• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.253-257
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• 2009

Along with emergence of recent issues such as 'minimization of energy consumption' and 'natural environment and human health' amid the flow of requirements for nature-friendly architecture, attempts for boundary, which has a variety of possibilities as the intermediate territory between interior and exterior space of the architecture, have been pursued actively. On the ground of close relationships between urban area and architecture in a modern society, the boundary between interior and exterior is being exhibited in a wide variety of way of expressions, not as a single plane any longer. In line with this, researcher analyzed interior and exterior boundary according to its type targeting modern housing complex in Europe, and also investigated characteristics thereof. And, having provided the results as basic materials in order to seek amenity of local apartment houses and diversification of housing plan as well, the researcher intends to be of a help to bring physical changes in both building and exterior design, and also to give a new meaning in an environment-friendly aspect.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.143-153
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• 2018

The exhibition space is a concept that is used to extract only the function of exhibition in an art museum combined with various cultural facilities. It mediates works, audience, and space. Therefore, it is considered that the exhibition space will not only judge the space by the form of the building, but also the true meaning will appear when the exhibition, the space and the environment coexist. His exhibition space has a story from the outside to the inside and the exhibition. In this study, we try to understand the characteristics of his space by analyzing the way of organizing exhibition and exhibition in his exhibition space. As a result of analyzing the cases suggested on this thesis through this point of view, Ando Tadao represented characteristics of his own exhibition space by harmonizing the demand of each exhibition space with his architecture language. His exhibition space provides the experiential space in the harmony of the nature and artificiality as inpouring the nature into the complex traffic line. And, the exhibition is constituted as a result of fully considering the overall situation of the space environment. He tries uniting the space and art by interpreting the work in the space rather than arranging the works. Consequently, It gives visitors the direct space experience through the intentional traffic line and is becoming an exhibition space that can express the exhibition only in that space as constituting it differently in accordance with the character of work.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.162-165
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• 1998

This research has been made in order to evaluate and characterize wastewater from closed coalmines throughout the country. The characteristics of the wastewater from closed coalmines are affected greatly with geochemical nature and are not changed significantly with the lapse of time. Pollutants concentration profile could be divided into two groups below and above pH of around 5.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.264-272
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• 2012

For understanding the tourists' characteristics of several types of ecotourism sites, we surveyed and analyzed the demographic characteristics, travel motivations and cognition of damage in Bukhansan trail, Upo marshes, Jirisan trail and Uljin Keumgang pine tree trail. The field survey were conducted through face-to-face interviews. In the case of Bukhansan trail, many people came to build up their health, so the ratio of eco-tourists and the awareness of environmental damage was low. In Upo marshes, there were many group tourists who want to enhance friendship between the colleagues. And the ratio of eco-tourists, enjoying several activities such as observation or experience about the ecosystems of wetland and bird watching appeared high, but the cognition of tourists about the damage of natural environment was low because the flatland type tour site, Upo marshes has less damage factors comparing with mountain type tour sites. In Jirisan trail, eco-tourists, nature tourists and mass tourists appeared mixed and the cognition of damage was higher than that of flatland type. In the case of Uljin Keumgang pine tree trail, almost indices showed higher values than other sites because the tourists who visited there have high cognition of eco-tourism and nature conservation by limiting entrance. Tourists were generally accepted positively the control method such as collection of entrance fee and visitor reservation system when natural damages are expected.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.51-58
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to grasp the design characteristics of welfare facilities for the aged in Japan in order to establish the basic data for such facilities in Korea. In conclusion of analysis, the design characteristics of welfare facilities for the aged can be summarized as follows; the dignity of the individual, the privacy, the small group units, the sociopsychological support, the succession of regional and cultural factors, the nature, the safety, the interior materials for the old men, the improvement of staves' environment, the energy reduction and earth environment. The aged welfare equipments in Japan are her products which reflect the society and culture of Japan, therefore our efforts to convert them to equipments which are suitable to our culture and emotion are desired urgently.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2013

Foundation Beyeler museum located near Basel, Switzerland is one of the most-visited art museum of the world. Although the entire volume of the museum is not huge, its art collection as well as the well-known museum building designed by Renzo Piano deserve to attract many visitors. The initial design was started in 1991 when the city of Basel decided to fund and support the project. Through a couple of design stages, the museum was finally opened to public in 1997. There have been various research papers dealt with general design issues of Beyeler museum such as composition of exhibition spaces, and natural lighting. However, this paper aims to study the design methods and relationship between art, architecture and nature. Although the museum building is located on the site quietly, there are various specific design solutions to create unique spatial experience of art and nature at each parts. This study focuses on 4 parts of the museum that are located on the main circulation. How art, architecture and nature are integrated together is the main target of the analysis. The analysis is based on visual-perceptual experience and spatial configuration. In chapter 2, general background of the project was studied. In chapter 3, characteristics of the site's natural environment and Piano's design concept's were examined. In chapter 4, each parts were analyzed in detail with diagrams. In chapter 5 & 6, the spatial characteristics were compared together and the fundamental role of the museum architecture was concluded.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.44-52
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• 2011

