• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.71-86
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 인공지능 기술 또는 서비스를 수용하는 사용자의 윤리성 인식을 측정하기 위한 척도 개발 및 타당화에 있다. 이를 위해 인공지능 윤리성 관련 문헌 분석을 통해 구성개념 및 속성을 확인하였다. 전국의 10대-70대 남녀 133명(개방형 설문:1차 문항), 273명(예비조사:2차 문항), 500명(본조사:최종 문항)을 대상으로 실시한 온라인 설문조사 결과를 확인적 요인분석에 의해 정제하여 최종적으로 인공지능기술 윤리성 척도를 개발하였다. 인공지능기술 윤리성 인식 척도는 총 4개 요인(투명성, 안전성, 공정성, 책임성) 16개 문항으로 개발하여 일반적인 인공지능기술 관련 윤리성 인식을 세부 요인별로 측정할 수 있도록 하였다. 개발된 척도를 활용하여 다양한 분야의 측정 변인들과의 관련성을 밝힐 수 있을 것이며, 인공지능기술 발전의 초기 단계에서 윤리성 인식을 높이기 위한 기초 데이터를 제공하는 데 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2016

기술의 개발은 인류의 활동영역을 넓히고, 기존에 대응하지 못했던 재난 상황에의 대응을 가능케 한다. 한편, 인류의 우주개발 활동은 새로운 종류의 재난인 우주물체에 의한 위험을 인식하게 하였다. 지난 '13년 러시아 첼야빈스크에 추락하여 1천 5백여 명의 인명피해를 낸 소행성처럼 과거에는 혜성 등 자연우주물체만이 위험요소에 해당하였다면, 오늘날에는 '87년 구소련의 원자력 핵전지 탑재 위성 추락, '12년 러시아의 포보스-그룬트 위성 추락 등 인공우주물체의 추락마저도 인류가 적극적으로 대처해야 할 위험요인이 된 것이다. 이에 정부에서는 국가차원의 대비책을 마련하고자 '14년에 우주위험대비기본계획을 확정하여 우주위험 예 경보 및 감시 분석 능력 등에 대한 목표를 제시한 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 우주위험을 대비하기 위해 개발해야 하는 기술의 중요성 및 시급성을 도출하기 위하여 관련 전문가를 대상으로 AHP 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 이의 결과를 근거로 우주위험감시기술개발 추진을 위한 정책전략을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.84-92
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• 2022

Background: Topical corticosteroids (TCs) are available both as over-the-counter drugs and prescription medicines at pharmacies. Although they are generally safe drugs, inappropriate and excessive use could result in potential side effects. Thus, it is important to have appropriate knowledge regarding the use of TCs. We performed a cross-sectional survey to assess public knowledge and the potential misuse or overuse of TCs. Methods: A cross-sectional and nationwide online survey was conducted among participants who were aware of TCs. The survey items included sources of information, indications, potential side effects, and methods of application of TCs. A comparative analysis was conducted between those with (TC users) and without (TC non-users) an experience of using TCs. Results: Among 3,000 participants, 74.4% were TC users. The mass media was the most common information source of TCs, and only one-third of the surveyed people relied on pharmacists or doctors for information. Regarding indications and application methods, incorrect answer rate was high in some items, but respondents showed adequate knowledge. However, awareness of the safety of TCs was low. Overall, the TC users showed a higher knowledge of TCs than TC non-users. Conclusions: Public knowledge of the use of TCs appears to be appropriate. However, we found potential misuse or overuse of some items and a lack of awareness of the side effects concerning TCs. Thus, healthcare professionals' significant role is required.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.204-214
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• 2022

