• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 머리자세와 목폄근육들의 근긴장도 및 근경직 사이에 상관관계를 검증하기 위해 실시되었다. 연구대상자는 20대 성인 80명으로 시상면에서 평소 머리자세와 목폄근육들에 근긴장도와 근경직을 측정하였다. 측정된 머리자세는 Image J를 사용하여 머리척추각, 머리회전각, 앞쪽어깨각을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 머리척추각이 감소할수록 위등세모근의 근긴장도 및 근경직이 유의하게 증가하고, 머리회전각이 증가할수록 위등세모근의 근긴장도 및 근경직과 유의하게 증가하는 상관관계가 있었다(p<.05). 그리고 연구대상자의 머리척추각을 기준으로 정상머리자세와 앞쪽머리자세로 재분류하여 비교한 결과, 앞쪽머리자세는 정상머리자세보다 위등세모근의 근긴장도 및 근경직이 유의하게 높은 특징을 확인하였다(p<.05). 이 연구결과는 임상에서 앞쪽머리자세의 평가 및 자세교육을 위한 기초자료로 활용되길 기대한다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Objective: This study identifies the difference among the heights of a chair's backrest (High, Mid, No), the biomechanical changes chair users undergo over time, and the variables that can measure musculoskeletal disorders, eventually providing information on the appropriate type of backrest. Method: Eleven healthy subjects in their 20s and 30s who had no experience with musculoskeletal disorders or surgical operations within the last 6 months participated in this study. Computer typing tasks were randomly designated and performed according to the type of chair backrest, and evaluation was performed for Flexion-Relaxation Ratio (FRR) analysis after the computer typing tasks. This study used eight infrared cameras (sampling rate: 100 Hz) and nine-channel electromyography (sampling rate: 1,000 Hz). ANOVA with repeated measures was conducted to verify the results, with the statistical significance level being α = .05. Results: Although there was no significant difference in craniovertebral angle (CVA), this study showed time and interaction effects depending on the height of the backrest (p<.05). When working without the backrest, the head-spine angle was lower compared to the chairs with backrest, based on the computer work. As for the head angle, the higher the back of the chair was, the less the head flexion and the body angle became, whereas the body flexion became less when there was a backrest. In addition, the body flexion increased over time in all types of backrests (p<.05). The muscle activity of the upper body tended to be high in the high backrest chair. On the other hand, a lower muscle activity was found with a low backrest. Conclusion: These results show that a chair is more ergonomic when the body angle is correctly set without bending and when it is supported by a low backrest. Accordingly, this study determines that the backrest affects shoulder and neck musculoskeletal disorders during typing and that medium-height backrest chairs can help prevent musculoskeletal disorders, contrary to the expectation that high-backrest chairs are preferable.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.454-463
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare concurrent validity and test-retest reliability based on Craniovertebral angle of 'Angles video goniometer', a smart phone application for convenient range of motion measurement, and 'Image J', an analysis software with high reliability and validity. This was conducted to find out whether 'Angle video goniometer' can be used clinically. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Fifty subjects were imaged laterally, and the angle of the head and spine was measured using Image J and the Angles video goniometer, respectively, in a resting posture and a chin in posture. The level of concurrent validity between the two measurement methods and the level of inter-rater reliability and intra-rater reliability were analyzed. Results: For forty participants, the concurrent validity between Image J and Angles video goniometer showed very high validity with ICC of 0.997(0.995~0.999) and 0.994(0.994~0.998), CVME% 0.71~0.72%, SEM% 0.31~0.34, MDC% 0.86~0.94. The test-retest intra-rater reliability showed very high reliability ICC 0.994(0.991~0.996), CVME% 0.71%, SEM% 0.31~0.43, MDC% 0.86~1.19%. The test-retest inter-rater showed very high reliability ICC 0.995(0.992~0.997), CVME% 0.71%, SEM% 0.43~0.59%, MDC% 1.20~1.62% Conclusions: Angles video goniometer', a smartphone application, is a device with very high reliability and validity for craniovertebral angle measurement in healthy adults, and it is a device that can be easily used in clinical practice.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of neck patterns in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) for neck movement and the neck disability index (NDI) among adults with forward head posture. Methods: Thirty-nine subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. Subjects in the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise group (PNFG, n = 20) received 20 minutes of PNF neck pattern (flexion-Rt. lateral flexion-Rt. rotation followed by extension-Lt. lateral flexion-Lt. rotation) 3 times weekly for 4 weeks. Outcomes were measured using absolute rotation angle (ARA), anterior weight bearing (AWB), range of flexion and extension motions (RFEM), and neck disability index (NDI) methods before and after the 4-week intervention period. Results: There were significant effects for the PNFG, pre- and post-intervention, in ARA, AWB, RFEM, and NDI. There were significant differences in ARA, AWB, RFEM, and NDI compared with CG. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the PNF neck pattern could be beneficial for adults with forward head posture.Purpose: This study investigates how abdominal muscular exercise based on proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) can affect chronic low back pain patients in terms of their pulmonary function, pain, and functional disability indexes. Methods: Fourteen target subjects with chronic low back were randomly assigned to the control group (n = 7) that performed abdominal muscle exercises and the experimental group (n = 7) that performed PNF abdominal muscular exercises. The exercises were performed five times a week for six weeks. To check the change in pulmonary function, the forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) and visible analogue scale (VAS) were measured to check the pain level. The disability level caused by back pain was measured by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). A paired t-test was applied to compare the differences between the groups before and after the intervention, and an independent t-test was used to compare the differences between the groups. The level of statistical significance was set as ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: Before and after the intervention, the experimental group showed a significant change in FEV1 (p < 0.01), and both the experimental and the control groups showed significant changes in VAS and ODI (p < 0.01). A comparison of the differences between the groups indicated that the experimental group showed more significant changes in FEV1 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the study results, PNF abdominal muscular exercise effectively improved pulmonary function, pain, and functional disability indexes in subjects with chronic back pain. The proposed program can be applied to chronic back pain patients as a useful therapy.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.96-103
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• 1998

