• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2011

Recently natural disasters such as the frequency and intensity of drought have been increasing as a result of climate change. This study suggests a drought index, WADI (Water Availability Drought Index), that considers water availability using 6 components (water intake, groundwater level, agricultural reservoir water level, dam inflow, streamflow, and precipitation) using the Z score and data monitoring on a nationwide level. SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) was applied in coastal area. For the severe droughts of 2001 spring and 2008 autumn, the index was evaluated by comparison with reported damage areas. suggested to combine The spatial concordance rate of WADI in 2001 and 2008 for estimation of the degree of drought severity was 50 % and 24 % compared to the actual recorded data respectively.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2006

A hydrological drought index, MSWSI (Modified Surface Water Supply Index) was suggested based on SWSI (Surface Water Supply Index). With the available data of spatially distributed observation station of precipitation, dam storage, stream water level and natural groundwater level, South Korea was divided into 32 regions. This was conducted to represent the calculated index as a spatially distributed information. Monthly MSWSI was evaluated for the period of 1974 and 2001. It is necessary to compare this result with PDSI (Palmer Drought Severity Index) and SPI (Standard Precipitation Index), and check the applicability of the suggested index in our hydrological drought situation.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Remote sensing products have long been used to monitor and forecast natural disasters. Satellite-derived rainfall products are becoming more accurate as space and time resolution improve, and are widely used in areas where measurement is difficult because of the periodic accumulation of images in large areas. In the case of North Korea, there is a limit to the estimation of precipitation for unmeasured areas due to the limited accessibility and quality of statistical data. CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations) is global satellite-derived rainfall data of 0.05 degree grid resolution. It has been available since 1981 from USAID (U.S. Agency for International Development), NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). This study evaluates the applicability of CHIRPS rainfall products for South Korea and North Korea by comparing CHIRPS data with ground observation data, and analyzing temporal and spatial drought trends using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), a meteorological drought index available through CHIRPS. The results indicate that the data set performed well in assessing drought years (1994, 2000, 2015 and 2017). Overall, this study concludes that CHIRPS is a valuable tool for using data to estimate precipitation and drought monitoring in Korea.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2019년도 학술발표회
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• pp.364-364
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• 2019

최근 전세계적으로 기후변화로 인한 국내외 가뭄에 대한 피해 및 발생 빈도가 점차 증가하고 있으며, 우리나라의 경우 2000년대 이후 가뭄 주기가 점점 짧아져 2013년 이후 매년 가뭄이 발생하고 있다. 북한은 자연재해에 취약한 국가이며 특히 가뭄으로 인한 식량난 문제가 대두되고 있지만, 북한의 제한적인 정보로 인해 북한 지역에서의 가뭄의 발생과 피해 정보는 한정적이고, 활용할 수 있는 자료의 경우 외국 기관의 정보에 의존하는 실정이다. 향후 농업부문에 대한 대북한 지원과 통일 후를 대비한 농업정책의 수립을 위하여 북한의 가뭄에 대하여 독자적으로 신속한 정보를 취득, 분석할 수 있는 능력을 확보하는 것이 필요하다. 위성영상을 이용한 원격탐사 기술은 접근이 용이하지 못한 지역의 주기적인 관측이 가능하며, 동일한 정확도로 기상자료의 획득이 가능하다. Vegetation Drought Response Index (VegDRI)는 위성영상기반의 가뭄지수인 정규식생지수(Nomalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI), 기상학적 가뭄지수를 활용한 기후적 요소, 토지피복 및 생태지역 등의 생물물리학적 요소를 활용한 가뭄지표이다. 본 연구에서는 MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 위성의 MOD13Q1 영상자료의 NDVI (2001~2018년)를 이용하였으며, 북한의 기상자료를 이용한 표준강수지수 (Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI)와 파머가뭄심도지수 (Palmer Drought Severity Index, PDSI), 그리고 북한 지역의 토지피복 및 생태지역 등의 요소들을 활용한 VegDRI를 통하여 북한의 가뭄 시기에 따른 시도별 가뭄 특성에 대하여 분석하고자 한다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2018

