• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.61 no.8
• /
• pp.253-257
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Child safety seats (CSS) are critical for the protection of children, in case of motor vehicle accidents. Although the national legislation mandates that all newborns must be placed in an appropriately installed CSS during transportation, people often do not perceive the importance of CSS and do not use it as recommended. The purpose of this survey was to understand the use of CSS for the safe transport of newborns from hospital to home. Methods: We interviewed parents of newborn infants, using a structured questionnaire, at the time of their discharge from Cheil General Hospital & Women's Health Care Center, between May 2014 and July 2014. Results: A total of 403 participants were interviewed. The rate of CSS use was only 14.9%. Overall, 76.4% of the families interviewed were not aware about the recommendations on CSS use for newborns when travelling in a car. The provision of education on using CSS significantly influenced their rate of use. Parents who were educated about mounting the CSS in a car used it more as compared with others (25.7% vs. 12.2%) (P=0.002). Furthermore, if parents had heard about the importance or necessity of CSS, they used it more than others did (19.5% vs. 10.6%, P=0.032). Conclusion: Despite the legal regulation, most parents transport their newborn infants without a CSS while traveling from hospital to their home. The rate of CSS use was influenced by parental education and their knowledge about its necessity. Education programs for parents must be reinforced to increase the CSS use.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.15-26
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of the perceptions and conditions of happiness between children and adolescents, and also of the perceptions of happiness according to their needs level of the conditions of happiness. There was a total of 649 participants, of which 405 were children and 244 were adolescents, all of whom were attending elementary school, middle school, or high school. The children and adolescents completed a questionnaire on the perceptions of happiness and the conditions of happiness which consisted of 57 (for children) or 58 (for adolescents) items. The results were as follows: First, children and adolescents both felt happy regarding the variables of 'flow', 'health and appearance', 'leisure' and 'interpersonal relations'. However, it was found that children felt happier than adolescents. Second, children and adolescents perceived achievement-related variables as important conditions of happiness. Additionally, variables of 'relations with parents and relatives' and 'positive emotions' were the conditions that children needed. However, adolescents rated the needs of the conditions of happiness higher than children. Lastly, children and adolescent groups who perceived the necessity of the conditions of happiness at a high level were found to be happier than those who perceived the necessity of the conditions of happiness at a low level. The findings have implications of providing educational, psychological and environmental support to improve the happiness of children and adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.495-502
• /
• 2020

The 37 indicators for performance evaluation of public sewage management agencies are divided into four major categories (agency manpower management ability, wastewater treatment plant operation and management, sludge and water reuse, service quality) in the first stage, and the necessity and score acquisition for the detailed indicators by each major category in the second stages. Priority was investigated through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis technique for ease and relevance of company efforts. Also, based on the results of this analysis, integrated type weighting and relative importance were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the weight and relative importance of the first stage classification were in the order of wastewater treatment plant operation and maintenance, operation agency manpower management ability, sludge and water reuse, and service quality. As a result of analyzing the weights and priorities of the detailed performance indicators in the second stage, it was found that operator's career years, the percentage of certification holding rate in operators, compliance with the effluent water quality standards, training times for operators, and efforts to manage hazardous chemicals were important. Some of the indicators of operation agency performance evaluation may include indicators in which the performance of the company's efforts is underestimated or overestimated. In order to improve this, it is necessary to give weights in consideration of the necessity of the indicator, the relevance of the company's efforts, and the ease of obtaining scores.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.87-96
• /
• 2017