Speedy development has been witnessed in communication technologies and the adoption of the Internet across the world. Information dissemination is the primary goal of these technologies. One of the rapidly developing nations in the Middle East is Saudi Arabia, where the use of communication technologies, including mobile and Internet, has drastically risen in recent times. These advancements are relatively new to the region when contrasted to developed nations. Thus, offenses arising from the adoption of these technologies may be new to Saudi Arabians. This study examines cyber security awareness among Saudi Arabian citizens in distinct settings. A comparison is made between the cybersecurity policy guidelines adopted in Saudi Arabia and three other nations. This review will explore distinct essential elements and approaches to mitigating cybercrimes in the United States, Singapore, and India. Following an analysis of the current cybersecurity framework in Saudi Arabia, suggestions for improvement are determined from the overall findings. A key objective is enhancing the nationwide focus on efficient safety and security systems. While the participants display a clear knowledge of IT, the surveyed literature shows limited awareness of the risks related to cyber security practices and the role of government in promoting data safety across the Internet. As the findings indicate, proper frameworks regarding cyber security need to be considered to ensure that associated threats are mitigated as Saudi Arabia aspires to become an efficient smart nation.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.240-252
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• 2006

A survey was implemented to suggest basic data for assuring the safety of cooked foods in foodbank operations. A questionnaire consisted of total 48 items including general characteristics, basic inputs and perceived importance/performance of sanitary management. One hundred twenty-eight responses among the 267 nationwide foodbanks were used for the statistical analysis. About forty-one percent of foodbanks was operated a period of 1-3 years and 43.0% of them were managed by social welfare organizations. The number of staff was only 0.5 person per operation with the whole responsibility and 1.0 with additional work, and thus most of the work was managed by volunteers. Job satisfaction was shown to be moderate and was affected by specialty and salary mostly. The facilities and equipment in foodbanks were not enough to operate and freezers/refrigerators were the top priority to supplement. Most of the respondents attended a nationwide level sanitary education program (79.7%); but complained not enough frequency of education (90%). The sanitary status of the donated foods was considered as satisfactory but some safety practices had to be improved, including personnel expenses and operating costs in the district level, a sanitary awareness of the donors and a general management of the facilities arid equipment. An assessment on sanitary management resulted in an overall average of 4.45 out of 5 points in importance and 3.85 in performance showing the high level of sanitation perception in foodbank managers. From the IPA analysis, the fields found to be improved were sanitation management during cooking and temperature control as well as cleanliness and sanitation of both transport vehicle and refrigerator/freezer. To secure the food safety in foodbanks, consequently, personnel support, supplement of facilities and equipment, intense sanitation education and development of sanitation management program is needed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.336-342
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• 2022

Background: This study aims to identify the safety and health risk perceptions toward the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic based on gender in Korean university students who work and study during the pandemic. Methods: A nationwide convenient sampling method was implemented to eliminate any regional characteristics in 757 university students, including those who studied while working. The participants answered the online questionnaire for one week. The collected data were analyzed using the R version 3.4.1 program. Results: The results comparing the safety and health risk perceptions toward COVID-19 based on the gender of the subjects who work while studying, "I often use the Internet to obtain information on COVID-19 infection control" are females appeared to use the internet more often (t = -2.18, p = 0.031) than males. "Compared to pre-COVID-19, I am currently feeling safe after the outbreak" is females felt less safe (t = 3.43, p < 0.001). Although COVID-19 infection control awareness is high among Korean university students and officials, males reported higher scores over females in all the questions, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: There should be prioritized psychological measures for prevention against COVID-19 for vulnerable groups with high mental health risks. A network must be established to protect the mental health of such groups, and candidates who require intervention must be actively identified and supported. Therefore, there must be efforts to deliver accurate information based on scientific evidence of the infectious disease, and the actions should be supported through such active communication.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2017

본 연구는 의료기기 안전성에 관한 의료인들의 인식(지식, 태도)과 행동에 관한 기초현황을 파악하여 보고, 직종 간 차이를 평가해보기 위한 탐색적 조사연구이다. 인천광역시에 소재한 900병상 규모의 상급종합병원을 대상으로 설문지를 배포하여 220명의 응답 자료를 분석에 사용하였다. 연구결과, 연구대상 의료인들은 대체적으로 의료기기 종류에 따른 잠재적 위험성에 대한 인식이 갖춰져 있고, 의료기기 안전성 교육의 필요성을 느끼고 있었다. 또한 의료진들의 직종 간 의료기기 안전성에 관한 인식의 차이를 살펴봤을 때, 등급 높은 의료기기를 주로 사용하지만 의료기기 안전에 관한 인식이 가장 낮은 전공의를 대상으로 하는 의료기기 안전교육의 필요성이 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 향후 전국규모의 연구를 통하여 자료의 질을 향상하고 결과의 수준을 높이며, 이를 바탕으로 의료기기 안전성 관리에 있어 정책적, 교육적 기반으로 활용할 필요가 있다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.5-19
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• 2019

