• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2020

To overcome the harmful effects caused by conventional oxidative hair dyes, natural colorants becomes more popular in the hair dyeing. By extracting Sagassum fusiforme powders with aqueous alkaline solution as a solvent at 130℃ for 60 minutes, a fucoxanthin concentration of up to 216㎍/ml can be obtained. UV/Vis analysis was used to prove the presence of fucoxanthin in the extract powder. A K/S value of 23.8 can be obtained when wool fabrics were dyed with the extract at 120℃ for 60 minutes under pH 2. The color fastness properties of the dyed wool fabrics were very good as indicated by rating 4 for laundering(color change), rating 3 or higher for rubbing, and rating 5 for light irradiation. The dyed wool fabric was found to have antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the Sagassum fusiforme extract can be an effective functional hair colorant. Hair dyeing with the extract formulation at 45℃ for 40 minutes under pH 5 accomplished a K/S value of 8.9. The color fastness of the dyed hair showed rating 3 against light irradiation, which increased to rating 5 with after-mordanting of tannin acid.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.14
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• pp.81-89
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• 2013

This study concerns UV-Vis spectrophotometry and 3D-fluorescence spectrophotometry analysis of textile parts of blue and green tones dyed with indigo of blue tone and turmeric, gardenia, goldthread and amur cork tree of yellow tone. In order to verify whether the kinds of textiles affected analysis result of each dye, silk and cotton textile samples were produced. According to the analysis of the degree of reflection of UV-Vis spectrophotometry, unique reflection spectrum of indigo appeared regardless of the kinds of textiles when they were dyed with indigo. As for textiles of green tone, the 3D-fluorescence spectroscopic analysis result showed that unique spectrums of yellow dyes, turmeric, goldthread and amur cork tree appeared regardless of the kinds of textiles but the fluorescence spectrums of gardenia and indigo did not appear.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.977-983
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• 2002

This study was performed to establish the precise and rapid method to distinguish croakers through the pigment analysis of colored imported white croakers for adultration. We surveyed the coloring behaviors, extraction test by water and organic solvent and using pigments such as targeting, curcumine, and azo dye products. The pigment of yellow croaker is not stained on wet cloth or tissue which is rubbed on epidermis of yellow croaker and was not eluted in water extraction test, while adulterated pigments were easily extracted by water and acetone, but edible diluted yellow, Yellow No. 4 and Yellow No. 5 were not extracted. Reactive pigment was detected easily by extraction with water and dispersed pigment was also detected by extraction test. As a result of discoloring characteristics of carotene having similar structure to yellow croaker and azo dye by oxidation and reduction, azo dyes were not discolored by oxidation with sodium percarbonate or peracetic acid but that were discolored by oxidation with Fenton reagent after 1hr and by hypochlorite promptly. On the other hand, carotenes were not discolored by sodium precarbonate and Fenton reagent but discolored by sodium hypochlorite after 2 hr and by peracetic acid promptly. Azo dyes were discolored by reduction with sodium hydrosulfite and sodium carbonate but carotenes were not discolored by these reagents. This discoloring test was applicable to detect adulterated pigments and other marine product.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.80-97
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• 2023

