• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.349-359
• /
• 1994

To elucidate pathogenicity to hamster of encephalomyocarditis virus $K_3$ strain that was isolated in Korea from the swine with reproductive failures, adult male syrian hamsters were experimentally infected intraperitoneally with the virus at $10^{7.0}\;TCID_{50}/0.1ml$ and pathological and immunohistochemical studies were performed. The results obtained through the experiment were as follows. 1. Clinical signs such as depression, unkempt hair and bilateral parlysis of hind limbs were observed. 2. At necropsy, mild congestion was observed in the cerebrum, liver, kidney and lung, and atrophy was evident in testis. 3. In microscopic observation, degeneration and necrosis of the nervous cells and perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration were manifested in central nerve system, and various degrees of degeneration and necrosis of parenchymal cells were detected in pancreas, lacrimal gland, liver, kidney and testis. 4. In immunohistochemical observation, strong positive reactions were observed in degenerated parenchymal cell of testis, and weak positive reactions, in hepatocytes.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.573-581
• /
• 2005

Flavonoids, a group of low molecular weight phenylbenzopyrones, have various pharmacological properties including antioxidant activity, anticancer, and immunomodulatory effects. In the present study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/phytohemagglutinin (PMA/PHA) were used as stimulants for RAW 264.7 macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (hPBMC), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ and interleukin (IL)-2 productions were measured. In addition, flavonoids were examined for their effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The results showed that all compounds were not strongly cytotoxic at the tested concentrations on hPBMC and RAW 264.7 macrophages. On immunomodulatory properties, catechin, epigallocatechin (EGC), naringenin, and fisetin repressed NO production and TNF-${\alpha}$ secretion. Furthermore, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin (EC), luteolin, chrysin, quercetin, and galangin increased IL-2 secretion while EGC, apigenin, and fisetin inhibited the secretion. These results indicated that flavonoids have the capacity to modulate the immune response and have a potential anti-inflammatory activity. There was no obvious structure-activity relationship regard to the chemical composition of the flavonoids and their cell biological effects.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.99-109
• /
• 1992

Pathological studies by light and electron microscope were carried out on the twenty piglets naturally affected by encephalomyocarditis virus infection. Gross findings included pale or yellow, small necrotic foci on myocardium, together with pulmonary edema and liver congestion in some cases. On light microscopy, nonsuppurative interstitial endocarcitis, epicarditis and myocarditis, myocardial infarction, and dystrophic calcification or fibtosis were observed in heart. Perivascular cuffings, gliosis and nonsuppurative meningitis were appeared in brain. Focal or diffuse necrosis with mononuclear cell infiltration in lacrimal gland and multifocal necrosis in liver were observed in some cases. Congestion and edema of lung, hyperemia, hemorrhage and deletion of lymphocytes of lymph nodes and spleen were recognized. On electron microscopy, severe swelling and vacuolization of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum, large intracellular vacuolation and edema, separation and fragmentation of myofibrils were observed. Virus particles were seen in the sarcoplasm of degenerated cardiac muscle cell.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.285-293
• /
• 1994

Purpose : The study was designed to investigate the effect of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II)(cis-DDP) on the radiation-induced cardiomyopathy in the rat. Materials and Methods : The myocardial damage was assessed by histopathologic changes. In radiation alone group, radiation dose ranged from 10-40 Gy X-ray in a single dose and in combined group, cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) at a dose of 6 mg/kg was given intraperitoneally immediately after irradiation of same dose with X-ray alone group. Results : The early changes by radiation included congestion, inflammatory cell infiltrations and fibrosis in myocardial interstitium with focal myocardial necrosis, which was noted in 10 Gy group, Myocardial fibrosis was increased by increasing dose of radiation but myocardial necrosis was not Proportional to radiation dose. cis-DDP alone group showed minimal degeneration of myocardium with surrounded by inflammatory cell infiltrations. In combined group, myocardial fibrosis in 10 Gy group were similar to radiation alone group, but 30 Gy and 40 Gy groups showed severer changes. Electron microscopic examination showed disruption of Z-band and edema of mitochondria with decreased matrix density in 20 Gy radiation group which were severer in 40 Gy radiation group. Combined group showed endothelial changes and disruption of Z-band worse than radiation alone group as well as increased connective tissue, which was considered as a hallmark of late change in radiation-induced heart disease. Conclusion : This results showed minimal enhancement of the radiation-induced cardiomyopathy in rats by cis-DDP.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.165-178
• /
• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of GaMiHyangSaYukGunJaTang on gastric mucosal lesions caused by indomethacin in rats.The test group was injected with indomethacin after the oral administration of GaMiHyangSaYukGunJaTang, while the control group was injected only with indomethacin. The lipid peroxidation level increased considerably in the control group, but superoxide disnurtase(SOD), catalase and glutathione(GSH) levels remarkably decreased. The following effects induced by indomethacin were observed in the stomach of the control group; mucosa hemoIThagic infarct, mucosa cell necrosis, leukocyte appearance, mucosa hemorrhagic erosion and gastric pit disawearance. In the test group, lipid peroxides level was significantly reduced compared with the control group While SOD, catalase and GSH levels considerably increased. The following effects were also observed in the stomach of the test group; mucosa hemorrhagic infarct, mucosa cell necrosis, leukocyte appearance and mucosa hemorrhagic erosion occured far less and gastric pit disappearance was not observed at all. This results suggest that GaMiHyangSaYukGunJaTang is effective in the remedy of gastric mucosal lesions as GaMiHyangSaYukGunJaTang suppresses the production of the lipid peroxides and free radicals induced by indomethacin and activates SOD, catalase and GSH.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.337-341
• /
• 2007