This study is a basic research with the aim of developing the method of judging the leakage zone by grasping the habitat characteristic of agricultural reservoir slope in inhabiting characteristics appear differently according to natural inhabiting environment. To this end, this study is intending to investigate slope vegetation using a quadrat technique at Sinheung reservoir located at Gwangsi-myeon, Yesan-gun, Chungnam, and to perform the analysis of importance value using relative frequency and relative coverage, etc. Also, this study intended to present the necessity of having to consider the eco-system of the relevant region in time of a reservoir slope afforestation for the time to come by suggesting that the reservoir slope vegetation after a stable period becomes similar to the regional vegetation by comparing this study result with the existing research which carried out the analysis of importance value of forest vegetation for Yesan Region. The reservoir slope vegetation is similar to the indicator species which appear in the regional forest vegetation, so there was a need to select afforestation species in the light of this in time of slope afforestation. As a result of the analysis of the importance value, this study grasped that there was an emergence characteristic similar to the vegetation at a birthplace of a forest fires because growth and development of forest trees, and perennial plants were restricted by annually implemented brush-cutting work, etc.; however, indigo plant and bush clover, etc. were found to show the characteristic differing from this. Consequently, this study was able to confirm that there is the necessity of having to create the Importance Value Table suited for reservoir slopes by region through a lot more data construction in the near future.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.21-43
• /
• 2015

Korean floricultural industry has grown under the full backing of government, as it placed itself as the main export item since 2000s. Despite its high-speed growth after the domestic production scale of trillion won, the floricultural industry lost its pace after 2005, due to the market-opening of agricultural product and global economic depression. Although the national income is growing and the level of civilized living is following, spending on flowers is faltering. As of such circumstances, necessity for analyzing flower consumption trend and behavior has came out, along with the calls for expansion plan of flower consumption, under the basis of result analysis on consumer reports. The result of the research contains the trend/consumption behavior analysis on domestic and foreign flower industry to boost floricultural industry, along with reviews on various studies of the developmental process of domestic and foreign cut-flowers/pot-plants consumption trend. Also this study has reached to the various recognition of people toward flower, through a public survey. Through such results, this study would like to propose the measures for diffusion of flower-consumption culture, achieving the improvement of life-quality of public along. First, efforts on reviewing the customer accessibility is essential to create flower- culture and the consumption. Second, to eliminate the obstacles that prevents flowers from public's daily life is essential. Third is the effective public-relations on flowers. To create consuming culture and to adhere the positive images, it is essential to research and systematically organize categories of color, scent, and elements of flower and utilize them. Last proposal is the organization of flower-concerned personnels and the leading groups. The change is affected by the economical, social environment, along with the emotions of consumers. Therefore the necessity for the leading group to be the control-tower of such changes are very clear.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.318-329
• /
• 2011

1. Objectives: We surveyed the attitude and awareness of Sasang Constitution investigators on informed consent in clinical study. This study was performed in order to improve the quality of ethical aspects in clinical study by surveying the process of obtaining informed consent. 2. Methods: We sent the questionnaire by email to Sasang Constitution investigators who had the experience in clinical study. The question was about the necessity of informed consent and the process of obtaining it. 3. Results: Twenty-two out of 24 questionnaires were collected. All of investigators recognized that informed consent is needed for clinical study. Sixty-four percent of the respondents 'fully' or 'mostly' explained the informed consent but they added only 41% of participants 'fully' or 'mostly' understood. Fifty-four point five percent of respondents provided participants enough time and opportunity to inquire the study in details to decide whether or not to participate in the study, the rest of respondents obtained informed consent without providing enough time for decision. 4. Conclusions: Sasang Constitution investigators had high awareness of necessity for informed consent in clinical study. But participants' understanding was low despite of the degree of investigators' explanation. A various strategies should be designed for improving consent forms and process. Most of all, investigators should make sure that informed consent intends to protect participants and promote ethical research conduct.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.131-145
• /
• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand current status of Korean Medicine treatment practice patterns for traffic injuries by web-based survey. Methods The structured questionnaire was distributed by a web based survey to 1,630 potential respondents by email from December 19th in 2016 to February 13th in 2017. All data were statistically analysed. Results The response rate was 79.4%. According to the analysis of the outcome of the survey, 88.0% of the participants felt necessity of the development of Korean medicine clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for traffic injuries. Survey results showed cognitive degree about Korean Medicine CPGs' necessity, individual Korean medicine treatments and requirement for extending insurance coverage for patients with traffic injuries. Conclusions This survey study helps to determine current clinical practice patterns of Korea medicine treatments for traffic injuries. These results further anticipate to provide basic data for CPGs for traffic injuries.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2013

