• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.1114-1124
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• 2001

The application of carbon dioxide as an attractive natural working fluid in air cooling and heating system is increasingly important in view of the CFC substitution problem. The thermal performance of compact evaporator was analyzed using section-by-section method. The effects of the two-dimensional nonuniformity of air flow through the evaporator is presented. The detrimental effect of the aid flaw nonuniformity on the thermal performance of the evaporator is found to be significant for many typical applications. It is shown that total heat transfer rate of evaporator using $CO_2$ is higher than that using R134a at the simulation conditions.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1821-1829
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• 2023

The temperature distribution of the reactor pool under natural circulation induced by the RVACS operation was experimentally studied. According to the Bo' based similarity law, which could reproduce the temperature distribution of the working fluid under natural circulation, SINCRO-2D facility was designed based on the PGSFR. It was reduced to 1 : 25 in length scale, having water as a simulant of the sodium, which is the original working fluid. In general, temperature was stratified, however, effect of the natural circulation flow could be observed by the entrainment of the stratified temperature. Relative cooling contribution of the upper plenum (narrow gap) and lower plenum was approximately 0.2 and 0.8, respectively. In the range of decay heat from 0.2% to 1.0%, only the magnitude of the temperature was changed, while the normalized temperature maintained. Boundary temperature distribution change made a global temperature offset of the pool, without a significant local change. Therefore, the decay heat and cooling boundary condition had no significant effect on temperature distribution characteristics of the pool within the given range of the decay heat and boundary temperature distribution.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.14-18
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• 2016

The power generation system using cold energy, which evolves in a large amount during the vaporization process of the liquefied natural gas, was designed in favor of the Rankine cycle with a mixed refrigerant as the working fluid. In this study it is intended to identify the allowable limits of the working fluid composition in respect of equipment safety in the Rankine cycle-type power generation system driven by the cold energy. The thermodynamic properties of the working fluid, which is a hydrocarbon mixture, were calculated with the Peng-Robinson model. In the steady state simulation of the power generation system by using a commercial tool Aspen HYSYS, the feed conditions of LNG Test Bed Train No.1 along with some necessary assumptions were incorporated. The results indicated that deterioration of the mechanical performance of the equipment as well as its safety would be brought about if contents of $C_2H_6$ and $C_3H_8$ in the mixture become, respectively, too high or too low.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.483-491
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• 2014

In this study, a thermodynamic analysis was carried out for a combined power generation system using a low-temperature heat source in the form of sensitive energy and liquefied natural gas cold energy. An ammonia-water mixture, which is a zeotropic mixture, was used as the working fluid, and systems with and without a regenerator were comparatively analyzed. The effects of the mass fraction of ammonia and the condensation temperature of the working fluid on the system variables, including the net work production, exergy destruction, and thermal and exergy efficiencies, are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the performance characteristics of the system varied sensitively with the ammonia concentration or condensation temperature of the working fluid. The system without regeneration was found to be better in relation to the net work per unit mass of the source fluid, whereas the system with regeneration was better in relation to the thermal or exergy efficiency.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3022-3029
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• 2015

This study presents experiments to visualize the internal flow and heat transfer characteristics of thermosyphon with immiscible of water-FC40 adopted as binary working fluid. Three different regimes depending on the amount of heat flux applied to the thermosyphon were observed: natural convection, pulse boiling, and continuous boiling. Boiling incipience took place in water, which has lower vapor pressure than FC40. During natural convection water was vaporized in liquid pool while liquid film flows were formed. On the other hand, meanwhile bubbles were generated in the liquid pool during pulse and continuous boiling, the binary working fluid of water-FC40 was observed as the mixture throughout a whole range of the thermosyphon.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.19-28
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• 2016

Objective of this study is to compare the inherent characteristics of natural convection flow inside the canister of spent fuel dry storage system with different backfill gases by utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. Four working fluids were selected for comparison study. Helium currently used backfill gas for canister, air, nitrogen, and argon are frequently used as coolant in many heat transfer applications. The results indicate that helium has very distinct conductive behavior and show very weak natural convective flow compared to the others. Argon showed the strongest natural convective flow but also the worst coolability. Air and nitrogen showed similar characteristics to each other. However, due to difference in Prandtl number, nitrogen showed more effective natural convective flow. These results suggest that experimental validation for the nitrogen is needed to investigate the potential coolability other than currently commercially used helium.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1475-1483
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• 2004

Loop thermosyphon(LTS) has many good characteristics such as low thermal resistance, no power consumption, noiseless operation and small size. To investigate the overall performance of LTS, we have performed various experiments varying three parameters: input power of the heater, working fluid(water, ethanol, FC3283) and filling ratio of the working fluid. At a combination of these parameters, temperature measurements are made at many locations of the LTS. The temperature difference between the evaporator and the condenser is used to obtain the thermal resistance. In addition, flow visualization using a high speed camera is carried out. The thermal resistance is not constant. It is lower at higher input power, which is one of the distinct merits of LTS. Flow instabilities are frequently observed when changing the working fluid, the input power and the filling ratio. The results show that the LTS can be readily put into practical use. Future practical application in electronic cooling is recommended.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.245-255
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• 2017

This paper is a study to estimate the noise generated by fluid around each machine in the basement and basement facilities that accept major noise factor, pump fluid mechanical equipment installed to evaluate the impact on the real working environment. In particular, the review of the reliability of complementary information and reliability predict the natural frequency for generating a maximum strain when the vibration analysis, and intended to ensure that the design to avoid a natural frequency of the structure, on the basis of the this analysis result to the subject a real building.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2019

In this paper, the power generation efficiency increase has been studied for a Rankine cycle using both supercritical carbon dioxide as a working fluid and LNG as a coolant with PRO/II with PROVISION release 10.0 from Aveva company. Peng-Robinson equation of the state model with Twu's alpha function was selected for the modeling of the power generation cycle using LNG cold heat. Power generation efficiency was increased from 24.82% to 57.76% when using LNG as a coolant for supercritical carbon dioxide power generation cycle.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.969-978
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• 2013

A full-sized model for the horizontally oriented metal cask containing 21 spent fuel assemblies has been considered to evaluate the internal natural convection behavior within a dry shield canister (DSC) filled with helium as a working fluid. A variety of two-dimensional CFD numerical investigations using a turbulent model have been performed to evaluate the heat transfer characteristics and the velocity distribution of natural convection inside the canister. The present numerical solutions for a range of Rayleigh number values ($3{\times}10^6{\sim}3{\times}10^7$) and a working fluid of air are further validated by comparing with the experimental data from previous work, and they agreed well with the experimental results. The predicted temperature field has indicated that the peak temperature is located in the second basket from the top along the vertical center line by effects of the natural convection. As the Rayleigh number increases, the convective heat transfer is dominant and the heat transfer due to the local circulation becomes stronger. The heat transfer characteristics show that the Nusselt numbers corresponding to $1.5{\times}10^6$ < Ra < $1.0{\times}10^7$ are proportional to 0.5 power of the Rayleigh number, while the Nusselt numbers for $1.0{\times}10^7$ < Ra < $8.0{\times}10^7$ are proportional to 0.27 power of the Rayleigh number. These results agreed well with the trends of the experimental data for Ra > $1.0{\times}10^7$.