• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
• /
• pp.1053-1059
• /
• 2009

In this study, slope hazards mitigation methods for a natural terrain are systematically classified to survey the mitigation methods and develop a data base system. Also, field survey sheets which can be recorded the features of mitigation methods installed in the natural slope are developed. The slope hazards mitigation methods in the natural slope are classified as hillside part method and valley part method. The slope part sheet and the valley part sheet are also drawn up for field survey. As the result of the filed survey of mitigation methods about 50 points in Muju and Jangsu area, grass painting and slope covering methods are dominant in case of slopes part. In case of valley part, slit dam, concrete check dam and slope foot barrier are applied simultaneously.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.637-642
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 이러한 설치류 기피제로의 안전성과 친환경적인 소재를 발굴하기 위하여 향이 좋고 기능성이 풍부한 천연오일 13가지를 이용하여 설치류 기피제에 적용가능성에 대해 연구하였다. 먹이 섭취저해율과 서식지 기피활성 시험에서, 세이지(SS), 레몬그라스(CC)에서 높은 기피력을 확인하였다. 또한 설치류에 기피활성이 좋은 4가지 정유를 선발하여 8가지 Gram (-)과 Gram (+)균에 대한 항균활성을 평가한 결과 CC, CZ, SA, SS 에서 몇가지 균을 제외한 대부분의 균에 대한 항균활성을 확인하였다. 따라서 이들 오일을 이용하여 새로운 형태의 기피제로서의 개발이 가능하다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2005

수원시 이목동에 있는 원예연구소의 사과원에서 조사한 1958년부터 1998년까지 자료를 바탕으로 사과응애와 점박이응애의 역사적 발생변동 과정을 추적하였다. 1970년까지는 사과응애가 우점하였고 1980년 이후에는 점박이응애로 우점종이 바뀌었으며, 그 변화는 1970년 중반을 전후로 나타났다. 이러한 변화를 설명하기 위하여 3가지 가정, 즉 첫째, 두 종의 경쟁에서 점박이응애가 승리한다. 둘째, 과원의 초생은 점박이응애의 수상이동 여부를 결정하는 중요한 요소이다, 즉 초생이 파괴되었을 때 점박이응애의 수상이동이 촉진된다. 셋째, 과원생태계가 교란되지 않을 때 응애류는 천적에 의하여 개체군 밀도가 조절된다 하에 약제살포(고독성 비선택적 약제 처리 및 선택적 저독성 약제처리)와 초생관리(초생재배 및 청경재배=제초제 살포)에 따른 두 종의 장기적 상호작용 결과를 추정하였다. 고독성 농약/초생재배 시스템에서는 점박이응애의 수상이동이 제한되어 사과응애는 경쟁을 피할 수 있고, 또한 천적상이 파괴되기 때문에 전 생육기간 동안 사과응애가 우점한다. 고독성 농약/청경재배 시스템에서는 계절초기부터 점박이응애가 수상으로 이동하여 사과응애를 경쟁적으로 배제시킴으로써 점박이응애가 우점한다. 저독성 농약/초생재배 시스템에서는 점박이응애의 수상이동이 제한되어 사과응애가 우점하지만 천적의 작용으로 높은 밀도를 형성하지 못한다. 저독성 농약/청경재배 시스템에서는 점박이응애가 수상으로 이동하여 사과응애와 경쟁하지만 천적의 작용으로 밀도가 낮아져서 경쟁압력이 낮아지므로 생육후기 사과응애의 발생이 가능하다. 따라서 계절초기 사과응애, 계절후기 점박이응애가 우점하는 형태로 공존할 수 있다. 본 자료에서 제시한 점박이응애 우점화 현상은 부분적으로 고독성 농약/청경재배 시스템 상태에서 두 종의 장기적 상호작용의 결과로 설명될 수 있었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.301-306
• /
• 1989

