• 제목/요약/키워드: Native habitat

검색결과 155건 처리시간 0.029초

대청댐 유역 굴참나무림의 군락분류학 및 군락생태학적 연구 (Syntaxonomy and Synecology of Quercus variabilis Forest in Daecheong-dam basin)

  • 김성열;문건수;송원경;최재용
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.15-34
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    • 2021
  • Syntaxonomy and Synecology on Quercus variabilis forests in Daecheong-dam basin was carried out using the methods of Braun-Blanquet phytosociology. 6 syntaxa classified as species compositions described were Quercus variabilis community, Platycarya strobilacea-Quercus variabilis community(typicum subcommunity, dictamnus dasycarpus subcommunity), Quercetum variabili-serratae, Zelkova serrata-Quercus variabilis community and Dendranthema boreale-Quercus variabilis community. All syntaxa were shown habitat environmental conditions including steep inclination of more than 30°, high rock exposure rate of more than 50% and South-facing slope. These communities excepting Dendranthema boreale-Quercus variabilis community classified as natural vegetation were identified as low emergence rate of annual plants and species compositions composed native species, so it was confirmed that relatively natural succession were proceeding well. Quercetum variabili-serratae and Dendranthema boreale-Quercus variabilis community distributed forested hillslope of open water edge were representative Quercus variabilis syntaxa in Daecheong-dam basin.

The effects of temperature on the growth rate and nitrogen content of invasive Gracilaria vermiculophylla and native Gracilaria tikvahiae from Long Island Sound, USA

  • Gorman, Leah;Kraemer, George P.;Yarish, Charles;Boo, Sung Min;Kim, Jang K.
    • ALGAE
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.57-66
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    • 2017
  • The red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla, a species native to the waters of Korea and Japan, has invaded marine coastal areas of Europe and the Americas, thriving in conditions that differ from those of its native habitat. In recent years, G. vermiculophylla has been discovered in the Long Island Sound (LIS) estuary growing alongside the native congener Gracilaria tikvahiae. The goal of this study was to determine whether the two strains of G. vermiculophylla from different regions of the world have evolved genetic differences (i.e., ecotypic differentiation) or if the physiological performance of the strains simply reflects phenotypic plasticity. Two strains of G. vermiculophylla (isolated in Korea and LIS) and a strain of the LIS native G. tikvahiae were grown for four weeks under temperatures ranging from 20 to $34^{\circ}C$ using a temperature gradient table (all other environmental conditions were kept constant). At the end of each week, wet weight of each sample was recorded, and thalli were reduced to the original stocking density of $1gL^{-1}$ (excess biomass was preserved for tissue carbon and nitrogen analysis). Generally, the growth rates of Korean G. vermiculophylla > LIS G. vermiculophylla > G. tikvahiae. After one week of growth G. tikvahiae grew 9.1, 12.0, 9.4, and 0.2% $d^{-1}$, at temperatures of 20, 24, 29, and $34^{\circ}C$, respectively, while G. vermiculophylla (LIS) grew 6.6, 6.2, 5.7, and 3.6% $d^{-1}$. G. vermiculophylla (Korea) grew 15.4, 22.9, 23.2, and 10.1% $d^{-1}$, much higher than the two strains currently inhabiting the LIS. On average, the LIS G. vermiculophylla strain contained 4-5% DW N, while the Korean strain and G. tikvahiae had more modest levels of 2-3% N DW. However, tissue N content declined as temperature increased in LIS and Korean G. vermiculophylla. The non-native haplotype may have evolved genetic differences resulting in lower growth capacity while concentrating significantly more nitrogen, giving the non-native a competitive advantage.

Distribution and Bionomics of the Argentine Ant Linepithema humile (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae)