By taking wallpaper specimens from Gyeongbokgung Palace, Changdeokgung Palace, and Chilgung Palace preserved from the late Joseon Dynasty to the present, we planned in this study to determine the types and characteristics of the paper used as wallpaper in the Joseon royal family. First, we confirmed the features of paper hanging in the palaces with old literature on the wallpaper used by the royal family based on archival research. Second, we conducted a field survey targeting the royal palaces whose construction period was relatively clear, and analyzed the first layer of wallpaper directly attached to the wall structure after sampling the specimens. Therefore, we confirmed that the main raw material was hanji, which was used as a wallpaper by the royal family, and grasped the types of substances(dyes and pigments) used to produce a blue color in spaces that must have formality by analyzing the blue-colored paper. Based on the results confirmed through the analysis, we checked documents and the existing wallpaper by comparing the old literature related to wallpaper records of the Joseon Dynasty palaces. We also built a database for the restoration of cultural properties when conserving the wallpaper in the royal palaces. We examined the changes in wallpaper types by century and the content according to the place of use by extracting wallpaper-related contents recorded in 36 cases of Uigwe from the 17th to 20th centuries. As a result, it was found that the names used for document paper and wallpaper were not different, thus document paper and wallpaper were used without distinction during the Joseon Dynasty. And though there are differences in the types of wallpaper depending on the period, it was confirmed that the foundation of wallpaper continued until the late Joseon Dynasty, with Baekji(white hanji), Hubaekji(thick white paper), jeojuji(common hanji used to write documents), chojuji(hanji used as a draft for writing documents) and Gakjang(a wide and thick hanji used as a pad). As a result of fiber identification by the morphological characteristics of fibers and the normal color reaction(KS M ISO 9184-4: Graph "C" staining test) for the first layer of paper directly attached to the palace wall, the main materials of hanji used by the royal family were confirmed and the raw materials used to make hanii in buildings of palaces based on the construction period were determined. Also, as a result of analyzing the coloring materials of the blue decorative paper with an optical microscope, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic analysis(UV-Vis), and X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD), we determined that the type of blue decorative paper dyes and pigments used in the palaces must have formality and identified that the raw materials used to produce the blue color were natural indigo, lazurite and cobalt blue.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2006

pH dependent K/S values, Hue, Value, and Chroma change of the hot-water and alkali extract of Boehmeria tricuspis have investigated as a part of the studies on natural dye resources. Maximum optical absorption of the dyed cotton, Korean paper, and silk with the extract were observed at 400 nm. According to the result of pH dependent K/S values change, it tended to increase as pH decreased except for the silk and there was no change near pH 7. For Hue, the materials dyed with hot-water and alkali extract indicated YR and R color, respectively. The change in Value of the dyed materials tended to increase, whereas Chroma of them decreased as the pH moved to alkali conditions although there were no significant changes near pH 7. As a result, it is considered that the optimum pH would be 7 when the mentioned materials are dyed with Boehmeria tricuspis extract.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.188-193
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• 2012

This study was designed to evaluate to acute oral toxicity and skin irritation of Chrysanthemum dye in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. SD rats were orally treated with Chrysanthemum dye at a dose of 0, 1 and 2 ml/kg body weight. After oral administration, the rats were observed for 14days. In primary skin irritation test, SD rats were dermally treated with Chrysanthemum dye and observed for 3 days. To ensure the safety of Chrysanthemum dye such as the following were observed and tested. We examined the body weight, the feed intake, the clinical signs, the ophthalmological test, the histopathological test, the mortality and skin irritation. As a result, no significant differences were found in body weight, feed intake and histopathological test between control and Chrysanthemum dye treated group. In the result of skin irritation test, Chrysanthemum dye did not induce erythema and edema after topical application. Primary irritation index was "0" in the test. Therefore, it is suggested that Chrysanthemum dye has no effect on acute toxicity and side effect in SD rats and is non-irritant material based on the score "0" of primary irritation index.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.120-134
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• 2021

A Woolen carpet from the late Joseon Dynasty was unearthed in the process of repairing Seongjeonggak in Changdeokgung. Since relics are rarer than documentary records, the woolen carpet is highly valued as a relics. It is presumed to have been woven in the late 19th or early 20th century because there is a record of repairing Seongjeonggak in 1907. In the carpet, a pattern is made by inserting colored yarn dyed yellow and red onto a reddish-purple ground weave. The selvage of the woolen carpet used cotton thread, and jute is used for the warp and weft of the ground weave. The colored patterns is made of wool in the form of loop pile. Cut piles may appear occasionally when the colored yarn changes, but are almost invisible from the surface because they are pressed tightly with a shuttered weft. Making carpets with jute and wool is thought to be influenced by the Brussels carpets of the mid-18th century. Furthermore, the woolen carpet is torn and the pattern is completely unclear; however, it is understandable that the pattern is partially repeated. Microscopic and Fourier transform-Infrared spectrometer(FT-IR) analyses were performed for the above investigation. To identify the dyes used in relics, we compared them with natural dyed fabric samples based on chromaticity measurements and Ultraviolet/Visible spectrophotometer(UV-Vis) analysis. These analyses revealed that the woolen carpet's dyed green yarn did not use indigo, and reddish-purple ground weave is estimated to have used Caesalpinia sappan.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 1987

