• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.603-608
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• 2014

In the maritime traffic environment, the near-miss between vessels is the situation approaching on collision course but collision accident is not occurred. In this study, in order to calculate the near-miss between navigating vessels, the discriminating equation using ship bumper theory and vessel position clustering methods are proposed. Applying proposed module to the vessel trajectories of the WANDO waterway, we assessment navigational risk factors of vessel type, navigational speed, meeting situation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 2021

ICAO recommended that airspace monitoring and periodic safety assessments in each Contracting State ensure the stability of the airspace, since reducing the aircraft lateral and vertical separation intervals would rather increase the risk of collision. The target level of safety of the AKARA-FUKUE Corridor at the southern end of Jeju was 247×10^-9. In simple comparison, this means that the risk of an aircraft collision in this area (international safety standards, 5.0×10^-9) is about 50 times higher. The scope of this study is to organize the concept of terms, analyze the air traffic volume, the current status of navigational safety facility usage fees, and investigations of an aircraft collision risk in Jeju southern air corridor. Analyzing government policies and overseas evaluations, revising some of the existing contents, presenting some of the additional contents of new routes, and changing the instrument procedure for Korean-Chinese routes, change of arrive/departure route between Incheon Airport and Shanghai Airport, reduce the risk of aircraft collisions. We hope to restore airspace sovereignty, contribute to policies for the government to take the lead in solving this problem, and expect stability and operational efficiency in air traffic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.266-273
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• 2015

Keeping in mind that there are only limited social, economic and administrative resources for reducing marine casualties, the result of statistical survey showed the loopholes of safe maritime transport system, and rendered that most casualties occurred in coastal waters by human errors. When the IMO Marine Casualty Investigation Code was utilized to reveal any structural vulnerability of the international measures, IMO was required to expand its roles to enhance the interface between Liveware and Environment of SHEL model. So, several risk assessment models were studied and found that Maritime Safety Audit System of the Republic of Korea could be a good example of enhancing safe interface between navigators (Liveware) and the navigational circumstances (Environment). It could be dealt with at IMO level as a tool for applying at human error enforcing waters. International cooperative research for upgrading risk assessment modes should also be future terms of reference.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.239-245
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• 2016

In the midst of continuing international recession, the rate of maritime traffic and marine leisure markets are consistently growing. The Republic of Korea controls the marine traffic volume through vessel traffic centers and various other management facilities. Nevertheless, the continuous growth and complexity of marine traffic is resulting in repeated occurrences of marine accidents. Recovery is very difficult in cases of human injuries or deaths caused by marine accidents due to its nature, and the scale of marine accidents is also becoming greater with advanced ship building technologies. Passenger ships, oil tankers, and other such vessels used for specific purposes requires a more detailed navigational status surveillance and analysis, and numerous research has been conducted with an objective for monitoring such special purpose vessels. However, the data elements transmitted from the ocean to the shore station are limited to AIS and ARPA. We are implementing IoT ship sensor collection and a syncing system capable of transmitting various ship sensing data to the shore station, and also proposing a Safe Navigation Status Analysis System utilizing the collected data.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.279-284
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• 2012

This study aims to identify the degree of safety when mariners take their actions in several different situations. We have carried out many experiments to observe mariners' behavior and then measured the safety level based on their actions to avoid dangerous situations of ships collision. One of the most important actions that mariners have to take, either as their daily routine or when they are in a collision situation and then want to avoid that situation is the lookout. In this paper, behaviors on the lookout have been defined as a standard sequence of three steps which are "time of first detection", "time of recognition as risky vessel" and "time of starting avoiding action", and the suitability and applicability of the definition have been shown. And also we propose the risk assessment on ships collision and the recommendation for reducing ships collision at sea. Some analyzing results and the application of the results are reported. By combining these knowledge and some systematic studies, we propose the risk assessment on ships collision and the recommendation for reducing ships collision at sea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.62-63
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• 2009