  • Min-Ji Lee;Young-Gyu Ban;Heejo Lee;Young Ha Kim;Dayeong Kim;Nang-Hee Kim;Dong Eon, Kim
    • Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.104-114
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    • 2023
  • In this study, the distribution, bait preference, hosts, symbionts, habitat status, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the ant Linepithema humile were analyzed. This species habitat comprised approximately 1.5 km along stone crevices, flower gardens, roadsides, and container yards in the vicinity of Busan station, Korea. Feeding activity of this species was confirmed in 9 species of 7 families of plants. Which was approximately 14% of total flora (63 species of 37 families) in the studied area. Particularly, it was observed that Dendranthema indicum and Camellia japonica were the most frequently visited. Further, we verified that they interacted with four species of aphids. We identified 22 species of ants (17 genera, 4 subfamilies) inhabiting the Busan station area, including L. humile, Tetramorium tsushimae, Nylanderia flavipes and the alien species Paratrechina longicornis. In areas where L. humile was the dominant species, the habitat of local native ants was reduced by approximately 30%. Bait preference was ranked in the following order: jelly, water with glucose (25%), and yogurt, with the highest preference for baits containing sugar and protein. The 630-bp cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the local L. humile populations were 99% identical to those of L. humile in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, and the Argentine ants that invaded Korea had a sequence identical to that of other invasive populations from China, Japan, and New Zealand. As L. humile rapidly increases due to domestic adaptation, continuous monitoring and control strategy for eradication are needed to protect domestic biodiversity.

남한 개모시풀의 자생지 환경특성과 혼생식물종 분포 (Environmental Characteristics and Species Composition of Boehmeria platanifolia Habitat in South Korea)

  • 김성민;신동일;송홍선;윤성탁;조용구
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.371-375
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    • 2008
  • 한반도 개모시풀의 자생지 환경조건에 따른 분포특성, 토양성분, 혼생식물을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 개모시풀의 상대밀도와 상대피도는 7.0%와 25.6%이었다. 해발고도별로는 200 m 이하에서 가장 많이 분포하였으며 해발고도가 높아질수록 분포지역이 적었다. 경사도별로는 $20^{\circ}$ 이하에서 80% 이상이 자생하였고, 사면별로는 남사면보다 햇빛이 적은 서사면과 북사면에서 집중되었다. 광량에 따른 분포는 90% 정도가 중광이나 약광이었고, 습윤 정도에 따른 분포는 69.1%가 습윤지역이었다. 자생지의 토성은 식양토이었으며, 평균 pH는 6.2로서 약산성 토양이었다. 유기물 함량은 $24\;g\;kg^{?1}$이었으며, 유효인산은 $31\;mg\;kg^{?1}$이었다. 혼생하는 식물은 60과 125속에 총 171분류군이었으며, 상대밀도와 상대피도가 가장 높은 혼생식물은 사위질빵이었다.

경관훼손지의 생태적 복구방안에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Ecological Restoration Strategies for the Disturbed Landscapes)

  • 김남춘
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.28-44
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    • 1998
  • This study was conducted to suggest the ecological restoration strategies for the disturbed landscapes by theoretical study. Especially, it is aimed to suggest three objectives for restoration by using native plants ; (1) prevention or reduction of wind and water erosion, (2) provision of food and cover for variety of animal species, (3) improvement of the visual or aesthetic quality of disturbed sites. The main results were summarized as follows. 1. Cooperation between restoration ecologists and restoration practitioners is needed to delineate a scientific approach to restoration ; (1) Being aware of published literature that describes similar work and/or establish general principles. (2) Preparedness to carry out proper experiments to test ideas. (3) Preparedness to monitor fundamental parameters in a restoration scheme. (4) Providing information about the behavior of species. (5) Publish results. 2. There are three models of succession in theories of plant succession. The tolerance and facilitation models were recommended to ecological restoration. The inhibition model applies in most secondary succession, but the actual species which are introduced first may inhibit the germination and growth of slower-growing species, or they may prevent the growth of other species whose propagules arrive later. 3. The objectives of erosion control, wildlife habitat provision, and visual quality improvement are not mutually exclusive. However, many revegetation practices in the past have emphasized one of these aspects at the expense of the others. 4. A native plant community can be the model of ecological restoration. By stylization/abstraction of native plant community, trying to learn the most essential characteristics of community types - environmental factors ; dominant, prevalent, and "visual essence" species composition - in order to use such information in restoration. 5. After developing mass/spaces plan, match plant communities to the mass/space plan. In utilizing community grouping, there needs aesthetic ability to understand design elements. 6. Several hydrophytes such as Pennisetum saccharifluous, Themeda triandra, Cirsium pendulum show relatively good germination rates. In case of mesophytes and xerophytes, Arundinella hina, Artemisia princeps, Oenothera odorata and legumes seem to have quick-germinating abilities at barren sites. Pinus thunbergii, Rhus chinensis, Evodia daniellii, Alnus firma and Albizzia julibrissin can be considered as "late succession" woody plants because they show low germinating rates and slow growing habitat. 7. The seeds used for restoration should be collected within a certain radius of where it will be planted. Consideration in genetic issues in the collection and use of germplasm can increase the odds for successful restoration efforts. 8. The useful model in the "drift" pattern occurs so abundantly in naturally evolving landscapes. As one species diminishes in density, a second or third species are increased. Thus, dynamic interactions between species are created. Careful using of "drift phenomenon" in planting was recommended. 9. Virtually no stand of vegetation today is immune from the introduction and/or spreading of exotic species. Therefore, the perpetuation of a restored sites requires conscious monitoring and management. Thus, management would be the most important process in ecological restoration. 10. In order to keep the sites "natural", alternative management strategies would be applied in management ; Atenative management strategies are decelerating successional process, accelerating successional processes or modifying species composition. As management tools, mechanical, chemical, biological or environmental factor manipulation, e.g., fire could be used.