This study aimed to categorize mountain villages according to business expense investments and investigate residents' supplementation demands and differences between expected effects by the categories. For the study, 35 villages where are completely developed on and after 2007 were selected to consider fairness among local governments. Each village leader(the head of the village or the chairperson of the management committee) was conducted a survey from 2012 May to August and one copy of survey was eliminated from the study. The study is summarized into four results. First, the types of mountain villages were categorized as a type of mountain village practice(18), a type of life environment improvement(8) and a type of forestry income(8) according by the itemized reports of the business expense investments. Second, the result of F-test(One Way ANOVA) for the average analysis by types showed that 3 out of 6 demands for the operation were significant differences and a supplementation necessity of the program was identified significant differences in p<0.01 level. The necessity of forestry resources use and sprawling development prevention are also showed significant differences among types in p<0.05 level. Third, F-test results from 7 questions of desired effects through mountain village creation project revealed that promotion and market security of forestry products and local patriotism instillation through a personal exchange are significant differences between types in p<0.05 level. Forth, the results of duplication benefits(the mountain village development projects and the village support programs with other departments) on the residents' development expectation found that when a village received a large number of projects, residents' expected effects were higher than other village residents where received relatively a small number of projects. However, the expected effects from the increasing quantities of projects were decreased.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.83-106
• /
• 2004

As the lifespan has been expanded, the marital relationship later in life is getting more important. This study is to find out what the demand for the education of marital couples to improve this relationship. The results can be used as basic data to develop educational programs for elder couples. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Couple role according to socio-demographic variables can be divided into traditional and modern roles. And these variables are shown to be significant in couple role. 2. Need for the education of married couples according to socio-demographic variables. In case of spouses having shorter marriage period, religion, and a nuclear family, and doing social activities, the necessity of education is recognized highly. Those who have a spouse with good health and social activities have experienced a chance to attend the educational program. It is thought that health and social activities have much to do with active living attitude. In case of old age, it can be thought that they don't feel the necessity because they have lived a decent life for a long time. It is just that it comes from the fixed ideas of elder couples who had to spend only a short time with their spouses. That is what elder couples have to overcome. They tend to think that the relationship between the family is more important than that of spouses, and they put family relationship before the quality of their own lives. 3. Influence of the need for the education of married couples according to their role. As their role are becoming modern and their mutual trust, affinity, and cohesion are getting more important, the education of married couples and the experiences of communication and participation in the educational program are thought to be more necessary.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.11-17
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between noise awareness, hearing ability, and dental hygiene performance in dental hygienists. Methods: The subjects were 234 dental hygienists in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. The questionnaire consisted of 3 questions of general characteristics of the subjects, 1 question of noise awareness, 3 questions of hearing ability, 5 questions of dental hygiene performance, 1 question of noise reduction necessity, and 2 questions of noise control. Noise awareness, dental hygiene performance, and noise reduction necessity were measured by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.825 in dental hygiene performance reliability. Results: There was a significant difference in noise recognition by age(p<0.01) and working career(p<0.05). Those who pumped up the higher TV volume accounted for 31.6% and 3.0% had hearing impairment in the regular health checkup. 3.4% of the respondents complained of hearing loss, ear fluid, and equilibrium problem diagnosed by the doctors. The relationship between the type of workplace environment and task performance showed a significant difference. Those who work in the dental hospitals had high score of 3.43, while those who work in dental clinics had 3.20(p<0.05). The increased level of noise recognition affected the task performance and it is necessary to reduce the noise level. More try must be focused on the noise exposure prevention. Conclusions: In order to reduce the problems due to noise and improve their quality of life, it is necessary to change the noise recognition in the work place.