A monitoring system of collision risk among multiple ships is newly-designed in order to reduce human error and make vessel traffic control more effective. By using AIS data as ships' navigational information, an estimation algorithm of collision risk among multiple ships is newly-designed. To consider ships' course of now and future, collision risks of multiple ships can be calculated by using fuzzy algorithm. To test the performance of new algorithm, replay simulations are carried out on actual AIS data collected from VTS center of Ulsan harbor in Korea. The AIS data include 25 ships' information for two hours. In this paper, the features of newly-designed estimation algorithm of collision risk and the results of replay simulation are discussed.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.253-259
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• 2014

Traffic risks in fairway and harbour area increase lately according to be a sharpe change of ship's size and speed. It becomes hot issue to design a fairway, which's width is important to lower traffic risk and ensure navigational safety. The current design making a fairway and width do not focus on maneuvering motion of a large ship, but traffic risks are clear on reflecting the design of fairway, specially on width. To contact with these problems, this research proposes how to determine fairway' width in consideration of traffic volume. it suggests several situations of marine traffic congestion as like narrow channel and harbour area. here uses 162 simulations in MTS Ver.1 developed. Acquired simulation's results, environmental stress dates, figure in a model that relates with required fairway' width and allowable traffic volume. In added, suggested model compares current design with an width.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 2005

In collision avoidance problem of a ship, collision risk model is usually set up using the interview results fron experts who sit on a simulator by varying parameters, in which DCPA and TCPA are commonly used. This method, however, has the weakness in that not only it is expensive but also it shows different results depending on the inerviewees and other navigational parameters. In this study, a fuzzy inference system is designed based on own ship's maneuverability verified fron simulation instead of interviewing navigators. The time and distance corresponding to the collision risk value on which avoidance maneuver should be started are set to the minimum marginal time at which own ship starts maneuvering and the minimum marginal distance suggested by marine traffic rules respectively. This system can be recorfigured as a nonlinearity-strengthened one by increasing the number of fuzzy membership functions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.185-186
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• 2014

전자해도 및 레이더와 같은 첨단운항시스템이 도입되고 있으나, 선박간의 충돌사고는 줄어들고 있지 않고 있으며 전체 사고의 30%를 차지하는 선박충돌사고의 80% 이상이 운항자의 실수에 의해 발생되고 있어, 이를 방지할 수 있는 지능적인 운항지원 시스템이 필요하다. 이를 위하여, 본 연구에서는 선박 충돌위험도 식별 정보를 활용하여 운항자에게 안전운항정보를 지원할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였다. 기존에 항해레이더에서는 운항자가 특정 선박을 지정하여야만 선박충돌여유거리 및 선박충돌여유시간 등의 충돌예방정보를 얻을 수 있으나, 신규로 개발된 시스템에서는 선박들 중에 충돌위험이 높은 선박들을 자동으로 식별하여 충돌예상선박들의 정보를 실시간으로 제공받을 수 있어, 충돌 전에 미리 사고를 예방하고 신속히 대처할 수 있다. 개발된 시스템은 선박에 탑재하여, 실해역 성능시험을 실시하였다. 본 논문에서는 선박 충돌 위험도 기반의 안전운항 지원 시스템의 특징과 실해역 시험결과에 대해 소개한다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.88-96
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• 2024

This study examined challenges posed by two ferry routes, namely, Likoni and Mtongwe crossings, in the Mombasa Channel and their impact on navigational safety. Utilizing the Environmental Stress (ES) model, this study analyzed current ship traffic and assessed stress levels imposed by ferry crossing traffic on navigators. ES values revealed significant stress at these ferry crossings attributed to varying transit speeds. Standardizing transit speeds at two ferry passages can reduce high stress levels, presenting a viable solution. Furthermore, the IWRAP Mk2 simulation underscores crossing collisions as a significant concern, particularly at Likoni and Mtongwe crossings, due to increased ferry traffic. This research offers valuable insights for stakeholders, such as the Kenya Ports Authority (KPA), to develop targeted safety measures and enhance the flow of ship traffic in the channel.