목적 : 고식적인 자기공명혈관조영술 (MR Angiography, MRA) 기법으로는 영상화가 어려웠던 대동맥궁의 주요 분지들의 평가에 있어서 새로운 MR기법인 조영증강 MRA의 임상적 유용성을 알아보고, 그 화질을 사용한 코일의 종류에 따라 비교해 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 뇌혈관 질환을 의심하여 고식적인 기법으로 뇌 및 경동맥 MRA를 시행한 29명에서 전향적으로 Gd-DAPA 15-20ml를 일시에 손으로 주입한 후 대동맥궁과 그의 주요 분지들에 대해 3시기의 고속 MRA를 시행하여 그 화질을 분석하였다. MRA는 1.0T MR기종에서 3D-FISP기법으로 얻었으며 총 영상 획득 시간은 40-60초였다. 영상 분석은 무명동맥, 양측 총경동맥, 양측 쇄골하동맥과 양측 척추 동맥들의 기시부로부터 전장에 걸쳐 화질을 주관적으로 3등급(good; 명백히 정상소견을 보이는 경우, fair; 약간 낮은 신호를 보이나 정상으로 진단하기에 비교적 만족할 만한 경우, poor; 협착이 모호하거나, 인공물이나 너무 낮은 신호로 혈관을 볼 수 없어 카테터 혈관조영술을 요하는 경우)으로 나누어 평가하였으며, 양측 총경동맥의 분기(bifurcation) 부위에서는 고식적인 기법의 영상과 그 화질을 비교평가하였다. 또한 세가지 사용한 코일의 종류(CP body array 12예, CP neck array 9예, head-and-neck 8예)에 따른 화질 차이를 정성적 및 정량적(신호대 잡음비)으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 대동맥궁 주요 분지들의 전반적인 화질은 55% (16/29)에서 'good', 34%(10/29)에서 'fair'로 평가되어 대부분 고식적인 카테터 혈과조영술이 피요치 않을 정도로 만족할 만한 화질을 보였다. 양측 총경 동맥분지 부위에서는 65%(17/26)에서 고식적인 3D-TOF기법과 같거나 나은 영상을 보였다. CP body array 코일을 사용한 경우가 CP neck array 코일이나 head-and-neck 코일을 사용한 경우보다 정성적 및 정량적으로 유의하게 나은 영상을 보였다(p<0.05). 결론 : 고속 조영증강 MRA기법은 단시간내 (40-60초)에 대동맥구의 주요 분지들을 그 기시부위부터 두개골 저부에 이르기까지 대부분에서 잘 나타내주므로 선별검사로서 임상적으로 유용하리라 생각되며 CP body array 코일을 사용하였을 경우에 CP neck array 코일이나 head-and-neck 코일을 사용한 경우보다 좀더 나은 화질을 얻을 수 있으리라 생각된다.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.200-208
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• 2008

