• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 2017

The results from our investigation showed differences in pine needle damage by Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye and indicate serious environmental pollution caused by a petrochemical industrial complex. The gall formation rate by T. japonensis near the industrial complex was 47.94% compared to 9.94% in the site farthest from the complex. The average length of pine needles damaged by T. japonensis near the industrial complex and farthest site were 4.5 cm and 4.9 cm, respectively. The average number of larvae in pine needle galls near the industrial complex and farthest site were 3.4 and 2.4, respectively. The average body length and width of fullgrown larvae near the industrial complex were 2.40 mm and 0.7 mm, respectively, whereas larvae in the site farthest from the complex were 2.45 mm in length and 0.71 mm in width.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 2010

The current study was designed to scientifically evaluate the atmospheric particulate pollution in residences relative to their proximity to a Korean major iron/metal industrial complex (IMIC). This objective was achieved by measuring the concentrations and elemental composition of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters equal to or less than 10 ${\mu}m$(PM10) in industrial ambient air from IMIC and residential ambient air with relative proximities to IMIC. The trace metals were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The industrial mean values exceeded the Korean year/70-${\mu}g/m^3$ standard for PM10, whereas the residential mean values did not. However, the maximum residential values did exceed or were close to the Korean PM10 year standard. For individual elements, the ambient concentrations ranged widely from values in the order of a few $ng/m^3$ to thousands of $ng/m^3$. The residential mean mass concentrations in the PM10 measured in the present study were higher than or similar to those reported in earlier studies. This study suggests that residents in neighborhoods near the IMIC are exposedto elevated particulate levels compared to residents living further away from such a source.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.315-325
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• 2012

The characteristics of stormwater runoff and estimation of unit loads were examined in suburban industrial complex areas. During rainfall event, the peak concentrations occurred within the first 100 minutes after rainfall and then the highest concentration of NPS pollutants sharply decreased, showing strong first flush effect in suburban industrial complex. The cumulative load curves for NPS pollutants showed above the straight line, indicating that first flush effect occurred in suburban industrial complex. While the mean TSS, BOD, COD, TN and TP EMCs values were shown the highest values as 120.6 mg/L, 20.8 mg/L, 44.0 mg/L, 5.58 mg/L and 1.46 mg/L respectively. Unit loads estimated from the EMCs were TSS $43.86kg/km^2/day$, COD $52.45kg/km^2/day$, BOD $24.79kg/km^2/day$, T-N $6.65kg/km^2/day$, T-P $1.75kg/km^2/day$, and Pb $0.10kg/km^2/day$. Results of unit loads were compared with the unit pollutant loads from land-use in Korea and USA. The unit load of TSS was lower than that of USA. Estimated BOD and T-N and T-P unit loads were lower than that of Korea.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.137-155
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is concerned with the relationship between the location of industrial complex and regional changes. Yeochon National Industrial Complex(YNIC) was dedicated as an industrial site in 1967 according to a part of the Korean government's plan of developing for heavey chemical industry. Yeochun city has been changed with location and establishment of YNIC since 1969. The establishment of YNIC have influence upon the increase of population and employment, urban development, and growth of regional economy within research areas including of Yeochun city, Yeochun county, and Yeosu city. In addition, with the establishment of YNIC, the regional economical structure was progressed from farm and fishery oriented sector to manufacturing oriented sector, thus the petrochemical business related companies hold a majority among regional manufacturing structure. We used the shift-share analysis and regional growth rate differential analysis in order to examine the characteristics revealed in the transformation of employment and industrial structure. The petrochemical related manufacturing and construction industries provided a great influence on the growth of regional employment.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2014

This paper aims at exploring the multi-scalar processes through which the Gumi Industrial Complex was developed in the late 1960s and the early 1970s. Existing studies, influenced by the "Developmental State Thesis", tend to see the industrialization processes of South Korea either by focusing on the socio-politico-economic processes at the national scale or in terms of the plan rationality of the national bureaucrats. This paper, however, denies this perspective on the basis of the strategic relational approach to the state and the multi-scalar perspective. In particular, it argues that the state actions for national industrialization have been the outcome of complex interactions, conflicts and negotiations among social forces, acting in and through the state, and at diverse geographical scales. This paper attempts to empirically prove this argument on the basis of a case study on the construction processes of Gumi Industrial Complex. The development of Gumi Industrial Complex cannot be solely explained in terms of either the plan rationality of the national bureaucrats or the political motivation related to the fact that Gumi was the hometown of President Park Jung-Hee. This paper argues that the development of Gumi Industrial Complex was heavily influenced by the role of the following actors; place-dependent local actors in Gumi and the multi-scalar agents, such as the Korean-Japanese businessmen and the national parliament members elected in the Gumi electoral district.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.106-108
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• 2004

In this paper we have determined the thermodynamic parameters for the isomerization between the ${\alpha}$-cis and the ${\beta}$-cis isomers in vanadium(V)-propylenediaminetetraacetate complex in water by $^{51}V$ NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the effects of organic solvents (methanol, formamide and dimethylsulfoxide) and inorganic salts (NaCl, $NaClO_4\;and\;NH_4Cl$) on the isomerization in solution have been investigated.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.49-57
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• 2016

