• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.229-246
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• 2008

Objectives : Acupoints of LR1(Dadun)${\cdot}$HT9(Shaochong), KI10(Yingu)${\cdot}$HT3(Shaohai) are used as controlling the diseases from heart problems. Especially, when they are used, tonification or sedation techniques method is taken as a controlling the medication for an early stroke in the Korean medicine. So the aim of this study is to investigate the anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects of Acupuncture techniques of tonification or sedation at LR1${\cdot}$HT9, KI10${\cdot}$HT3 on the focal ischemia induced by intraluminal filament insertion in rats. Materials and Methods : The focal ischemia was induced by intraluminal filament insertion into middle cerebral artery. The animals were divided into five groups (n=7 in each group) : Control group, no therapy group after ischemia induced; AT-1; acupuncture therapy group at LR1${\cdot}$HT9, KI10${\cdot}$HT3 after ischemia-induced. AT-2; acupuncture therapy at right LR1, HT9(forward direction), KI10${\cdot}$HT3(opposite direction) inserting to the direction of route of the each meridian. AT3; acupuncture therapy at right LR1, HT9(twirling forward with the thumb of right hand 9 times), KI10${\cdot}$HT3(twirling forward with the forefinger of right hand 6 times) AT-4; acupuncture therapy at right LR1, HT9(forward direction, twirling forward with the thumb of right hand 9 times), KI10${\cdot}$HT3(opposite direction, twirling forward with the forefinger of right hand 6 times) inserting to the direction of route of the each meridian. The anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects of Acupuncture techniques of tonification or sedation at LR1, HT9, KI10${\cdot}$HT3 were observed by Bax, Bcl-2, mGluR5, Cytochrome c, Cresyl violet and ChAT-stain. Results : The intensity of Bax and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were increased in ACU-2 and ACU-4 group but decreased in ACU-3 group. The intensity of mGluR5 was increased in ACU-1, ACU-2, ACU-3 and ACU-4 group. The intensity of cytochrome c was decreased in ACU-3 and ACU-4 group. The density of neurons stained by Cresyl violet and ChAT were increased in ACU-1, ACU-3 and ACU-4 group. Conclusions : Our study suggests that acupuncture therapy of tonification at LR1, HT9 by twirling forward with the thumb of right hand 9times, sedation at KI10${\cdot}$HT3 by twirling forward with the forefinger of right hand 6 times after perpendicularly inserting needle shows anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects on cholinergic neuron in focal cerebral ischemia of the stroke in rats.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.403-409
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• 1996

연구배경 : 흉수질환은 특히 복잡흉수나 농흉의 경우 치료상의 난제로 등장한다. 이들 경우의 치료의 근간은 빠른 완전한 배액과 무기폐의 재확장에 있다. 과거에는 통상 상기질환에서 흉수천자와 외과적 흉강삽관을 통해 진단 및 치료에 임하였으나 맹검적 흉강삽관시 때로는 잘못된 부위에 위치하거나 기술적으로 삽입하기 어려운 조건등으로 실패하는 경우를 경험하였다. 최근에는 영하에 도관을 정확히 삽관하고 배액하여 높은 치료성적을 보고하고 있다. 방법 : 1994년 1월부터 1996년 2월까지 흉수질환으로 관삽입을 요했던 환자 28명을 대상으로 후향적인 조사를 하였다. 맹검적 흉강삽관을 요했던 환자와 영상유도하 도관삽관을 시행받았던 환자로 구분하여 배액성공율을 비교하였다. 결과 : 전통적 방법의 흉강삽관 환자는 14명으로 원인별로 농흉 6명, 결핵성흉막염 6명, 부폐렴흉막염 2명인데 반해, 영상유도하도관삽입 역시 14명이었으나 원인별로는 농흉 2명, 결핵성흉막염 6명, 부폐렴흉막염 5명, 원인미상이 1명 있었다. 인상적 및 방사선학적으로 성공적인 배액을 보인 경우가 전자의 방법에서는 79%인데 반해 후자는 93%로서 영상유도하 도관배액에서 높은 치료성적을 보여주었으며 합병증은 한예에서 미미하게 발생하였다. 결론 : 영상유도하의 도관배액술은 복잡흉수나 국소화된 농흉환자에서 안전하며 성공율을 가진 치료법으로 적용할 수 있을 판단되니 향후 좀 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 비교연구가 뒷따라야 하겠다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.50-53
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• 2007