The extreme 2017 spring drought affected a large portion of central and western South Korea, and was one of the most climatologically driest spring seasons over the 1961-2016 period of record. This drought was characterized by exceptionally low precipitation, with total precipitation from January to June being 50% lower than the mean normal precipitation (1981-2010) over most of western South Korea. In this study, for the quantitative drought impact analysis, the widely-used Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the statistical drought frequency are compared with observed meteorological characteristics and anomalies. According to the drought frequency analysis of monthly cumulative precipitation during January and May in 2017, Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheong-do, and Jeollanam-do areas showed more than drought frequency over 100 years. Gyeongsangnam-do area showed more than drought frequency over 200 years based on annual precipitation in 2017. The South Korean government (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) and Korea Rural Community Corporation (KRC)) have been operating a government-level drought monitoring system since 2016. Results from this study can be used to improve the drought monitoring applications of future drought events, as well as drought planning and preparedness in South Korea.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2020

Drought is considered as a devastating hazard that causes serious agricultural, ecological and socio-economic impacts worldwide. Fundamentally, the drought can be defined as temporarily different levels of inadequate precipitation, soil moisture, and water supply relative to the long-term average conditions. From no unified definition of droughts, droughts have been divided into different severity level, i.e., moderate drought, severe drought, extreme drought and exceptional drought. The drought severity classification defined the ranges for each indicator for each dryness level. Because the ranges of the various indicators often don't coincide, the final drought category tends to be based on what the majority of the indicators show and on local observations. Evaporative Stress Index (ESI), a satellite-based drought index using the ratio of potential and actual evaporation, is being used as a index of the droughts occurring rapidly in a short period of time from studies showing a more sensitive and fast response to drought compared to Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). However, ESI is difficult to provide an objective drought assessment because it does not have clear drought severity classification criteria. In this study, U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM), the standard for drought determination used in the United States, was applied to ESI, and the Percentile method was used to classify drought categories by severity. Regarding the actual 2017 drought event in South Korea, we compare the spatial distribution of drought area and understand the USDM-based ESI by comparing the results of Standardized Groundwater level Index (SGI) and drought impact information. These results demonstrated that the USDM-based ESI could be an effective tool to provide objective drought conditions to inform management decisions for drought policy.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

In recent years, climate change has been responsible for unusual weather patterns on a global scale. Droughts, natural disasters triggered by insufficient rainfall, can inflict significant social and economic consequences on the entire agricultural sector due to their widespread occurrence and the challenge in accurately predicting their onset. The frequency of drought occurrences in South Korea has been rapidly increasing since 2000, with notably severe droughts hitting regions such as Incheon, Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Chungbuk, and Gyeongbuk in 2015, resulting in significant agricultural and social damage. To prepare for future drought occurrences resulting from climate change, it is essential to develop long-term drought predictions and implement corresponding measures for areas prone to drought. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report outlines a climate change scenario under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), which integrates projected future socio-economic changes and climate change mitigation efforts derived from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6). SSPs encompass a range of factors including demographics, economic development, ecosystems, institutions, technological advancements, and policy frameworks. In this study, various drought indices were calculated using SSP scenarios derived from 18 CMIP6 global climate models. The SSP5-8.5 scenario was employed as the climate change scenario, and meteorological drought indices such as the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Self-Calibrating Effective Drought Index (scEDI), and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) were utilized to analyze the prediction and variability of future drought occurrences in South Korea.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권3B호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2011