This study investigated the 16 priority PAH concentrations and emission sources from two region (Southwest and East) soils in Jeollanamdo. National industrial complexes have been operated in these regions. PAH concentrations in east region were higher than southeast region, and 9.1 times higher for polluted area and approximately 8.5 times higher for industrial complex were observed. Individual PAH ratios and LMW/HMW ratio indicated that PAHs were emitted from pyrogenic sources in two regions. Average Ant/(Ant+Phe) ratios in southwest and east were 0.14 and 0.22, respectively. From a principal component analysis, it was concluded that PAHs were originated from vehicles and coal power plants.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

The research centers on the concentration profile and risk assessment of toxic metals for ambient air in Taejon industrial complex. Airborne concentrations of each toxic metal for risk assessment were obtained from 2-year sampling by high volume air sampler and analysis by ICP-MS and ICP-AES in the complex. The long-term arithmetic mean of human carcinogen, arsenic, hexavalent chromium and nickel subsulfide was 5.53, 2.16 and $3.46ng/m^3$ while the mean of probable human carcinogen, beryllium, cadmium and lead was 0.08, 2.35, $293.29ng/m^3$, respectively. And the long-term arithmetic mean concentration of non-carcinogenic metal, manganese was $55.91ng/m^3$. The point risk estimate for the inhalation of carcinogenic metals was $3.6{\times}10^{-5}$, which was higher than a risk standard of $10^{-5}$. About 75% of the cancer risk was to the inhalation of human carcinogen, arsenic. Thus, it is necessary to properly manage arsenic risk in Taejon industrial complex. The point hazard index by the inhalation of manganese was 1.1. Therefore, an investigation into Taejon industrial complex is needed to obtain more fine long-term concentration data for airborne non-carcinogenic metals including manganese.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.128-141
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• 2018

Industrial complex releasing huge amounts of dusts, fumes and wastewater containing heavy metal(loid)s could be a source of heavy metal(loid)s pollution in arable soil. Heavy metal(loid)s pollution in arable soil adversely affect crops safety, subsequently human being. Hence, it is important to accurately assess the heavy metal(loid)s pollution in soil using pollution indices. The objectives of this study are 1) to compare assessment methods of heavy metal(loid)s pollution in arable soils located near industrial complex in Gyeongsang provinces and 2) to determine the relationship between concentration of plant available heavy metal(loid)s and chemical properties of soil. Soil samples were collected from 85 sites of arable lands nearby 10 industrial complex in Gyeongsang provinces. The average total concentration of all heavy metal(loid)s of the studied soils was higher than that of Korean arable soils but did not exceed the warning criteria established by the Soil Environmental Conservation Act of Korea. Only six sites of arable soils for the total concentration of As, Cu and Ni exceeded the warning criteria (As: $25mg\;kg^{-1}$, Cu: $150mg\;kg^{-1}$, Ni: $100mg\;kg^{-1}$). The contamination factor (CF) and geoaccumulation index ($I_{geo}$) of the heavy metal(loid)s in arable soils varied among the sampling sites, and the average values of As and Cd were relatively higher than that of other metals. Results of integrated indices of As and Cd in arable soils located near industrial complex indicated that some arable soils were moderately or heavily polluted. The plant available concentration of heavy metal(loid)s was negatively related to the soil pH and negative charge of soil. Available Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations had relatively high correlation coefficient with pH and negative charge of soil when compared with other heavy metal(loid)s. Based on the above results, it might be a good soil management to control pH with soil amendments such as lime and compost to reduce phytoavailability of heavy metal(loid)s in arable soil located near industrial complex.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.473-481
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• 1999

Objectives: In recent days, the problem of odor pollution in community near Sihwa Industrial complex, Kynuggi Province is becoming of significant public concern. We have investigated the health effects of the Sihwa residents from odor pollution comparing with other less polluted areas. Methods: The Ansan and Kuri Cities were selected as control areas. The parents of the elementary and middle school students in these three areas were surveyed with structured questionnaire twice, Nov 1997 and Jure 1998 each. As a exposure index, the ambient air concentrations of five major air pollutants(particulates, $O_3,\;SO_2,\;NO_2$, CO) and subjective odor perception were used. We have focused health outcomes such as the prevalence of nonspecific irritant symptoms, respiratory disease among family members and the score of qualify of life(QOL). Results: Although the mean concentrations of major air pollutants except particulates were similar or lower in Sihwa than other areas, the odor perception rate and the monthly odor perception days were significantly higher. It suggested that odor producing chemical compounds are the major source of environmental pollution problem. There were higher prevalence rates of nonspecific irritant symptoms and respiratory disease among family members in Sihwa than other control areas. The QOL score was also lower in Sihwa. The odor perception proved to be a most important factor in reporting adverse health effects and lowering the QOL score. Conclusion: The residents living near Sihwa industrial complex were suffering from more adverse health symptoms and poorer QOL status than control areas. And it may be due to environmental odor pollution from industrial complex. Therefore, further research will be needed for monitoring of the responsible chemicals emitted from industries.