The antilipidperoxidative effects of Brazilin and Hematoxylin were investigated at the levels of liver~total homogenates, -microsomal fraction, -mitochondrial fraction and the sera of SD-rats intoxicated with $CCl_4$ and ethanol. Both natural dyes markedly inhibited the lipidperoxidation induced by $CCl_4$ and ethanol. Brazilin and Hematoxylin showed the inhibitory effects on the both enzymatic (NADPH-dependent) and nonenzymatic (Ascorbate-induced) lipidperoxidation pathways. but it is supposed that the antilipidperoxidative powers of them mainly result from the inhibition of the nonenzymatic lipidperoxidation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.598-605
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• 2001

The study that has been conducted is the consideration of the durability of dye, antibacterial activity, and deodorizing effects of cotton and silk textiles dyed with a botanical dying material that has been used in various ways over the years as Korean diet and folk remedies, the pomegranate. 1. The results of the K/S value of dying according to the types of mordants of textiles dyed with pomegranate extract the following have been discovered: The increase of K/S value of dying of the silk textiles appear to be higher than that of the cotton textiles. Next, silk textiles that have been treated with FeSO$_4$.7$H_2O$ appear to be at the highest. 2. The results of the color change measurement show a difference of color can be noticed according to the types of mordant. As opposed to those textiles that had been only scured textiles, all of the dyed textiles appeared to turn yellow. 3. Textiles that had been treated with $K_2$Cr$_2$O(sub)7 recorded the highest durability according to the colorfastness to light results. In the case of the cotton textiles colorfastness to washing, all appeared to show exceptional results of 3rd class or higher, excluding the textiles that had been treated FeSO$_4$.7$H_2O$. However silk textiles recorded relatively low classes of below 3rd to 4th class. For the colorfastness to washing of pollution, the results for both the cotton and silk textiles were excellent at class 4-5. The results of colorfastness to perspiration, colorfastness to rubbing, and colorfastness to dry cleaning showed comparatively exceptional results of 3rd to 4th class or higher when it came to dyed textiles. 4. According to the measurements of antibiosis, dyed textiles that had been treated with SnCl$_2$.2$H_2O$ appeared to show an exceptional bacterium decrease of approximately 70%. 5. According to the deodorizing measurements, dyed silk textiles appeared to have a higher deodorizing effect than cotton textiles. As for cotton textiles, those that had been treated with FeSO$_4$.7$H_2O$ and in the case of dyed silk textiles those that had been treated SnCl$_2$.2$H_2O$ recorded the highest deodorizing effect.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.22-27
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• 2006

K/S values, Hue, Value, and Chroma changes of the hot-water and alkali extract of Boehmeria tricuspis have investigated to obtain an optimum dyeing conditions. Maximum optical absorption of the cotton, Hanji, and silk dyed with the extract were observed at 400 nm. The K/S value of the dyed silk was higher than those of other materials in the treatments with the temperature and time condition and there was not much changes in the treatments near $80\;^{\circ}C$ and 40 minutes. Also, the K/S value of the dyed silk was drastically increased as the concentration of the dye was increased. In the treatments with temperature and time condition, Hue of the materials dyed with alkali extracts resulted in YR color, whereas materials dyed with hot-water extracts provided R color. In the time and temperature condition of treatment, there were no significant changes in the samples treated near $80\;^{\circ}C$ and 40 minutes. The Value and Chroma of the dyed materials were not significantly changed. As a result, it is suggested that the optimum temperature, time, and concentration of dye would be $80\;^{\circ}C$, 40 minutes, and 100%, respectively, when cotton, Hanji, and silk are dyed with Boehmeria tricuspis extract.