Purpose: This study conducted to determine if people perceive differences in disaster preparedness, ego-resilience and disaster stress according to their perception of risk and disaster safety, safety of residence, disaster experience and disaster education experience. Methods: A total of 1,000 subjects voluntarily participated in a nationwide online survey. Data obtained were evaluated using the t-test and ANOVA. Results: The average scores were $2.66{\pm}0.73$, $2.64{\pm}0.81$, $2.89{\pm}0.85$, and $3.62{\pm}0.66$ out of 5 points for -the risk of disaster, disaster safety, safety of residence and interest in disaster, respectively. For 18.6% of the subjects who reported having experience with disaster, fine dust was the most common disaster experienced. Moreover, 50.1% of respondents reported earthquake was the most likely disaster. The disaster preparedness score was $4.91{\pm}3.75$ out of 16 points, ego resilience was $3.38{\pm}0.53$ out of 5 points, and disaster stress was $5.61{\pm}1.77$ out of 10 points. There were significant differences in disaster preparedness, ego-resilience and disaster stress depending on subjects' perception of safety or interest in disaster and their experiences or education regarding disaster. Conclusion: Our results suggest that it is necessary to increase awareness of disaster and to prepare a plan for persistent and systematic disaster education.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2023

Background: Working despite feeling ill - presenteeism - is a widespread behavioral phenomenon. Previous research has shown that presenteeism is influenced by various work-related and personal factors. It's an illness behavior leading to a range of negative but also positive consequences. Due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, remote work has become the "new normal" for many employees. But so far, little is known about presenteeism in remote work. This study aims to investigate presenteeism in remote work by looking at the extent of remote presenteeism, differences to presenteeism in on-site work, and associated factors. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Germany with N = 233 participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and correlation analysis. Results: The results reveal that presenteeism is prevalent in remote work x = 4.13 days (Md = 3; D = 2; s = 4.95). A low ability to detach from work (r = -.17; p = .005) and low supervisor support (r = -.14; p = .02) is associated with more remote presenteeism days. Remote working conditions seem to facilitate presenteeism. Conclusion: This study provides empirical insights into a subject area of great societal relevance. The results show that awareness should be raised for presenteeism in remote work. It should be regarded as a behavior that can be functional or dysfunctional, depending on the individual situation. Supervisor support and detachment should be fostered to help reduce dysfunctional presenteeism. Promotion of health literacy might help remote workers to decide on a health-oriented illness behavior. Further research is vital to analyze to what extent and under which circumstances presenteeism in remote work is (dys)functional and to derive clear recommendations.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.145-162
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• 2021

Purpose: The 2018 General survey of emergency assistance was conducted to examine the working conditions and welfare, including educational direction, interests, and awareness of work, of the fire department emergency medical technicians (EMT). This would be used as basic data for future policy directions. Methods: Among the fire-fighting officers in 16 cities nationwide, emergency rescue workers engaged in first-aid activities were targeted. With prior consent, a survey was conducted through electronic documents. Of the total 1,227 people, responses from 1,151 were finally analyzed, excluding 76 who did not respond appropriately. Results: The working conditions and welfare of 119 firefighters were moderate, but in the fields of education and interest, the learning according to the regulations was high. In particular, satisfaction with the scope of work was found to be below average. However, it was positive that it will play a role as a social safety net in the future and will converge with cutting-edge science. Conclusion: Although this study was a total investigation of the EMT survey, conducting an EMT survey on all fire fighters in Korea is difficult. Further research is needed, particularly on first-class emergency medical personnel who play a major role in 119 paramedics.