Background: Continuous epidural catheterization is a popular and effective procedure for postoperative analgesia. However, continuous epidural catheterization has associated complications such as venous puncture, dural puncture, subarachnoid cannulation, suboptimal catheter placement, and paresthesia because the tip of the epidural catheter touches thenerves of the dura in the epidural space. In this study, we compared the incidence of paresthesia in two different lengths of epidural catheter insertion. Methods: One hundred women undergoing gynecologic or orthopedic surgery were enrolled in this prospective, double-blinded, randomized study. All patients were randomly divided into two groups based on the insertion length of the epidural catheter 2 cm (group A) or 4 cm (group B). A Tuohy needle was inserted in the lumbarspinal region with a bevel directed cephalad by use of the median approach, and then the epidural space was confirmed by the loss of resistance technique with air. While the practitioner inserted an epidural catheter into the epidural space, a blind observer checked for paresthesia or withdrawal movement. Results: In 97 included patients, 30.6% of the patients in group A (n = 49) had paresthesia, versus 31.3% in group B (n = 48). Withdrawal movements were represented in 2% and 6% of the patients in group A and group B, respectively. There was no difference in the incidence of paresthesia and withdrawal movement between the two groups. Conclusions: There is no clear relationship for the incidence of catheter-related paresthesia according to the catheter length inserted into the epidural space for epidural analgesia.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.70-92
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• 2014

Objectives: Due to advance of science and IT technology, high tech imaging equipment like ultrasonography, CT, MRI and PET scan is constantly being developed and progressed; use of these techniques is needed for Korean medicine. Methods: Historical study was undertaken on the evidence of using ultrasonography. Normal organs and various sorts of diseases were also observed by ultrasonography. Results: Korean medicine judges disease of internal organs and condition of health by symptoms of functional disease and organic disease based on anatomical theory. Ultrasonography based on anatomical theory is non-invasive and free from radiation exposure and can be performed directly from clinical practice in real-time. Ultrasonography can be a big help for securing the stability of the internal organs in inserting needles in the thorax and abdomen as well as diagnosing functional and organic diseases based on anatomical theory. Conclusion: We look forward to a great development of scientification and objectification of Korean medicine by using and researching imaging equipment based on anatomical theory as well as ultrasonography.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2361-2367
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• 2016

Since 1980, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has been used as an important tool for the evaluation of malignant diseases in hollow viscus and bilio-pancreas, as well as sub-epithelial tumors. The high-resolution capacity and low penetration depth of EUS make it possible to obtain highly detailed images of the gastrointestinal wall and immediate surroundings to a depth of 4-5 cm. Thus, over the past 35 years, EUS succeeded to modify management in significant number of cases and is now considered a gold standard tool for many gastrointestinal diseases, especially in the pancreatico-biliary tract, and adjuvant needle insertion now allows access to remote lesions that were difficult to reach in the past. With the growing spectrum of indications, tissue sampling for diagnostic purposes has become common. In this review, we aim to highlight the expanding spectrum of EUS indications and uses in staging of upper gastrointestinal malignancies, especially esophageal, gastric and ampullary tumors.

• 분석과학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.321-327
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• 1994

7, 7-dimethyl-1, 2, 3, 4, 5-pentaphenyl-7-silanorbornadiene을 과량의 methyl alcohol과 함께 저온 열분해반응을 시켰을 때 무색 침상 모양의 결정인 1-methoxydimethylsilyl-1, 2, 3, 4, 6-pentaphenylcyclohexa-2, 5-diene이 생성되었다. 그러나 7-silanorbornadiene을 ethyl alcohol과 함께 동시 광분해반응을 시켰을 때는 silylene이 생성되어 ethyl alcohol의 O-H 결합에 삽입 반응된 ethoxydimethylsilane이 생성되었다. 이와 같은 결과로 판단해 볼 때 7-silanorbornadiene의 저온 열분해반응과 광분해반응의 반응 메카니즘이 다르다는 사실을 알았다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.417-421
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• 1999