국토(國土)의 대부분(大部分)을 차지하고 있는 산지(山地) 토양자원(土壤資源)을 농업적(農業的)으로 활용(活用)하기 위(爲)하여 초지조성(草地造成) 예정지(豫定地)(1983년(年))의 환경조건(環境條件) 및 토양(土壤)의 물리화학성(物理化學性)을 밝혀내고 이들 조사자료(調査資料)를 분석(分析)하여 산지개발(山地開發) 및 초지조성시(草地造成時)의 합리적(合理的) 이용관리(利用管理)에 쓰일 基礎資料를 얻고저 실시(實施)했던바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 초지조성(草地造成) 대상지(對象地)는 표고(標高) 200m이하(以下)가 50.2%이었으며 유기물함양(有機物含量)은 표고(標高)가 높을수록 많았다. 2. 우점식생(優占植生)은 억새, 새, 솔새등(等) 장초형(長草型) 초종(草種)이 71.3%로 거의 대부분(大部分)을 차지하였다. 3. 초지조성시(草地造成時) 문제(問題)가 되는 사토(砂土)와 식토(埴土)는 3.3%에 불과하였고 20cm이상(以上)의 유효토심(有效土深)을 가진 대상지(對象地)는 94%, 석력함량(石礫含量) 10%미만(未滿)도 60.5%로서 대부분(大部分)의 토양(土壤)들이 초지조함(草地造咸)이 가능(可能)하였다. 4. 초지조성(草地造成) 대상지(對象地)의 주요(主要) 화학성분양(化學成分量)은 기존초지(旣存草地)에 비하여 각(各) 성분(成分) 모두 낮으며 특(特)히 유효인산(有效燐酸)은 매우 낮았다. 5. 10a당(當) 시비양(施肥量)은 채초지(採草地)일때 질소(窒素) 28.6, 인산(燐酸) 27.1, 가리(加里) 22.4, 석회(石灰) 204kg이었고 방목지(放牧地)는 각각(各各) 20.1, 20.4, 13.6, 192kg이었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제40권7호
• /
• pp.639-649
• /
• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the effects of very low calorie diet (VLCD) using meal replacements that contain the wild grass extracts based on Samul-tang ingredients on psychological factors and quality of life in the obese women $(BMI{\geq}25kg/m^2)$ for four weeks. Seventy five women $(20{\leq}age<26)$ participated in this experiment. Subjects were randomly classified three groups: 1) General diet group (GD roup, n=27) consumed 3 regular meals within 600 kcal/day 2) Meal replacements group (MR group, n=27) consumed 1 regular meal and 2 meal replacements within 600 kcal/day 3) Herbal Meal replacements group (HMR group, n=27) consumed 1 regular meal and 2 meal replacements within 600 kcal/day. Physical factors (weight, BMI, fat (%)) of the HMR group significantly decreased more than those of GD and MR groups. Moreover, binge eating habit and environmental factors (surrounding support, emotional reaction, expression of opinion) of the HMR group significantly decreased more than those of GD and MR groups. Psychological factor and quality of life were no significant differences among three groups during the experimental period, because both were significantly decreased in all groups after 4 weeks. Therefore, very low calorie diet using meal replacements that contain the wild grass extracts based on Samul-tang ingredients for 4 weeks was effective on improvement of psychological factor and quality of life as well as weight reduction in the obese premenopausal women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제38권9호
• /
• pp.739-749
• /
• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the effects of very low calorie diet (VLCD) using newly meal replacements that contain the wild grass extracts based on Samul-tang ingredients on weight reduction and health in the obese adult women ($BMI{\geq}25\;kg/^2$) for four weeks. Seventy five women participated in this experiment. Subjects were randomly classified three groups: 1) General Diet group (GD group, n=25) consumed 3 regular meals within 600 kcal/day, 2) Meal replacements group (MR group, n=25) consumed 1 regular meal and 2 meal replacements within 600 kcal/day, 3) Herbal Meal replacements group (HMR group, n=25) consumed 1 regular meal and 2 meal replacements within 600 kcal/day. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, biochemical measurements and body symptoms were assessed before (the initial) and after (the 4th week) the study. Anthropometry measurements such as weight, waist and hip circumference, and BMI and body composition such as body fat percent, fat mass significantly decreased in all groups after diet intervention. Anthropometric measurements and body composition of the ]lim group significantly decreased more than those of GD and MR groups. Serum Total cholesterol was significantly decreased in all groups. However, there was no significant difference among three groups during the experimental period. HMR group had significantly less felt a pain than GD and MR groups in body symptoms such as anemia, powerlessness, vomiting, constipation and dryness of skin during the experimental period. Therefore, very low calorie diet (VLCD) using meal replacements that contain the wild grass extracts based on Samul-tang ingredients was very effective on weight reduction and health in the obese adult women.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.451-461
• /
• 1997

