, China. The rivalry has resulted in both positive and negative consequences for East Asian Regional economic environment. The negative consequences include the creation of a "spaghetti bowl", which increases costs for Japanese firms operating abroad, and "slows down the progress of the creation of an effective single regional institution".