To establish the electroacupuncture anesthesia for experimental animal, 5 adult rabbits (Newzealand-white species) and 6 rats (Spraque-dawley) were examined. The acupoints used for electroacupuncture anesthesia were Tian-ping and Bai-hui. After perpendicular insertion of needle to the acupoints, positive electrode was connected at Tian-ping and negative electrode was connected at Bai-hui using veterinary electroacupuncture anesthesia apparatus, respectively. Electric conditions were 2~3 V and 30 Hz in rabbits, and 1.5~2 V and 30 Hz in rats, respectively. To examine the effect of electroacupuncture anesthesia, laparotomy (2 heads), castration (2 heads) and ovariohysterectomy (1 head) were applied in rabbits, and laparotomy (5 heads) and castration (1 head) were peformed in rats, respectively. The induction time of electroacupuncture anesthesia was very rapid and approximately 1 minute, and pain of body surface including the extremities was not detected in rabbits and rats. As for the reactions with electroacupuncture anesthesia, consciousness was vivid, blepharoreaction was not observed and the tail was up at early stage but was down afterwards in rabbits. The same findings except cotinuous lifting of the tail were observed in rats. The pain was not observed during incision and suture, bleeding was comparatively small volume and the class of anesthesia effect was excellent.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.224-232
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of the case reports in the Journal of Acupuncture Research (JAR). All case reports were retrieved from November 2017 to June 2020. There were 19 case reports included in this assessment based on the case report (CARE) guidelines and case report and standards for reporting interventions in clinical trials of acupuncture (STRICTA) guidelines. The overall quality of reporting was relatively high (83.08% on Case Report guidelines and 77.78% on Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture guidelines), but several crucial items remained substantially underreported, such as identifying as a case report (keywords), patient information and perspective, clinical findings, diagnostic assessment, and intervention information. In 18 out of 19 included case reports of acupuncture-related interventions, several items remained considerably underreported such as acupuncture regimen variation, depth of needle insertion, response sought, and experience of acupuncturists. In the classification by disease, condition, or syndrome, 13 out of 19 included case reports were for musculoskeletal disorders (68.4%), which is the main clinical medical field of Korean medicine services. The results of this study may help develop more appropriate reporting guidelines for case reports published in JAR.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.96-98
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• 2014

Injection laryngoplasty is simple and useful procedure in patient with vocal cord paralysis even under local anesthesia. For approaching vocal cord level, flexibility of neck mobility is required to operate injection laryngoplasty but it is relatively difficult to approach vocal cord in patient who has cervical fixations. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) can be helpful:We use a LMA (I-gel$^{TM}$) during intubation without neck extension on flat supine position under general anesthesia and have a good operation filed. LMA with swivel connector give surgeons better surgical vision and make insertion of fibroscope easily during operation. Hyaluronic acid injection was done use needle (25 G, 5 cm) via percutaneous cricothyroid space : This procedure can be useful method for patients who suffer from not only weak voice but also dysphagia and aspiration high vagal palsy patient after spine surgery or uncooperative with awake injection laryngoplasty.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2007

Probe card is a test component which is to classify the known good die with electrical contact before the packaging in the ATE (automatic testing equipment). Conventional probe tip was mostly needle type, it has been difficult to meet with conventional type, because of decreasing chip size, pad to pad pitch and pads size increasingly. For that reason, probe cards using MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) technology have been developed for various semiconductor chips. In this paper, Area Array type MEMS Probe tip was designed,, fabricated, and characterized its mechanical and electrical properties. The authors found that good electrical characteristics under $1{\Omega}$ were acquired with gold (Au) and aluminium (Al) pad contact test over 0.5gf and 4gf respectively. And, contact resistance variation under $0.1{\Omega}$ were achieved with 100,000 times of repetition test. And, insertion loss (IS) for high frequency operation was ascertained over 300MHz at -3dB loss.