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식물배합과 녹화용 접착제에 따른 비탈면녹화 특성 (Effects of Plant Mixtures and Tackifibers on the Slope Vegetation)

  • 김재환;윤중서;심상렬
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제9권6호
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    • pp.123-132
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    • 2006
  • This research was studied to inverstigate the effect of plant mixtures and tackifibers on the vegetation of slope sites. 5 type plant mixtures(tree type, forest type, native herbaceous plant type, foreign herbaceous plant type, and cool-season turfgrass type) and 3 different tackifibers (Guar tackifibers, Polyarchrylamide tackifibers and Cellulose methyl starch) were treated with 3 replications on the experimented slope. The germination and coverage rate were high on native and foreign herbaceous plants and low on cool-season turfgrass, forest and tree types. We could notice that herbaceous plant types were effective on the vegetation of slope in the short term. Because tree or forest type vegetations similar to natural plant habitat, however, were preferable on slope vegetation in the long term, tree species of high germination rate should be selected in this experiment for tree or forest type slope vegetations. Tackifiber treatments increased the germination rate during the early treatment stage. However, the effect of tackifiber treatment on germination rate was decreased on the elapse of time. Guar tackifiber treatment was most effective on the vegetation of slope. As far as soil erosion control was concerned, all tackifiber treatments were effective compared to control.

지리산국립공원 종석대 아고산 지대의 식물 분포 (Distribution of Plant Species at Subalpine Zone of Jongseogdae in Jirisan National Park)

  • 추갑철;김갑태
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.181-186
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    • 2003
  • 종석대 아고산초원의 생태계 변화관찰의 자료로 활용하고자, 종석대를 중심으로 분포하는 아고산지대의 초원과 관목층을 대상으로 40개의 방형구(5m${\times}$5m)를 설치하여 식생을 조사하였다. 종석대의 관목지대에는 미역줄나무의 상대우점치 (I.P.)가 23.45%로 가장 높았으며, 다음으로 조록싸리. 노린재나무, 털조록싸리 등의 순이었다. 종석대 고산초원의 초본식물은 큰까치수영. 고사리. 수리취, 여로, 원추리 및 노루오줌 등 6종이 우점종이었다. 산림청에서 희귀식물로 등록된 흰참꽃나무가 종석대 정상 바위틈에서 여러 개체가 자라고 있었으며, 지속적인 모니터링을 함으로써 훼손대책을 강구할 필요가 있다.

Geographical Isolation and Root-Associated Fungi in the Marine Terrains: A Step Toward Establishing a Strategy for Acquiring Unique Microbial Resources

  • Park, Jong Myong;Hong, Ji Won;Lee, Woong;Lee, Byoung-Hee;You, Young-Hyun
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제49권3호
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    • pp.235-248
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    • 2021
  • This study aimed to understand whether the geo-ecological segregation of native plant species affects the root-associated fungal community. Rhizoplane (RP) and rhizosphere (RS) fungal microbiota of Sedum takesimense native to three geographically segregated coastal regions (volcanic ocean islands) were analyzed using culture-independent methods: 568,507 quality sequences, 1399 operational taxonomic units, five phyla, and 181 genera were obtained. Across all regions, significant differences in the phyla distribution and ratio were confirmed. The Chao's richness value was greater for RS than for RP, and this variance coincided with the number of genera. In contrast, the dominance of specific genera in the RS (Simpson value) was lower than the RP at all sites. The taxonomic identity of most fungal species (95%) closely interacting with the common host plant was different. Meanwhile, a considerable number of RP only residing fungal genera were thought to have close interdependency on their host halophyte. Among these, Metarhizium was the sole genus common to all sites. These suggest that the relationship between potential symbiotic fungi and their host halophyte species evolved with a regional dependency, in the same halophyte species, and of the same natural habitat (volcanic islands); further, the fungal community differenced in distinct geographical regions. Importantly, geographical segregation should be accounted for in national culture collections, based on taxonomical uniqueness.