최근의 기후변화로 인한 강우패턴의 변화는 우리나라에서 가뭄의 발생확률을 증가시키고 있다. 가뭄의 발생은 다른 자연재해와는 달리 지속기간이 길고, 피해지역이 광범위하여, 사회경제적으로 겪는 피해가 다른 자연재해보다 크다. 현재 가뭄의 심도를 평가하기 위해서 기후학적 인자를 우선적으로 고려하는 가뭄지수가 주로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기후학적 인자를 고려한 가뭄지수와 재해에 취약한 사회경제적 요소를 고려하여 가뭄위험지도를 작성함으로써 좀 더 현실적인 가뭄평가 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 경상도 지역에 대한 가뭄의 공간적인 위험도 평가를 수행하기 위해, 가뭄위험도를 노출성 지수와 취약성 지수의 결합으로 정의하여 분석하였다. 가뭄의 노출성 지수는 가뭄지수를 이용하여 GIS를 기반으로 공간적 범위에 분포시켰으며, 가뭄의 취약성 지수는 사회경제적인 5가지 인자를 이용하여 산정하고, 표준화를 통하여 공간적 범위에 분포시켰다. 그 결과 대상지역인 경상도 내 시군구 지역별 가뭄에 대한 위험도의 차이를 비교할 수 있었으며, 같은 강도의 가뭄이 발생하여도 경상도 내 행정구역별 지역적 특성에 따라 가뭄위험도를 평가할 수 있었다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.405-409
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• 2018

최근 기후변화로 인해 기온, 강수량 등 농업에 직접적인 영향을 주는 환경요인의 변화가 급격하게 진행되고 있으며, 식량농업기구 (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO)는 기후변화로 인해 전 세계적인 식량위기가 발생할 가능성이 크다고 경고하고 있다. 농업 시스템의 생산 능력을 확보하기 위해 수자원의 효율적인 공급 및 분배, 수확량 예측, 토지 특성 파악 등 농업 생산 제한요소에 대한 빠른 정보수집이 요구되고 있다. 재해관리 분야에서 원격탐사 기술은 재해 발생을 인지하고 발생지역의 재해 진행과 피해 정도를 신속하게 제공할 수 있다는 점에서 효용성이 높다. 또한 위성 영상을 이용할 경우 접근이 용이하지 못한 지역의 조사가 수월하며, 장기적인 변화관측이나 환경감시 등 광역적 접근이 가능하다. 최근 위성영상을 통한 다양한 신호의 데이터 취득 및 가공이 가능하게 됨에 따라 주기적이고 동일한 정확도로 지상자료의 획득이 가능하다는 측면에서 인공위성을 활용한 농업 분야에서의 가뭄 분석 연구의 필요성이 대두되었다. 위성영상 신호를 통해 농업 가뭄에 활용되고 있는 지표로는 정규식생지수 (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) 및 식생상태지수 (Vegetation Condition Index, VCI), 식생가뭄반응지수(Vegetation Drought Response Index, VegDRI) 등이 있다. 잠재 증발산과 실제 증발산의 비를 이용한 위성영상기반의 가뭄지수인 Evaporative Stress Index (ESI)는 일반적으로 사용되는 가뭄지수인 표준강수지수(Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI), 파머가뭄심도지수 (Palmer Drought Severity Index, PDSI) 등과 비교하였을 때, 가뭄에 더 민감하고 빠른 반응을 보인다는 연구 결과로부터 짧은 기간의 급속하게 발생하는(rapid-onset) Flash drought의 가뭄판단지표로 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 과거 우리나라에 발생했던 극심한 가뭄 사상을 대상으로 ESI의 가뭄분석을 통해 타 지표와의 차별성을 확인하고 농업 가뭄 모니터링의 새로운 지표로써 적용성을 검토하고자 한다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.3-13
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• 2006

Although the drought impacts are comparably not catastrophic, the results from the drought are fatal in various social and economical aspects. Different from other natural hazards including floods, drought advances slowly and spreads widely, so that the preparedness is quite important and effective to mitigate the impacts from drought. Soil moisture depletion directly resulted from rainfall shortage is highly related with drought, especially for crops and vegetations, therefore a drought can be evaluated using soil moisture conditions. In this study, SMI (Soil Moisture Index) was developed to measure a drought condition using soil moisture model and frequency analysis for return periods. Runs theory was applied to quantify the soil moisture depletions for the drought condition in terms of severity, magnitude and duration. In 1994, 1995, 2000, and 2001, Korea had experienced several severe droughts, so the SMI developed was applied to evaluate applicability in the mid-range hydrologic unit watershed scale. From the results, SMI demonstrated the drought conditions with a quite sensitive manner and can be used as an indicator to measure a drought condition.