In this report, we investigated the effect of aqueous extract of vinegar treated small black soybean (Glycine max Merr.) (Leguminosae) (VSBS) on mast cell-mediated allergic reaction and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. VSBS inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic reactions. VSBS attenuated immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. In addition, VSBS decreased the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-6 and interleukin (IL)-8 in human mast cells. Our findings provide evidence that VSBS inhibits mast cell-derived allergic reactions.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.169-174
• /
• 2021

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the salivary gland, but primary thyroid MEC has rarely been reported and usually has a good prognosis. Herein, I report a case of thyroidal MEC with a poor prognosis in an 82-year-old woman with an anterior neck mass. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a thyroid mass. The patient initially underwent fine-needle aspiration, was diagnosed with malignancy, and underwent a right lobectomy. On gross examination, a 4.0×3.6×2.6 cm-sized ill-defined, unencapsulated, and infiltrative tan to whitish mass with necrosis was identified. Microscopically, epidermoid tumor cell nests or solid sheets were identified. Mucous cells that were positive for periodic acid-Schiff and mucicarmine stains were also identified within epidermoid cell nests. Frequent mitosis and necrosis were observed. Immunohistochemical staining for p40 and p63 was positive, and that for thyroid transcription factor-1 and paired box gene 8 was focally positive. According to the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology grading system for salivary gland MEC, the current case was classified as high-grade MEC. After surgery, the patient suffered from dyspnea due to a remnant neck mass that compressed and obstructed the trachea; therefore, the patient refused further treatment. Thyroidal MECs are considered low-grade with a favorable prognosis, but there are several reported cases of thyroidal MEC with poor prognosis. The current case is a rare presentation of high-grade thyroidal MEC with a poor prognosis.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.575-586
• /
• 2005

FC(free choresterol) plays an important role in normal and pathophysiological cells including that of messenger molecule or dilator of blood vessels in such illnesses as artheriosclerosis, hypertension and myocardial infarction. Smooth muscle and endothelial cell functions in the arteria wall are unified by complex intercellular signalling processes. In arteria comprised of one layer of smooth muscle cells surrounding the endothelium, the close apposition of the two cell types enables a signal derived from one cell to rapidly diffuse to neighboring cells. Experimentation was conducted to investigate the potential contribution of Sohaphyangwon(SHHW) on levels of FC generated by goaded microphages, and mechanisms of protection against ACAT inhibitor. It was found that J774 macrophages, which normally do not express FC were expressed by oxLDL and ACAT inhibitor. SHHW protected cells were found to be resistant to oxLDL and delayed death following the FC. Inhibition of FC formation abolished the protective effect against ACAT inhibitor exposure. Cadiovascular diseases include abnormalities of blood vessels dysfunction of the renin-angiotension system. What relation herbal medicine may have with vessel endothelium necrosis was here studied. In Oriental Medicine, SHHW water extract used for diseases in relation to cardiovascular systems. The resistence to cardiovascular disease of ACAT inhibitor induced J774 macrophage cells were studied through analysis of cell morphological patterns and immunochemistry of SHHW. The results of this study suggest that SHHW has protective effects on the cardiovascular system, and that it is effective in both prevention and treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system, particularity against necrosis of blood.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.1379-1385
• /
• 2005

Gamisaenghyeolyunbueum (GSYE) is a traditional Oriental herbal medicine prescription, which has been used for the treatment of various allergic disorders, atopic dermatitis, extravasated bleeding from skin, especially skin related disease. The author investigated the effects of GSYE on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammatory reactions. GSYE dose-dependently (0.01-1 g/kg) inhibited compound 48180-induced systemic anaphylactic shock and ear swelling response. The inhibitory effect of GSYE on the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48f80 reveals significantly (p<0.05) at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml in a dose-dependent manner. GSYE also inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) by oral administration at 1 g/kg. In addition, GSYE dose-dependently (0.01-1 g/kg) inhibited the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA) and A23187-induced tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ secretion from human mast cell line HMC-1 cells. These results indicate that GSYE may be a beneficial applicability in the allergic-related diseases.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.7-17
• /
• 1982

The purpose of this study was to investigate the fine structural modifications of fibroblasts in the coronal region of inflamed human pulps from carious teeth. Six untreated human teeth with large carious lesions and two normal teeth as control were selected from male and female patients between the ages of 20 and 39. The teeth were divided into 4 groups by light microscopic findings: the normal control group, the chronic inflammatory cell-appeared group, the acute and chronic inflammatory cell-appeared group, and the total necrosis group. All tissues were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M sodium cacodylate buffer at pH 7.4 and 1% osmic acid in same buffer. They were embedded in Epon 812. The ultrathin sections were stained conventionally and examined with a AEI Corynth 500 electron microscope. The results were as follows; 1. The fibroblasts of the normal pulps were almost in a quiescent state. 2. The active and the quiescent fibroblasts were found in the pulps of the chronic inflammatory cell-appeared group. Lymphocytes and plasma cells were also seen scattered among these fibroblasts. 3. In the pulps of the acute and chronic inflammatory cell-appeared group, active, degenerative and necrotic fibroblasts were found in the PMN appeared area. And all the fibroblasts in the fibrosis area were active. In the area of chronic inflammatory cellular infiltration, almost all the fibroblasts were active, but seldom were quiescent fibroblasts observed. Some fibroblasts in the pulps of two teeth had large vacuoles that contained banded collagen fibrils. The phagosomes had small beaded vesicles or large lysosome-like varicosity. In two of the teeth, microorganisms were present and two morphological shapes were identified, a rod and a coccus. 4. Vacuolar, vesicular, lamellar, fibrous and myelin structures were observed in the pulp of the total necrosis group, and cocci were also seen.