Two Unrecorded Alien Plants of Genus Melilotus in Korea: M. officinalis and M. indicus (Leguminosae)

  • Kim, Jin Ohk;Ryu, Tae Bok;Kim, Myoung Jun;Kim, Dae Hong;Lee, Nam Sook
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.63-71
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    • 2019
  • Two unrecorded alien plants, Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. and M. indicus (L.) All. (Leguminosae) were found in Korea. M. officinalis is native to Eurasia and widely distributed in agricultural regions throughout the world. M. indicus is native to Mediterranean and Southwestern Europe, and naturalized in temperate regions all over the world. These species are morphologically similar to M. suaveolens (Jeon-dong-ssa-ri). However, M. officinalis is distinguished from M. suaveolens by transverse nerved legumes, definite ovary stalks, and five to eight number of ovules in ovary. M. indicus is also distinguished from M. suaveolens by smaller size of flowers, broadly triangular calyx teeth, globose legumes, and minutely papillose seeds. The local name of M. officinalis and M. indicus were given as "Ju-reum-jeon-dong-ssa-ri" and "Jom-jeon-dong-ssa-ri" based on transverse nerved legumes and overall smaller size than M. suaveolens, respectively. The descriptions on morphological characters and photographs at the habitat of M. officinalis and M. indicus are provided.

개발 예정지역에서의 자연보전 가치 평가 - 대관령 알펜시아 리조트 조성 예정지역을 사례로 - (A Study for Natural Conservation Value Assessment of Developing Area - Case Study of Alpensia Resort -)

  • 최희선;조동길;박미영;김남균;김귀곤
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.108-118
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    • 2005
  • While the recent lift of restrictions in greenbelt areas is expected to generate a number of development plans, there are efforts to create various development plans into spatial plans that consider the natural and ecological conditions of development sites. However, these development plans consider Degree of Green Naturality or Degree of Ecology only when designating areas for conservation within development sites. It is true that they don't fully reflect the value of green areas and wetlands as habitats and natural resources. Therefore, this study built an conservation value assessment model that is applicable to sites where development is planned in Korea by reviewing prior case examples md studies and applied the developed model to a case study area. The site where the conservation value assessment model was applied to is an area around Yongsan-ri and Suha-ri, Doam-myon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon province where quality natural resources are located in and wend the site. This is a site for the development of Alpensia Resort where a resort including facilities for the Winter Olympics is planned to be introduced. In order to assess the conservation value of the site for Alpensia Resort, a total of eight items including area, distribution of communities, habitation of species with conservation value, functions of habitats, connectivity of habitats, vegetation layers of forests, age of forests, and ratio of non-native plants were studied through literature review and field surveys. The assessment was made by dividing the site into 95 habitats that are perceived by aerial photographs and each habitat unit was assessed on the eight items in a 3-point scale. Each unit habitat assessed in a 3-point scale was segmented into primary, secondary or tertiary areas based on the conservation value. Habitats assessed as primary were designated as priority (absolute) conservation areas and those assessed as secondary and tertiary were set as secondary conservation areas and tertiary conservation areas, respectively. As a result, each area represented 26.9%, 20% and 3% of total site area. Based on this result, habitat management plans were developed to conserve primary conservation areas, improve secondary conservation areas and restore tertiary conservation areas. In addition, a development plan was developed to create habitats in areas where new habitats are requested in order to build an eco-network in the site and a plan to create eco-corridors was proposed. In developing a land use plan for the site, a development plan that considers conservation areas first should be set up based on the outcome of conservation value assessment. This can be linked to the development of an environment-friendly land use plan as well as easing the establishment of a green area and eco-network. This study will facilitate the implementation of the 'conservation before development' principle, which can prevent reckless development, by assessing conservation value in setting up development plans.