Total Hip Replacement(THR) is a surgical procedure that replaces a diseased hip joint with a prosthesis. A plastic or metal cup forms the socket, and the head of the femur is replaced by a metal ball on a stem placed inside the femur. Due to the various types and shapes of human hip joint of every individual, a selected commercial implant sometimes may not be the best-fit to a patient, or it cannot be applied because of its discrepancy. Hence extracting geometry parameters of hip joint is one of the most crucial processes in designing custom-made implants. This paper describes the framework of a methodology to extract the geometric parameters of the hip joint. The parameters include anatomical axis, femoral head, head offset length, femoral neck, neck shaft angle, anteversion, acetabulum, and canal flare index. The proposed system automatically recommends the size and shape of a custom-made hip implant with respect to the patient's individual anatomy from 3D models of hip structures. The proposed procedure creating these custom-made implants with some typical examples is precisely presented and discussed in this paper.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of radiotherapy on mandibular bone tissue in head and neck cancer patients through an analysis of pixel intensity and fractal dimension values on digital panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with radiographic records from before and after 3-dimensional (3D) conformational radiotherapy were selected. A single examiner carried out digital analyses of pixel intensity values and fractal dimensions, with the areas of interest unilaterally located in the right angle medullary region of the mandible below the mandibular canal and posterior to the molar region. Results: Statistically significant decreases were observed in the mean pixel intensity (P=0.0368) and fractal dimension (P=0.0495) values after radiotherapy. Conclusion: The results suggest that 3D conformational radiotherapy for head and neck cancer negatively affected the trabecular microarchitecture and mandibular bone mass.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.5109-5115
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• 2014

본 논문은 치열궁 변화에 따른 잇솔규격 변화의 필요성을 연구하고자 일부 대학생을 대상으로 사용하고 있는 잇솔을 수집하여 잇솔의 각 부위별 규격을 측정하고, 치열궁을 측정하여 성인의 구강환경에 적합한 잇솔규격기준을 마련하는 기초자료를 제안하고자 하였다. 그 결과 잇솔 종방향은 25 mm이내, 잇솔 횡방향은 11 mm이내의 잇솔 개발이 요구되었다. 잇솔이 모든 치면에 적용되어 치면세균막 관리에 적합한 잇솔 선정을 위해서는 잇솔규격 변화와 함께 올바른 잇솔을 선정할 수 있는 전문가의 교육도 필요하다.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2018

The wedge filter has two movements, fixed and dynamic. In this study, the depth dose distribution was analyzed to determine the stability of the dose distribution and dose volume histograms obtained by evaluating the usability of the critical normal tissue dose around the tumor dose. The depth dose was analyzed from the dose distribution from a Linac (6 MV and 10 MV irradiation field of energy $20{\times}20cm^2$, wedge filter with a SSD of 100 cm and $15^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ Y1-in (Left -7 cm), Y2-out(Right +7 cm). To analyze the fluctuations of the depth dose, a fixed wedge and dynamic wedge toe portion was examined according to the energy and angle because the size of the fluctuations was included in the error bound and did not show significant differences. The neck, breast, and pelvic dosimetry in tumor tissue are measured more commonly with a dynamic wedge than a fixed wedge presumably due to the error range. On the other hand, dosimetry of the surrounding normal tissue is more common using a fixed wedge than with a dynamic wedge.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.436-445
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• 2022

Objective: Deformation of soft tissues around the neck and scapularcan caused by forward head posture(FHP), which has an uncomfortable effect on biomechanical changes in the scapula as well as functional disorders of the shoulder. However, studies related to direct FHP, biomechanical changes in the scapulafunction, and shoulder pain and disorder have not yet been conducted. Therefore, purpose of this study is to effect of decresedthe FHP on the shoulder function of the sacpular biomechanical examine the change in the shoulder painand disorder. Design: A randomized controlled trial Methods: The participants were 32adults(23.03±3.90 years) recruited and redivided randomly into Forward head posture corrective exercise(FHPCE) vs Control. The FHPCE group was proceeded according to the over load principle through 2steps biofeedback exercise and corrective exercise(n=16). The control (n=16) was TENS did not operated and padding 20 minute. This study was conducted 3 times a week for 4a weeks. Results: FHPCE group is improve in the results of craneocervical angle(p<0.05, 95% CI: 0.352, 4.073). In Mechanical changes of scapula in the shoulder flexion more significant improvement in FHPCE than control group[Axis X(p<0.05), Y(p<0.01), Z(p<0.01)], and shoulder abductionmore significant improvement in FHPCE than control group[xis X(p<0.01)], as well FHPCE showed significant increased in the results in the shoulder pain(p<0.05, 95% CI: -13.244, -1.566) Conclusions: This study suggected that FHP affects the biomechanical changes of the shoulder, and a new method for shoulder pain intervention