The soil NO flux measurements in Korea were made from 17 May 1997 to 16 June 1997 on grass land at Kunsan National University in southwestern Korea by using flow-through chamber technique. The experiment was conducted in an effort to determine the role of natural emissions of NO on rural atmospheric photochemistry, and to understand the soil NO emission mechanism with respect to soil parameters. Soil NO fluxes were measured every minutes and averaged in every 15 minutes as well as soil temperature. Soil samples were analyzed for $NO_3^-, NH_4^+$, and moisture in soil. Soil nitrate was not detected in most times, and total N-containing was limited in site soils. There was a optimum range of soil moisture and temperature for soil NO flux. The overall average of soil NO emission rates were found to be 1.30 $\pm 0.92 ngNm^{-2}s^{-1}$ (n=1219), and ranged from 0.01 ngNm^{-2}s^{-1}$ to 5.62 ngNm^{-2}s^{-1}$. Diurnal variation of soil NO emission was typical, which was in higher level during daytime, and was in lower level over the night. NO flux showed a strong soil temperature dependence $(r^2=0.78)$, but not with soil moisture and soil N-containing during this experimental period; NO fluxes increased exponentially as soil temperature increased. In order to assure the relevant relationship between soil NO flux and the soil parameters, long-term soil flux measurement on different types of land use should be planned and conducted continuously.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제39권9호
• /
• pp.79-93
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study is to develop the creative play environments for children. Physical environment is very important for play of child. Play activities of chad depends on materials and resources of physical environment around housing. To achieve the purpose of the study, following research questions are performed: 1) to investigating the play environments and its maintainence in Daejon 2) examining and analyzing the contents, safety, and functions of the playgrounds selected based on above findings 3) suggesting the creating play environments for child. Eighteen playground were selected and evaluated objectively by trainned personnel; the subjects(55children and 39adults) who used the playgrounds evaluated the playground subjectively. The results were as fellows: 1) Playgrounds selected in this study were conventional playgrounds, in which child can only do simple physical activities. The playground has installed fixed equipment in a row, in an effort to utilize whatever space available. However, such places are neither developmentally or economically sound. 2) The playgrounds evaluated in this study were very poor in matter of content, safety, and functions. The playgrounds lacks play materials, equipment, national features, storage, and do not follow national safety guidelines and standards. 3) The playground should offer much wider variety of natural material- textures including grass, dirt, stone, brick, plastic, metal, bark, leaves, sand, water, and a larger variety of plants, gardens, natural areas, and animals.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.230-235
• /
• 1991

일년생과 다년생식물의 생육환경으로써 토양인산 수준의 영향에 관하여 검토하였다. 1. 일년생의 IRG(Italian ryegrass)와 다년생의 PRG (Perennial ryegrass) 모두 인산시비량이 많을수록 초장이 길어지는 경향을 나타내었다. 2. 2년차 이후는 모든 처리구에서 PRG가 IRG에비하여 건물량이 많았다. 3. 다P처리에 대한 무P처리의 P수량 비율은 1년째부터 3년째에 걸쳐 IPG의 경우 건물량과 같이 매년비율이 커지는 것에 대하여 PRG의 경우는 매년 오히려 처리간의 차가 작아지는 경향을 나타냈다. 4. 다년생의 PRG는 일년생의 IRG에 비하여 고인산환경하에서 보다 저인산 환경하에서의 생육이 유리하여지는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.75-92
• /
• 2003

Organic livestock farming in northern European regions has been expanded with the major animals of large ruminants using pastures and grass silages. Organic livestock farming in some European countries has been in rather short of productivity compared to the conventional livestock farming, however since the gap of productivity between organic and conventional livestock farming has been reported to be reduced when the efficiency of management would improve, organic livestock farming has a potential to develop as a clean livestock farming in the future. We expect that organic livestock farming be propelled to a future model of livestock farming in Korea too. As the schemes for realization of organic livestock farming in Korea, firstly a system for the consistent supply of organic feed should be established. Mountainous areas that represents 63 % of total area of Korea could be utilized for the production of organic forages. Uncultivated rice paddy and upland agricultural field could also be used for this purpose. The active application of organic agricultural by-products such as organic rice straw, organic rice bran and SO forth can be considered for organic livestock farming. Secondly, the replacement of anti-biotics for the management of animal diseases should be developed using natural products. Plants and microbes would be good sources of natural products. Thirdly, the realization of organic livestock farming may require a system for certification of the organic farms and consequently the experts to work on.