Louisiana Museum of Modern Art near Copenhagen is the most visited art museum in Denmark. It was originally founded by the director of the time, Knud W. Jensen and designed by two Danish architects, Vilhelm Wohlert and J${\o}$rgen Bo. The first part of the museum was built and opened to the public in 1958. The first part consisted of just a few exhibition spaces and glass corridors. But museum has been expanded step by step into a large park-like museum throughout 40 years of time. Louisiana museum has a unique environment in which art, architecture and nature are inter-related together. There was a very clear background for this museum atmosphere that was created by Knud W. Jensen from the very beginning. He wanted to make 'a sculptural park' or 'a low pavilion in the park'. The concept of 'park' was the key element. The architects, especially Vilhelm Wohlert who studied at the western area of the United States and influenced by the bay area architecture as well as the oriental wooden structure, interacted with the director's idea fully and made an invisible architecture in which 'Experience of Space' is the most important aspect. This thesis aims to analyze several crucial spaces of the museum and to find a hidden design characteristics. Chapter 2&3 explains general backgrounds and main design philosophy. Chapter 4 studies each parts' spatial experience and design methods with 3-dimensional diagrams. Chapter 5 tries to make an overall design characteristics that underlines the whole museum environment. The significance of Louisiana museum is not only in the fact that it is the most visited, but also in the fact that the role of architecture is to make a better environment where human and art are harmonized together within nature. The utopian idea of the founder started in doubt almost 50 years ago has been already successful in this small but vibrant park.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Environmental Edudation Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.50-56
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• 2003

＃1 The Education from our Environment, The urgent subject for survival and prosperity in the future. - Around Yamaguchi in japan. - ＃2 Days of tour : January, 15, 2003 - January, 28, 2003 ＊ Comprehensive classes involved in ecosystems; Ryojo Elementary school, Guina Elementary school, Dabusei Junior High School, Ube Technical High School, Yashiro Elementary School, Toyota Nishi Junior High School, Seii Elementary School, Yamaguchi Prefectural School for the Mentally Impaired, Yamaguchi Institute for Educational Research and In-service Training, Kirara Beach Nature Watching Park ＃3 Characteristics of Yamaguchi Prefectural Environmental Education - Constant effort by concerned authorities and dedicated teachers - Cooperation of schools with community - Application of the comprehensive classes - Student-centered education through experiences - Acquirement of basic knowledge on environment in their daily lives - The harmony with the ability to survive' ＃4 Characteristics of the environmental education in each school $\square$ Ryojo Elementary School \longrightarrow Breeding the fireflies' larvae and releasing them into nature $\square$ Kuina Elementary School \longrightarrow Keeping the rivers clean $\square$ Yashiro Elementary School \longrightarrow Learning through exploring ‘Akiyoshido Cave’ $\square$ Seii Elementary School \longrightarrow Tree-planting campaign continued for 30 years $\square$ Tabuse Junior High School \longrightarrow Making their village good to live in $\square$ Toyota-Nishi Junior High School \longrightarrow Learning through working on the farm and in the forests $\square$ Ube Technical High School \longrightarrow Purifying the pond by the ‘biotope’ ＃5 Focus on Yashiro Elementary School \longrightarrow Children Guide Activity (25 hours annually) * To love their native place and tourists' attraction, Akiyoshidal * To introduce a variety of local events; - To make a fire in the mountains - To explore the cave - To hold a festival for tourists - To have a family-jointed bike riding ＃6 $\square$ conclusion - Gradual extension of environmental education * individuals \longrightarrow school \longrightarrow community - Finding the environmental problems around themselves and relating them with features of their community < Tips for the environmental education in the future > - Need for encouragement of more lively discussion in class - Expansive application of comprehensive classes to various areas

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.150-158
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• 2001

Maintenance open spaces and community development in large scale housing development is one of the most important issues. We(UDC) established a resident participation activity for maintenance and use open space with community development in Hachioji New Town from 1997. The purpose of this study is to establish resident participation activities for maintenance and use open space with community development in Hajichioji New Town, and to clarify the characteristics and to on sider about efficiency of the activity. We established Minamino Shizen-Juku as a methodology for maintenance and use open spaces at the same time Hachioji New Town was opened in 1997. The activity has continued by now in 2001. We conducted questionnaire survey to make sure efficiency and characteristics of the activity past three years. Minamino Shizen-Juku (nature friendly lessons) is a resident participation activity in Hachioji New Town. It was established in 1997 as soon as the new town was opened, this year is fifth since it was started. It has three objects. 1)Maintenance and use woody environment, 2) Community development, 3) Continuation and renewal native culture. And it has general course, three special courses and one extra course were established in the activity. 1) General course is an activity participated all of member. It's included farming experience in the native field and seasonal events. 2) Rice growing and woods maintenance course is rice growing and wild wood maintenance in the park as a series of annual farming activities. 3) Benefaction from farm course is started from planting spring vegetable at Mizukoshi(Leader of Minamino Shezen-Juku)'s field. There is the number of participant limit because of the area of the field. 4) Watching nature course is watching seasonal wild flowers, trees, animals and plants to know about native nature. 5) Extra program is programmed to know about native history and tradition. It's planned including participant's ideas. Not member can participate in this course too.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to discuss how traditional construction practices could be applied to school buildings. The spatial arrangement and constituents of Seoweon and Hyanggyo buildings were analyzed, and the spatial arrangement and ground plans of current schools were analyzed as well. As a result, it's found that how the characteristics of traditional architecture should be reflected in today's school design is one of critical matters that need an immediate attention. Based on the case study, there are some suggestions about the application of traditional construction techniques to school buildings: (1) The link between internal and external spaces should be stressed. The type of spatial configuration the could ensure nature accessibility is required. (2) The use of environment-friendly materials is recommended, and classrooms should be arranged in a way to let them function as multipurpose educational spaces. (3) It's not advisable to construct school buildings according to the sung-Confucianistic construction techniques of traditional educational institutions, but there should evidently be a change in tasteless school buildings, They should be built in small size and in consideration of harmony with nature and ecosystem, and boarding schools should be constructed in a more careful and discreet manner.